linux开发工具 gcc gdb Makefile Cmake

程序员文章站 2022-07-02 09:02:54

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作业

作业1 编译器三级优化分别优化了什么？

-O1 一级优化提供基础级别的优化
这一层通过代码调整的方式优化，主要包括语句调整，用汇编重写、指令调整、换一种语言实现、换一个编译器、循环展开、参数传递优化等。代码调整是一种局部的思维方式，基本上不触及算法层级，它面向的是代码，而不是问题。
-O2 二级优化提供更加高级的代码优化,会占用更长的编译时间
这一级在上一级的基础上增加了新的视角，它主要强调的重点是针对问题的算法，即选择和构造适合于问题的算法，很多经典算法都对问题作了一些假设，而在面对实际问题时“新的视角”提示我们应该重新检视这些假设，并尝试不同的思考问题的角度，寻求适合于问题的新算法，发掘问题的本来意义，从不同的角度思考面对的问题，使用适合于问题的的算法; 尝试打破一些规则，发掘和怀疑自己的某些假定，恢复问题的本来面目；
-O3 三级优化提供*的代码优化
它整合了第一和第二级别中的优化技巧。这一级可以将问题抽象为另一种等价的数学模型或假想机器模型，比如构造出某种表驱动状态机。这一级其实是第二级的延伸，只是产生的效果更加明显，但它有其本身的特点，任何算法和优化活动都可以看作是他的投影。这一级一般可以产生无与伦比的快速程序，第三级要求的思考优化问题的切入点，是寻找一部机器，使它运行经过的路径最短，可能是速度也可能是空间等。

作业2 总结gcc静态库和动态库的制作步骤

静态库
1.把源文件成目标文件后缀为.o gcc add.c -c
2.生成静态库文件 ar rcs 库名字（如libadd.a） add.o
3.将主函数与静态库连接 gcc main.c -ladd -L. -o main -l链接 -L路径
动态库
gcc -shared -fPIC add.c -o libadd.so
gcc main.c ./libadd.so -o main(可执行文件)

作业3 总结Cmake使用

例1:Hello World

1.写源文件helloworld.c 建文件CMakeList.txt 写此文件

[[email protected] cmakelearn]# vim helloworld.c
[[email protected] cmakelearn]# touch CMakeList.txt
[[email protected] cmakelearn]# ls
CMakeList.txt  helloworld.c
[[email protected] cmakelearn]# vim CMakeList.txt

  1 #include "stdio.h"
  2 
  3 int main()
  4 {
  5     printf("hello,world! Welcome! \n");
  6     return 0;
  7 }

  1 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
  2 project (hello)
  3 add_executable(hello helloworld.c)

2.用cmake生成Makefile文件

[[email protected] cmakelearn]# cmake .
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 4.4.7
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 4.4.7
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/0706/cmakelearn

[[email protected] cmakelearn]# ls
CMakeCache.txt  cmake_install.cmake  helloworld.c
CMakeFiles      CMakeLists.txt       Makefile

3.make编译程序，编译成功

[[email protected] cmakelearn]# make
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 50%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/helloworld.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello

[[email protected] cmakelearn]# ./hello
hello,world! Welcome!

例2: 包含目录结构的项目

1.写源文件add.c 头文件add.h 建文件CMakeLists.txt 写此文件

[[email protected] test2]# vim add.c
[[email protected] test2]# vim add.h
[[email protected] test2]# vim main.c
[[email protected] test2]# vim CmakeLists.txt
[[email protected] test2]# ls
add.c  add.h  main.c

add.c

  1 int add(int a,int b)
  2 {
  3     return a+b;
  4 }

add.h

 1 extern add(int a,int b);

CMakeLists.txt

  1 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
  2 project(directory_test)
  3 
  4 include_directories(include)
  5 
  6 file(GLOB SOURCES "/root/0706/cmakelearn/test2/*.c")
  7 
  8 add_executable(testAdd ${SOURCES})

2.用cmake生成Makefile文件

[[email protected] test2]# cmake .
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/0706/cmakelearn/test2

[[email protected] test2]# ls
add.c  CMakeCache.txt  cmake_install.cmake  main.c    testAdd
add.h  CMakeFiles      CMakeLists.txt       Makefile

3.make编译程序，编译成功

[[email protected] test2]# make
Scanning dependencies of target testAdd
[ 33%] Building C object CMakeFiles/testAdd.dir/add.c.o
[ 66%] Building C object CMakeFiles/testAdd.dir/main.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable testAdd
[100%] Built target testAdd

[[email protected] test2]# ./testAdd
sum = 8 !

例3：动态库编译(.so)

1.写源文件sub.c 头文件sub.h 建文件CMakeLists.txt 写此文件
CMakeLists.txt :

  1 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
  2 project(directory_test)
  3 #set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)
  4 
  5 #Bring the headers, such as Student.h into the project
  6 include_directories(include)
  7 
  8 #However, the file(GLOB...) allows for wildcard additions:
  9 file(GLOB SOURCES "/root/0706/cmakelearn/test3/*.c")
 10 
 11 #Generate the shared library from the sources
 12 add_library(testsub SHARED ${SOURCES})
 13 
 14 #Set the location for library installation -- i.e., /usr/lib in this case
 15 # not really necessary in this example. Use "sudo make install" to apply
 16 install(TARGETS testsub DESTINATION /usr/lib)

sub.c

  1 int sub(int a,int b)
  2 {
  3     return a-b;
  4 }

sub.h

  1 extern int sub(int a, int b);

2.用cmake生成Makefile文件

[[email protected] test3]# cmake .
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/0706/cmakelearn/test3

3.make编译程序

[[email protected] test3]# make
Scanning dependencies of target testsub
[ 33%] Building C object CMakeFiles/testsub.dir/main.c.o
[ 66%] Building C object CMakeFiles/testsub.dir/sub.c.o
[100%] Linking C shared library libtestsub.so
[100%] Built target testsub

生成libtestsub.so

[[email protected] test3]# ls
CMakeCache.txt  cmake_install.cmake libtestsub.so  Makefile  sub.h
CMakeFiles      CMakeLists.txt       main.c         sub.c

例4：静态库编译 (.a)

只需将add_library中的 SHARED 改为 STATIC

  1 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
  2 project(directory_test)
  3 #set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)
  4 
  5 #Bring the headers, such as Student.h into the project
  6 include_directories(include)
  7 
  8 #However, the file(GLOB...) allows for wildcard additions:
  9 file(GLOB SOURCES "/root/0706/cmakelearn/test3/*.c")
 10 
 11 #Generate the shared library from the sources
 12 add_library(testsub STATIC ${SOURCES})
 13 
 14 #Set the location for library installation -- i.e., /usr/lib in this case
 15 # not really necessary in this example. Use "sudo make install" to apply
 16 install(TARGETS testsub DESTINATION /usr/lib)

生成libtestsub.a

[[email protected] test3]# cmake .
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/0706/cmakelearn/test3
[[email protected] test3]# make
Scanning dependencies of target testsub
[ 33%] Building C object CMakeFiles/testsub.dir/main.c.o
[ 66%] Building C object CMakeFiles/testsub.dir/sub.c.o
[100%] Linking C static library libtestsub.a
[100%] Built target testsub

[[email protected] test3]# ls
CMakeCache.txt  cmake_install.cmake  libtestsub.a   main.c    sub.c
CMakeFiles      CMakeLists.txt       libtestsub.so  Makefile  sub.h

在运行make install 之后，安装在了指定目录 /usr/lib/libtestsub.a

[[email protected] test3]# make install
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/0706/cmakelearn/test3
[100%] Built target testsub
Install the project...
-- Install configuration: ""
-- Installing: /usr/lib/libtestsub.a

例5：使用静态库或动态库

CMakeLists.txt 文件

  1 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
  2 project (TestLibrary)
  3 
  4 #For the shared library:
  5 set ( PROJECT_LINK_LIBS libtestsub.so )
  6 link_directories( ~/root/0706/cmakelearn/test3 )
  7 
  8 #For the static library:
  9 #set ( PROJECT_LINK_LIBS libtestStudent.a )
 10 #link_directories( ~/exploringBB/extras/cmake/test3 )
 11 
 12 include_directories(~/root/0706/cmakelearn/test3)
 13 
 14 add_executable(libsub sub.c)
 15 target_link_libraries(libsub ${PROJECT_LINK_LIBS} )
 16

[[email protected] test3]# cmake .
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/0706/cmakelearn/test3

输出运行结果：

[[email protected] test3]# make
Scanning dependencies of target libsub
[ 50%] Building C object CMakeFiles/libsub.dir/sub.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable libsub
[100%] Built target libsub
[[email protected] test3]# ./libsub
sub = 5.

linux开发工具 gcc gdb Makefile Cmake

目录

作业

作业1 编译器三级优化分别优化了什么？

作业2 总结gcc静态库和动态库的制作步骤

作业3 总结Cmake使用

例1:Hello World

例2: 包含目录结构的项目

例3：动态库编译(.so)

例4：静态库编译 (.a)

例5：使用静态库或动态库

linux开发工具 gcc gdb Makefile Cmake

【视频】Linux高级程序设计01.1开发工具及gcc gdb

【Linux】GCC程序开发工具(上)

Linux开发工具——vim gcc gdb

【Linux】GCC程序开发工具(中)

荐韦东山2440_第一期学习笔记_009_arm_linux_gcc和makefile

Linux环境开发工具（2）gdb调试工具+Makefile自动化构建工具

荐韦东山2440_第一期学习笔记_009_arm_linux_gcc和makefile

【Linux】GCC程序开发工具(下)

linux开发工具 gcc gdb Makefile Cmake

目录

作业

作业1 编译器三级优化分别优化了什么？

作业2 总结gcc静态库和动态库的制作步骤

作业3 总结Cmake使用

例1:Hello World

例2: 包含目录结构的项目

例3：动态库编译(.so)

例4：静态库编译 (.a)

例5：使用静态库或动态库

linux开发工具 gcc gdb Makefile Cmake

【视频】Linux高级程序设计01.1开发工具及gcc gdb

【Linux】GCC程序开发工具(上)

Linux开发工具——vim gcc gdb

【Linux】GCC程序开发工具(中)

荐 韦东山2440_第一期学习笔记_009_arm_linux_gcc和makefile

Linux环境开发工具（2）gdb调试工具+Makefile自动化构建工具

荐 韦东山2440_第一期学习笔记_009_arm_linux_gcc和makefile

【Linux】GCC程序开发工具(下)

荐韦东山2440_第一期学习笔记_009_arm_linux_gcc和makefile

荐韦东山2440_第一期学习笔记_009_arm_linux_gcc和makefile