如何使用HTML5的WebSocket实现网页与服务器的双工通信(二)
程序员文章站
2022-07-02 13:58:45
本系列服务端双工通信包括两种实现方式：一、使用Socket构建；二、使用WCF构建。本文为使用WCF构建服务端的双工通信，客户端同样使用Html5的WebSocket技术进行调用 ......
本系列服务端双工通信包括两种实现方式：一、使用Socket构建；二、使用WCF构建。本文为使用WCF构建服务端的双工通信，客户端同样使用Html5的WebSocket技术进行调用。
一、创建WCF服务库Wcf.Duplex.Library：
1.定义协议的服务接口：
1 [ServiceContract]
2 public interface IWebSocketEchoCallback
3 {
4 [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, Action = "*")]
5 void Send(Message message);
6 }
7
8 [ServiceContract(CallbackContract = typeof(IWebSocketEchoCallback))]
9 public interface IWebSocketEcho
10 {
11 [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, Action = "*")]
12 void Receive(Message message);
13 }
注意：
OperationContract中的Action，一定要设置。
IWebSocketEcho接口中：只能定义一个OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, Action = "*")方法入口，否则使用WebSocket连接时会报错
IWebSocketEchoCallback 回调接口中：可以定义多个OperationContract(IsOneWay = true, Action = "*")方法
2.实现服务协议，并定义一个时钟，定时调用回调方法，发送信息给客户端：
1 public class EchoService : IWebSocketEcho
2 {
3
4 IWebSocketEchoCallback _callback = null;
5
6 public EchoService()
7 {
8
9 //获取回调信道
10 _callback =
11 OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<IWebSocketEchoCallback>();
12
13 Timer time = new Timer(10000);
14 time.Elapsed += time_Elapsed;
15 time.Start();
16 }
17 void time_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e)
18 {
19 _callback.Send(CreateMessage("Message From WebSockets Host" + " " + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
20 }
21 public void Receive(Message message)
22 {
23 if (message == null)
24 {
25 throw new ArgumentNullException("message");
26 }
27
28 WebSocketMessageProperty property =
29 (WebSocketMessageProperty)message.Properties["WebSocketMessageProperty"];
30 WebSocketContext context = property.WebSocketContext;
31 var queryParameters = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(context.RequestUri.Query);
32 string content = string.Empty;
33
34 if (!message.IsEmpty)
35 {
36 byte[] body = message.GetBody<byte[]>();
37 content = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
38 }
39
40 // Do something with the content/queryParams
41 // ...
42
43 string str = null;
44 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content)) // Connection open message
45 {
46 str = "Opening connection from user " +
47 queryParameters["Name"].ToString();
48 }
49 else // Message received from client
50 {
51 str = "Received message: " + content;
52 }
53 wcf.websocket.forweb.LogHelper.log.Error(str);
54 _callback.Send(CreateMessage(str));
55 }
56
57 private Message CreateMessage(string content)
58 {
59 Message message = ByteStreamMessage.CreateMessage(
60 new ArraySegment<byte>(
61 Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content)));
62 message.Properties["WebSocketMessageProperty"] =
63 new WebSocketMessageProperty { MessageType = WebSocketMessageType.Text };
64
65 return message;
66 }
67 }
二.新建WEB项目，在项目中引用第一步建立的WCF服务库Wcf.Duplex.Library。
1.打开Global.asax.cs的文件，在Application_Start增加以下代码：
RouteTable.Routes.Add(new ServiceRoute("EchoService",new ServiceHostFactory(),typeof(EchoService)));
说明：增加服务路由的时候，路由前缀可以随便设置；ServiceType，需要设置为WCF服务库的EchoService类。
2.配置WEB.Config:
<system.serviceModel> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="Wcf.Duplex.Library.EchoService"><!--此处为服务类，需要修改为本项目的服务类--> <endpoint address="" binding="customBinding" bindingConfiguration="webSocket" contract="Wcf.Duplex.Library.IWebSocketEcho" /><!--此处为服务的协议接口，需要修改为本项目对应的服务接口--> </service> </services> <bindings> <customBinding> <binding name="webSocket"> <byteStreamMessageEncoding/> <httpTransport> <webSocketSettings transportUsage="Always" createNotificationOnConnection="true"/> </httpTransport> </binding> </customBinding> </bindings> </system.serviceModel>
3.在当前项目中增加页面testWebSocket.html，使用WebSocket调用服务
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>WebSockets客户端示例</title>
</head>
<script>
var webSocket;
function connect() {
try {
var readyState = new Array("正在连接", "已建立连接", "正在关闭连接", "已关闭连接");
var host = 'ws://localhost:61413' +
window.location.pathname.replace('testWebSocket.html', 'EchoService') +
'?Name=liza';
webSocket = new WebSocket(host);
var message = document.getElementById("message");
message.innerHTML += "<p>Socket状态：" + readyState[webSocket.readyState] + "</p>";
webSocket.onopen = function () {
message.innerHTML += "<p>Socket状态：" + readyState[webSocket.readyState] + "</p>";
}
webSocket.onmessage = function (msg) {
message.innerHTML += "<p>接收信息：" + msg.data + "</p>";
}
webSocket.onclose = function () {
message.innerHTML += "<p>Socket状态：" + readyState[webSocket.readyState] + "</p>";
}
}
catch (exception) {
message.innerHTML += "<p>有错误发生</p>";
}
}
function send() {
var text = document.getElementById("text").value;
var message = document.getElementById("message");
if (text == "") {
message.innerHTML += "<p>请输入一些文字</p>";
return;
}
try {
webSocket.send(text);
message.innerHTML += "<p>发送数据：" + text + "</p>";
}
catch (exception) {
message.innerHTML += "<p>发送数据出错</p>";
}
document.getElementById("text").value = "";
}
function disconnect() {
webSocket.close();
}
</script>
<body>
<h1>WebSocket客户端示例</h1>
<div id="message"></div>
<p>请输入一些文字</p>
<input id="text" type="text">
<button id="connect" onclick="connect();">建立连接</button>
<button id="send" onclick="send();">发送数据</button>
<button id="disconnect" onclick="disconnect();">断开连接</button>
</body>
</html>
同系列其他文章：