Centos7.5 minimal系统安装VNC

环境配置

环境配置操作都是在root用户下进行的：

• 更新系统

yum upgrade -y

• 更新安装依赖环境，否则后面安装图形界面时会报错check error: file /boot/efi/EFI/centos from install of fwupdate-efi-12-5.e17.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package grub2-common-1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch

yum update grub2-common
yum install fwupdate-efi

• 安装图形化界面

yum -y groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" "Graphical Administration Tools"

• 重启

reboot

为root用户配置VNC

当前用户为root用户

• 安装tigervnc-server

yum install -y tigervnc-server

我安装的版本号为：tigervnc-server.x86_64 0:1.8.0-22.el7

• 复制并重命名vnc启动文件至/etc/systemd/system/

[[email protected] ~]# cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service

• 设置root的VNC登录密码

[[email protected] ~]# vncpasswd

• 打开刚刚复制的文件

vi /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service

打开后是内容如下（未修改过）：

# The vncserver service unit file
#
# Quick HowTo:
# 1. Copy this file to /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]
# 2. Replace <USER> with the actual user name and edit vncserver
#    parameters in the wrapper script located in /usr/bin/vncserver_wrapper
# 3. Run `systemctl daemon-reload`
# 4. Run `systemctl enable [email protected]:<display>.service`
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, you should
# limit connections to the local host and then tunnel from
# the machine you want to view VNC on (host A) to the machine
# whose VNC output you want to view (host B)
#
# [[email protected] ~]$ ssh -v -C -L 590N:localhost:590M hostB
#
# this will open a connection on port 590N of your hostA to hostB's port 590M
# (in fact, it ssh-connects to hostB and then connects to localhost (on hostB).
# See the ssh man page for details on port forwarding)
#
# You can then point a VNC client on hostA at vncdisplay N of localhost and with
# the help of ssh, you end up seeing what hostB makes available on port 590M
#
# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.
#
# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.


[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple

# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver_wrapper <USER> %i
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

根据提示Replace <USER> with the actual user name只需要修改<USER>为root即可：

ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver_wrapper root %i

• 接着关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

• 启动vnc服务并查看状态

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start [email protected]:1.service
systemctl status [email protected]:1.service

开启成功：

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status [email protected]:1.service
● [email protected]:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-01-18 17:59:52 CST; 6s ago
  Process: 4691 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 4696 (vncserver_wrapp)
   CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/[email protected]:1.service
           ├─4696 /bin/sh /usr/bin/vncserver_wrapper root :1
           └─4919 sleep 0.1

• 设置开机自启动

systemctl enable [email protected]:1.service

• 如果需要修改分辨率的话，编辑config文件：

vi ~/.vnc/config

将geometry设置成你想要使用的分辨率：

## Supported server options to pass to vncserver upon invocation can be listed
## in this file. See the following manpages for more: vncserver(1) Xvnc(1).
## Several common ones are shown below. Uncomment and modify to your liking.
##
# securitytypes=vncauth,tlsvnc
# desktop=sandbox
geometry=1920x1080
# localhost
# alwaysshared

• 重启vnc服务：

systemctl restart [email protected]:1.service

为自定义用户配置VNC