使用手动配置的方式开发第一个Struts项目的步骤以及实例
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2022-07-01 09:14:25
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一 先创建一个web工程
二 引入struts的开发包到项目
三 编写login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<form action="/strutslogin/login.do" method="post">
u:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
p:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="login">
</form>
</body>
</html>
四 编写ActonForm（用户表单）和Action（登录小队长）
package com.cakin.forms;
//这是一个用户表单，用于填充数据的
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
public class UserForm extends ActionForm {
//定义属性【属性名应该和jsp页面的控件名称一致】
//如果有人提出疑问：表单名字是不是一定要和控件名称一样？不一定，但要保证get和set方法的名字和
//控件名称一致
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
package com.cakin.actions;
//这是一个action（表示小队长，需要继承Action）
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import com.cakin.forms.UserForm;
public class LoginAction extends Action {
//我们需要重新编写一个方法：execute会被自动调用，有点类似servlet的service方法。
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
//把form转成对应的UserForm对象
UserForm userForm=(UserForm)form;
//简单验证
if("123".equals(userForm.getPassword())){
return mapping.findForward("ok");
}
else{
return mapping.findForward("err");
}
}
}
五 编写struts-config.xml文件，该文件用于配置action actionForm以及对应关系，跳转位置，一般放在/WEB-INF目录下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">;
<struts-config>
<!-- 配置表单 -->
<form-beans>
<!-- name是表单名字，可以随意写，但我们建议取名规范，表单为类名小写 -->
<!-- type用于指定表单类全路径 -->
<form-bean name="userForm" type="com.cakin.forms.UserForm"></form-bean>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<!-- name用于关联某个表单-->
<!-- type用于指定该action类全路径-->
<action path="/login" name="userForm" type="com.cakin.actions.LoginAction">
<!-- 这里配置跳转关系-->
<!--name表示结果名称 path：转发到哪个页面 -->
<forward name="ok" path="/WEB-INF/wel.jsp"></forward>
<forward name="err" path="/WEB-INF/err.jsp"></forward>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
六 写出welcome.jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'wel.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
welcome <br>
</body>
</html>
七 配置web.xml中的ActionServlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"; xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"; version="2.5" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd";>
<display-name />
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置struts-config.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
八 测试
