用Python实现定时备份Mongodb数据并上传到FTP服务器

实现的功能：在win7下，每天晚上1点，自动将 f:/data中所有文件进行压缩，以[mongodb+日期]命名，将压缩好的文件存储在本地目录 f:\mongodbdata\，然后将这个压缩好的文件上传到ftp://192.168.0.101/mongodbup/目录下

分三步：

第一步：搭建ftp服务器，配置好ftp环境。 第二步：用python编写压缩文件并实现ftp上传的脚本第三步：使用win7自带的任务计划程序定时执行python脚本

1. 环境

python：3.6.1python ide：pycharm系统：win7

2. 搭建ftp服务器，配置好ftp环境

2.1. 启用ftp和iis服务器

 

注意：要全部展开，勾选上。

2.2. 添加ftp服务器

2.3. 设置参数

2.4. 设置成功，访问

3. 用python编写压缩文件并实现ftp上传的脚本

3.1. import包：

# python3.6.1
import zipfile
import os
import datetime
from ftplib import ftp

3.2. 定义配置信息：

# 定义配置信息
srcfolder = r"f:\data"       # 被压缩的源数据，文件夹形式
desfolder = r'f:\mongodbdata\\'   # 压缩好的数据临时存放的位置
ftp_url = "192.168.0.101"      # ftp服务器地址
ftp_port = 21            # ftp服务端口号
ftpuploadfolder = "mongodbup"    # 压缩数据在ftp服务器上存放的位置

3.3. 压缩数据源（文件夹）：

# 压缩文件夹
def zipfolder(srcfolder, desfolder, date):
  '''
  :param srcfolder: 被压缩的源数据位置
  :param desfolder: 压缩之后文件的存放路径
  :param date: 执行压缩的当前时间，datetime产生(ext:2017-08-16 14:56:40.872613)
  :return: 压缩文件的路径
  '''
  starttime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"enter func zipfolder, time:{starttime}")
  desname = f"{desfolder}mongodb{date.year}{date.month}{date.day}.zip"

  # 检查是否已经压缩过了
  if os.path.exists(desname):
    endtime = datetime.datetime.now()
    print(f"already exsist, leave func zipfolder, time:{endtime}, usedtime:{endtime-starttime}")
    return desname

  z = zipfile.zipfile(desname, 'w', zipfile.zip_deflated)
  for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(srcfolder):
    print(f"dirpath:{dirpath}, dirnames:{dirnames}, filenames:{filenames}")
    for filename in filenames:
      try:
        # mongodb在运行时，有几个关于lock的文件无法压缩，为了避免程序终止，忽略这几个文件
        z.write(os.path.join(dirpath, filename))
      except exception as e:
        print(f"except: {e}, cannot zip file: {dirpath}{filename}")
  z.close()
  endtime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"zip done, leave func zipfolder, time:{endtime}, usedtime:{endtime-starttime}")
  return desname

3.4. 文件上传到ftp服务器上：

# 上传文件至ftp服务器
def ftpupload(filename, folder, ftp_url, ftp_port):
  '''
  :param filename: 待上传文件路径
  :param folder: 文件上传至ftp服务器上的存储目录
  :param ftp_url: ftp服务器ip
  :param ftp_port: 端口号,默认为21
  :return: status code
  '''
  starttime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"enter func ftpupload, time:{starttime}")
  ftp = ftp()
  ftp.set_debuglevel(2)          # set debug level, detail info:2, close:0
  ftp.connect(ftp_url, ftp_port)
  ftp.login('', '')            # 登录,如果匿名登录则用空串代替
  print(ftp.getwelcome())         # ext: *welcome* '220 microsoft ftp service'
  ftp.cwd(folder)             # change to a directory on ftp server
  bufsize = 1024             # 设置缓冲块大小
  file_handler = open(filename, 'rb')   # 读模式在本地打开文件
  res = -1
  try:
    # 为了避免程序终止，忽略可能出现的错误
    res = ftp.storbinary(f"stor {os.path.basename(filename)}", file_handler, bufsize) # upload file
  except exception as e:
    print(f"except: {e}, cannot upload file: {ftp_url}:{ftp_port} {filename}")
  finally:
    ftp.set_debuglevel(0)          # 关闭debug信息
    file_handler.close()
    ftp.quit()
  endtime = datetime.datetime.now()
  print(f"upload done, leave func ftpupload, time:{endtime}, usedtime:{endtime-starttime}")
  return res

3.5. 主程序：

# main
backuptime = datetime.datetime.now()
zip_des_name = zipfolder(srcfolder, desfolder, backuptime)
print(zip_des_name)
ftp_res = ftpupload(zip_des_name, ftpuploadfolder, ftp_url, ftp_port)
print(f"ftp_res: {ftp_res}")

4. 使用win7自带的任务计划程序定时执行python脚本

位置：开始 ——> 附件 ——> 系统工具 ——> 任务计划程序

不需要时，右键——>删除任务 即可

5. 效果

5.1. 本地生成的压缩文件

5.2. 上传至ftp服务器的压缩文件

5.3. 详细信息-性能-时间

日志信息：

源文件data总共8.7g，压缩后5.3g，压缩时间20m，局域网内上传时间18m。

e:\miniconda\python.exe e:/pycharmcode/justtest/bak.py
enter func zipfolder, time:2017-08-16 19:48:39.331200
dirpath:f:\data, dirnames:['diagnostic.data', 'journal'], filenames:['collection-0--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-102--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-104--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-106--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-108--394122179086539486.wt'], '_mdb_catalog.wt']
except: [errno 13] permission denied: 'f:\\data\\mongod.lock', cannot zip file: f:\datamongod.lock
except: [errno 13] permission denied, cannot zip file: f:\datawiredtiger.lock
dirpath:f:\data\diagnostic.data, dirnames:[], filenames:['metrics.2017-08-04t07-04-29z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-05t10-47-22z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-06t14-52-22z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-07t18-17-22z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-15t06-09-26z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-16t09-51-29z-00000']
dirpath:f:\data\journal, dirnames:[], filenames:['wiredtigerlog.0000000247', 'wiredtigerpreplog.0000000006', 'wiredtigerpreplog.0000000007', 'wiredtigerpreplog.0000000008']
zip done, leave func zipfolder, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200, usedtime:0:19:43.397000
f:\mongodbdata\\mongodb2017816.zip
enter func ftpupload, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200
*get* '220 microsoft ftp service\n'
*resp* '220 microsoft ftp service'
*cmd* 'user anonymous'
*put* 'user anonymous\r\n'
*get* '331 anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.\n'
*resp* '331 anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.'
*cmd* 'pass **********'
*put* 'pass **********\r\n'
*get* '230 user logged in.\n'
*resp* '230 user logged in.'
*welcome* '220 microsoft ftp service'
220 microsoft ftp service
*cmd* 'cwd mongodbup'
*put* 'cwd mongodbup\r\n'
*get* '250 cwd command successful.\n'
*resp* '250 cwd command successful.'
*cmd* 'type i'
*put* 'type i\r\n'
*get* '200 type set to i.\n'
*resp* '200 type set to i.'
*cmd* 'pasv'
*put* 'pasv\r\n'
*get* '227 entering passive mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).\n'
*resp* '227 entering passive mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).'
*cmd* 'stor mongodb2017816.zip'
*put* 'stor mongodb2017816.zip\r\n'
*get* '125 data connection already open; transfer starting.\n'
*resp* '125 data connection already open; transfer starting.'
*get* '226 transfer complete.\n'
*resp* '226 transfer complete.'
upload done, leave func ftpupload, time:2017-08-16 20:26:20.125200, usedtime:0:17:57.397000
ftp_res: 226 transfer complete.

6. 注意事项

 6.1. ftp服务器ip地址变更处理

6.1.1. 第一步，修改ftp服务器站点配置。

6.1.2. 第二步，修改代码中ftp登录ip

ftp.connect("172.16.7.107", 21)

6.1.3. 出错信息 如果只是单纯按照6.1.2 修改登录ip，没有修改ftp服务器站点设置的话，将会出现如下莫名其妙的错误：

enter ftpupload
*get* ''
traceback (most recent call last):
 file "autobackupmongotest.py", line 64, in <module>
  ftp_res = ftpupload(zip_des_name, ftpuploadfolder)
 file "autobackupmongotest.py", line 42, in ftpupload
  ftp.connect('172.16.7.107', 21)
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 155, in connect
  self.welcome = self.getresp()
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 234, in getresp
  resp = self.getmultiline()
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 220, in getmultiline
  line = self.getline()
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 208, in getline
  raise eoferror
eoferror

或者是如下错误：

enter ftpupload
traceback (most recent call last):
 file "autobackupmongotest.py", line 63, in <module>
  ftp_res = ftpupload(zip_des_name, ftpuploadfolder)
 file "autobackupmongotest.py", line 41, in ftpupload
  ftp.connect("192.168.0.101", 21)
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 152, in connect
  source_address=self.source_address)
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\socket.py", line 722, in create_connection
  raise err
 file "e:\miniconda\lib\socket.py", line 713, in create_connection
  sock.connect(sa)
timeouterror: [winerror 10060] 由于连接方在一段时间后没有正确答复或连接的主机没
有反应，连接尝试失败。

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