Elasticsearch Java高级客户端
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2022-06-30 13:46:43
1. 概述 Java REST Client 有两种风格： Java Low Level REST Client ：用于Elasticsearch的官方低级客户端。它允许通过http与Elasticsearch集群通信。将请求编排和响应反编排留给用户自己处理。它兼容所有的Elasticsearch版 ......
1. 概述
java rest client 有两种风格：
- java low level rest client ：用于elasticsearch的官方低级客户端。它允许通过http与elasticsearch集群通信。将请求编排和响应反编排留给用户自己处理。它兼容所有的elasticsearch版本。（ps：学过webservice的话，对编排与反编排这个概念应该不陌生。可以理解为对请求参数的封装，以及对响应结果的解析）
- java high level rest client ：用于elasticsearch的官方高级客户端。它是基于低级客户端的，它提供很多api，并负责请求的编排与响应的反编排。（ps：就好比是，一个是传自己拼接好的字符串，并且自己解析返回的结果；而另一个是传对象，返回的结果也已经封装好了，直接是对象，更加规范了参数的名称以及格式，更加面对对象一点）
（ps：所谓低级与高级，我觉得一个很形象的比喻是，面向过程编程与面向对象编程）
在 elasticsearch 7.0 中不建议使用transportclient，并且在8.0中会完全删除transportclient。因此，官方更建议我们用java high level rest client，它执行http请求，而不是序列号的java请求。既然如此，这里就直接用高级了。
2. java high level rest client （高级rest客户端）
2.1. maven仓库
<dependency>
<groupid>org.elasticsearch.client</groupid>
<artifactid>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactid>
<version>6.5.4</version>
</dependency>
2.2. 依赖
- org.elasticsearch.client:elasticsearch-rest-client
- org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch
2.3. 初始化
resthighlevelclient client = new resthighlevelclient(
restclient.builder(
new httphost("localhost", 9200, "http"),
new httphost("localhost", 9201, "http")));
高级客户端内部会创建低级客户端用于基于提供的builder执行请求。低级客户端维护一个连接池，并启动一些线程，因此当你用完以后应该关闭高级客户端，并且在内部它将会关闭低级客户端，以释放这些资源。关闭客户端可以使用close()方法：
client.close();
2.4. 文档api
2.4.1. 添加文档
indexrequest
indexrequest request = new indexrequest("posts", "doc", "1");
string jsonstring = "{\"user\":\"kimchy\",\"postdate\":\"2013-01-30\",\"message\":\"trying out elasticsearch\"}";
request.source(jsonstring, xcontenttype.json);
提供文档source的方式还有很多，比如：
通过map的方式提供文档source
通过xcontentbuilder方式提供source
通过object的方式（键值对）提供source
可选参数
同步执行
异步执行
你也可以异步执行 indexrequest，为此你需要指定一个监听器来处理这个异步响应结果：
一个典型的监听器看起来是这样的：
indexresponse
如果有版本冲突，将会抛出elasticsearchexception
同样的异常也有可能发生在当optype设置为create的时候，且相同索引、相同类型、相同id的文档已经存在时。例如：
2.4.2. 查看文档
get request
可选参数
同步执行
异步执行
get response
当索引不存在，或者指定的文档的版本不存在时，响应状态吗是404，并且抛出elasticsearchexception
2.4.3. 文档是否存在
2.4.4. 删除文档
delete request
可选参数
同添加
2.5. 搜索api
search request
基本格式是这样的：
大多数查询参数被添加到 searchsourcebuilder
可选参数
searchsourcebuilder
控制检索行为的大部分选项都可以在searchsourcebuilder中设置。下面是一个常见选项的例子：
在这个例子中，我们首先创建了一个searchsourcebuilder对象，并且带着默认选项。然后设置了一个term查询，接着设置检索的位置和数量，最后设置超时时间
在设置完这些选项以后，我们只需要把searchsourcebuilder加入到searchrequest中即可
构建query
用querybuilder来创建serarch query。querybuilder支持elasticsearch dsl中每一种query
例如：
还可以通过querybuilders工具类来创建querybuilder对象，例如：
无论是用哪种方式创建，最后一定要把querybuilder添加到searchsourcebuilder中
排序
searchsourcebuilder 可以添加一个或多个 sortbuilder
sortbuilder有四种实现：fieldsortbuilder、geodistancesortbuilder、scoresortbuilder、scriptsortbuilder
聚集函数
同步执行
异步执行
从查询响应中取出文档
3. 示例
3.1. 准备数据
3.1.1. 安装ik分词器插件
./bin/elasticsearch-plugin install https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v6.5.4/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.5.4.zip
3.1.2. 创建索引
curl -x put "localhost:9200/book" -h 'content-type: application/json' -d'
{
"mappings":{
"_doc":{
"properties":{
"id":{
"type":"integer"
},
"name":{
"type":"text",
"analyzer":"ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer":"ik_max_word"
},
"author":{
"type":"text",
"analyzer":"ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer":"ik_max_word"
},
"category":{
"type":"integer"
},
"price":{
"type":"double"
},
"status":{
"type":"short"
},
"sellreason":{
"type":"text",
"analyzer":"ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer":"ik_max_word"
},
"selltime":{
"type":"date",
"format":"yyyy-mm-dd"
}
}
}
}
}
'
3.1.3. 数据预览
3.2. 示例代码
3.2.1. 完整的pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
<parent>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid>
<version>2.1.1.release</version>
<relativepath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupid>com.cjs.example</groupid>
<artifactid>elasticsearch-demo</artifactid>
<version>0.0.1-snapshot</version>
<name>elasticsearch-demo</name>
<description></description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.elasticsearch.client</groupid>
<artifactid>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactid>
<version>6.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
<artifactid>commons-lang3</artifactid>
<version>3.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>
<artifactid>fastjson</artifactid>
<version>1.2.54</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>ch.qos.logback</groupid>
<artifactid>logback-core</artifactid>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
<artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactid>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.2.2. 配置
package com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.config;
import org.apache.http.httphost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.restclient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.resthighlevelclient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;
/**
* @author chengjiansheng
* @date 2019-01-07
*/
@configuration
public class elasticsearchclientconfig {
@bean
public resthighlevelclient resthighlevelclient() {
resthighlevelclient client = new resthighlevelclient(
restclient.builder(
new httphost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
return client;
}
}
3.2.3. domain
package com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.model;
import lombok.data;
import java.io.serializable;
/**
* 图书
* @author chengjiansheng
* @date 2019-01-07
*/
@data
public class bookmodel implements serializable {
private integer id; // 图书id
private string name; // 图书名称
private string author; // 作者
private integer category; // 图书分类
private double price; // 图书价格
private string sellreason; // 上架理由
private string selltime; // 上架时间
private integer status; // 状态（1：可售，0：不可售）
}
3.2.4. controller
package com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.json;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.common.baseresult;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.common.page;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.model.bookmodel;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.vo.bookrequestvo;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.service.bookservice;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
/**
* 文档操作
* @author chengjiansheng
* @date 2019-01-07
*/
@slf4j
@restcontroller
@requestmapping("/book")
public class bookcontroller {
@autowired
private bookservice bookservice;
/**
* 列表分页查询
*/
@getmapping("/list")
public baseresult list(bookrequestvo bookrequestvo) {
page<bookmodel> page = bookservice.list(bookrequestvo);
if (null == page) {
return baseresult.error();
}
return baseresult.ok(page);
}
/**
* 查看文档
*/
@getmapping("/detail")
public baseresult detail(integer id) {
if (null == id) {
return baseresult.error("id不能为空");
}
bookmodel book = bookservice.detail(id);
return baseresult.ok(book);
}
/**
* 添加文档
*/
@postmapping("/add")
public baseresult add(@requestbody bookmodel bookmodel) {
bookservice.save(bookmodel);
log.info("插入文档成功！请求参数: {}", json.tojsonstring(bookmodel));
return baseresult.ok();
}
/**
* 修改文档
*/
@postmapping("/update")
public baseresult update(@requestbody bookmodel bookmodel) {
integer id = bookmodel.getid();
if (null == id) {
return baseresult.error("id不能为空");
}
bookmodel book = bookservice.detail(id);
if (null == book) {
return baseresult.error("记录不存在");
}
bookservice.update(bookmodel);
log.info("更新文档成功！请求参数: {}", json.tojsonstring(bookmodel));
return baseresult.ok();
}
/**
* 删除文档
*/
@getmapping("/delete")
public baseresult delete(integer id) {
if (null == id) {
return baseresult.error("id不能为空");
}
bookservice.delete(id);
return baseresult.ok();
}
}
3.2.5. service
package com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.json;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.common.page;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.model.bookmodel;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.domain.vo.bookrequestvo;
import com.cjs.example.elasticsearch.service.bookservice;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.stringutils;
import org.elasticsearch.action.actionlistener;
import org.elasticsearch.action.docwriteresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.deleterequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.deleteresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.getrequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.getresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.indexrequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.indexresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.searchrequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.searchresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.replication.replicationresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.updaterequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.updateresponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.requestoptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.resthighlevelclient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.timevalue;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.boolquerybuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.querybuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.rest.reststatus;
import org.elasticsearch.search.searchhit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.searchhits;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.searchsourcebuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.fieldsortbuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.sortorder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
import org.springframework.util.collectionutils;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.collectors;
/**
* @author chengjiansheng
* @date 2019-01-07
*/
@slf4j
@service
public class bookserviceimpl implements bookservice {
private static final string index_name = "book";
private static final string index_type = "_doc";
@autowired
private resthighlevelclient client;
@override
public page<bookmodel> list(bookrequestvo bookrequestvo) {
int pageno = bookrequestvo.getpageno();
int pagesize = bookrequestvo.getpagesize();
searchsourcebuilder sourcebuilder = new searchsourcebuilder();
sourcebuilder.from(pageno - 1);
sourcebuilder.size(pagesize);
sourcebuilder.sort(new fieldsortbuilder("id").order(sortorder.asc));
// sourcebuilder.query(querybuilders.matchallquery());
boolquerybuilder boolquerybuilder = querybuilders.boolquery();
if (stringutils.isnotblank(bookrequestvo.getname())) {
boolquerybuilder.must(querybuilders.matchquery("name", bookrequestvo.getname()));
}
if (stringutils.isnotblank(bookrequestvo.getauthor())) {
boolquerybuilder.must(querybuilders.matchquery("author", bookrequestvo.getauthor()));
}
if (null != bookrequestvo.getstatus()) {
boolquerybuilder.must(querybuilders.termquery("status", bookrequestvo.getstatus()));
}
if (stringutils.isnotblank(bookrequestvo.getselltime())) {
boolquerybuilder.must(querybuilders.termquery("selltime", bookrequestvo.getselltime()));
}
if (stringutils.isnotblank(bookrequestvo.getcategories())) {
string[] categoryarr = bookrequestvo.getcategories().split(",");
list<integer> categorylist = arrays.aslist(categoryarr).stream().map(e->integer.valueof(e)).collect(collectors.tolist());
boolquerybuilder categoryboolquerybuilder = querybuilders.boolquery();
for (integer category : categorylist) {
categoryboolquerybuilder.should(querybuilders.termquery("category", category));
}
boolquerybuilder.must(categoryboolquerybuilder);
}
sourcebuilder.query(boolquerybuilder);
searchrequest searchrequest = new searchrequest();
searchrequest.indices(index_name);
searchrequest.source(sourcebuilder);
try {
searchresponse searchresponse = client.search(searchrequest, requestoptions.default);
reststatus reststatus = searchresponse.status();
if (reststatus != reststatus.ok) {
return null;
}
list<bookmodel> list = new arraylist<>();
searchhits searchhits = searchresponse.gethits();
for (searchhit hit : searchhits.gethits()) {
string source = hit.getsourceasstring();
bookmodel book = json.parseobject(source, bookmodel.class);
list.add(book);
}
long totalhits = searchhits.gettotalhits();
page<bookmodel> page = new page<>(pageno, pagesize, totalhits, list);
timevalue took = searchresponse.gettook();
log.info("查询成功！请求参数: {}, 用时{}毫秒", searchrequest.source().tostring(), took.millis());
return page;
} catch (ioexception e) {
log.error("查询失败！原因: {}", e.getmessage(), e);
}
return null;
}
@override
public void save(bookmodel bookmodel) {
map<string, object> jsonmap = new hashmap<>();
jsonmap.put("id", bookmodel.getid());
jsonmap.put("name", bookmodel.getname());
jsonmap.put("author", bookmodel.getauthor());
jsonmap.put("category", bookmodel.getcategory());
jsonmap.put("price", bookmodel.getprice());
jsonmap.put("selltime", bookmodel.getselltime());
jsonmap.put("sellreason", bookmodel.getsellreason());
jsonmap.put("status", bookmodel.getstatus());
indexrequest indexrequest = new indexrequest(index_name, index_type, string.valueof(bookmodel.getid()));
indexrequest.source(jsonmap);
client.indexasync(indexrequest, requestoptions.default, new actionlistener<indexresponse>() {
@override
public void onresponse(indexresponse indexresponse) {
string index = indexresponse.getindex();
string type = indexresponse.gettype();
string id = indexresponse.getid();
long version = indexresponse.getversion();
log.info("index: {}, type: {}, id: {}, version: {}", index, type, id, version);
if (indexresponse.getresult() == docwriteresponse.result.created) {
log.info("写入文档");
} else if (indexresponse.getresult() == docwriteresponse.result.updated) {
log.info("修改文档");
}
replicationresponse.shardinfo shardinfo = indexresponse.getshardinfo();
if (shardinfo.gettotal() != shardinfo.getsuccessful()) {
log.warn("部分分片写入成功");
}
if (shardinfo.getfailed() > 0) {
for (replicationresponse.shardinfo.failure failure : shardinfo.getfailures()) {
string reason = failure.reason();
log.warn("失败原因: {}", reason);
}
}
}
@override
public void onfailure(exception e) {
log.error(e.getmessage(), e);
}
});
}
@override
public void update(bookmodel bookmodel) {
map<string, object> jsonmap = new hashmap<>();
jsonmap.put("sellreason", bookmodel.getsellreason());
updaterequest request = new updaterequest(index_name, index_type, string.valueof(bookmodel.getid()));
request.doc(jsonmap);
try {
updateresponse updateresponse = client.update(request, requestoptions.default);
} catch (ioexception e) {
log.error("更新失败！原因: {}", e.getmessage(), e);
}
}
@override
public void delete(int id) {
deleterequest request = new deleterequest(index_name, index_type, string.valueof(id));
try {
deleteresponse deleteresponse = client.delete(request, requestoptions.default);
if (deleteresponse.status() == reststatus.ok) {
log.info("删除成功！id: {}", id);
}
} catch (ioexception e) {
log.error("删除失败！原因: {}", e.getmessage(), e);
}
}
@override
public bookmodel detail(int id) {
getrequest getrequest = new getrequest(index_name, index_type, string.valueof(id));
try {
getresponse getresponse = client.get(getrequest, requestoptions.default);
if (getresponse.isexists()) {
string source = getresponse.getsourceasstring();
bookmodel book = json.parseobject(source, bookmodel.class);
return book;
}
} catch (ioexception e) {
log.error("查看失败！原因: {}", e.getmessage(), e);
}
return null;
}
}
3.2.6. 页面
<!doctype html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>图书列表</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/bootstrap-4/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/bootstrap-table/bootstrap-table.css">
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bootstrap-4/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="/bootstrap-table/bootstrap-table.js"></script>
<script src="/bootstrap-table/locale/bootstrap-table-zh-cn.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
$('#table').bootstraptable({
url: '/book/list',
method: 'get',
sidepagination: 'server',
responsehandler: function(res) { // 加载服务器数据之前的处理程序，可以用来格式化数据。参数：res为从服务器请求到的数据。
var result = {};
result.total = res.data.totalcount;
result.rows = res.data.pagelist;
return result;
},
pagination: true,
pagesize: 3, // 初始pagesize
queryparams: function(params) {
var req = {
pagesize: params.limit,
pageno: params.offset + 1
};
return req;
},
striped: true,
search: true,
columns: [{
field: 'id',
title: 'id'
}, {
field: 'name',
title: '名称'
}, {
field: 'author',
title: '作者'
}, {
field: 'price',
title: '单价'
}, {
field: 'selltime',
title: '上架时间'
}, {
field: 'status',
title: '状态',
formatter: function(value) {
if (value == 1) {
return '<span style="color: green">可售</span>';
} else {
return '<span style="color: red">不可售</span>';
}
}
}, {
field: 'category',
title: '分类',
formatter: function(value) {
if (value == 10010) {
return '中国当代小说';
} else if (value == 10011) {
return '武侠小说';
} else if (value == 10012) {
return '爱情小说';
} else if (value == 10013) {
return '中国当代随笔';
}
}
}, {
field: 'sellreason',
title: '上架理由'
}, {
title: '操作',
formatter: function() {
return '<a href="#">修改</a> <a href="#">删除</a>';
}
}
]
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="table-responsive" style="padding: 10px 30px">
<table id="table" class="table text-nowrap"></table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3.3. 演示
重点演示几个查询
返回结果：
{
"code": 200,
"success": true,
"msg": "success",
"data": {
"pagenumber": 1,
"pagesize": 10,
"totalcount": 2,
"pagelist": [
{
"id": 2,
"name": "倚天屠龙记（全四册）",
"author": "金庸",
"category": 10011,
"price": 70.4,
"sellreason": "武林至尊，宝刀屠龙，号令天下，莫敢不从。",
"selltime": "2018-11-11",
"status": 1
},
{
"id": 3,
"name": "神雕侠侣",
"author": "金庸",
"category": 10011,
"price": 70,
"sellreason": "风陵渡口初相遇，一见杨过误终身",
"selltime": "2018-11-11",
"status": 1
}
]
}
}
上面的查询对应的elasticsearch dsl是这样的：
{
"from":0,
"size":10,
"query":{
"bool":{
"must":[
{
"match":{
"author":{
"query":"金庸",
"operator":"or",
"prefix_length":0,
"max_expansions":50,
"fuzzy_transpositions":true,
"lenient":false,
"zero_terms_query":"none",
"auto_generate_synonyms_phrase_query":true,
"boost":1
}
}
},
{
"term":{
"status":{
"value":1,
"boost":1
}
}
},
{
"bool":{
"should":[
{
"term":{
"category":{
"value":10010,
"boost":1
}
}
},
{
"term":{
"category":{
"value":10011,
"boost":1
}
}
},
{
"term":{
"category":{
"value":10012,
"boost":1
}
}
}
],
"adjust_pure_negative":true,
"boost":1
}
}
],
"adjust_pure_negative":true,
"boost":1
}
},
"sort":[
{
"id":{
"order":"asc"
}
}
]
}
3.4. 工程结构
4. 参考
5. 其它相关
下一篇： Java8 方法引用
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