R语言处理JSON文件的方法

json文件以人类可读格式将数据存储为文本。 json代表javascript object notation。 r可以使用rjson包读取json文件。

安装rjson包

在r语言控制台中，您可以发出以下命令来安装rjson包。

install.packages("rjson")

输入数据

通过将以下数据复制到文本编辑器（如记事本）中来创建json文件。 使用.json扩展名保存文件，并将文件类型选择为所有文件（*.*）。

{ 
   "id":["1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8" ],
   "name":["rick","dan","michelle","ryan","gary","nina","simon","guru" ],
   "salary":["623.3","515.2","611","729","843.25","578","632.8","722.5" ],
   
   "startdate":[ "1/1/2012","9/23/2013","11/15/2014","5/11/2014","3/27/2015","5/21/2013",
      "7/30/2013","6/17/2014"],
   "dept":[ "it","operations","it","hr","finance","it","operations","finance"]
}

读取json文件

json文件由r使用来自json()的函数读取。 它作为列表存储在r中。

# load the package required to read json files.
library("rjson")

# give the input file name to the function.
result <- fromjson(file = "input.json")

# print the result.
print(result)

当我们执行上面的代码，它产生以下结果

$id
[1] "1"   "2"   "3"   "4"   "5"   "6"   "7"   "8"

$name
[1] "rick"     "dan"      "michelle" "ryan"     "gary"     "nina"     "simon"    "guru"

$salary
[1] "623.3"  "515.2"  "611"    "729"    "843.25" "578"    "632.8"  "722.5"

$startdate
[1] "1/1/2012"   "9/23/2013"  "11/15/2014" "5/11/2014"  "3/27/2015"  "5/21/2013"
   "7/30/2013"  "6/17/2014"

$dept
[1] "it"         "operations" "it"         "hr"         "finance"    "it"
   "operations" "finance"

将json转换为数据帧

我们可以使用as.data.frame()函数将上面提取的数据转换为r语言数据帧以进行进一步分析。

# load the package required to read json files.
library("rjson")

# give the input file name to the function.
result <- fromjson(file = "input.json")

# convert json file to a data frame.
json_data_frame <- as.data.frame(result)

print(json_data_frame)

当我们执行上面的代码，它产生以下结果

      id,   name,    salary,   start_date,     dept
1      1    rick     623.30    2012-01-01      it
2      2    dan      515.20    2013-09-23      operations
3      3    michelle 611.00    2014-11-15      it
4      4    ryan     729.00    2014-05-11      hr
5     na    gary     843.25    2015-03-27      finance
6      6    nina     578.00    2013-05-21      it
7      7    simon    632.80    2013-07-30      operations
8      8    guru     722.50    2014-06-17      finance

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