golang的命令行程序开发

今天需要用golang写一个简单的命令行小工具，虽然标准库的flag包也能实现，但是实现起来有些麻烦，而且对多级子命令更不支持，于是在网上找了这几个spf13､cobra和urfave/cli等，我反正不需要太复杂的，对比了下感觉cli这个库看上去要相对简单一些，于是就用这个库开发了。

git库地址：

它有v1和v2版本，我用的是v2,文档地址是

直接安装

go get  github.com/urfave/cli/v2

代码实例

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"sort"
	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
)

func main() {

	app := &cli.app{
		name:"zc-web-deploy",
		usage:"项目打包平台",
		description:"项目打包平台,将打好的包上传至存储中心上面，运维人员作发布",
		commands: []*cli.command{
			{
				name:    "project",
				aliases: []string{"p"},
				usage:   "deploy project",
				subcommands:[]*cli.command{
					{
						name:    "init",
						aliases: []string{"i"},
						usage:   "init the project",
						action:  func(c *cli.context) error {
							project.initproject()
							return nil
						},
					},
					{
						name:    "build",
						aliases: []string{"b"},
						usage:   "build the project as tar to ftp",
						action:  func(c *cli.context) error {
							var (
								deployproject *common.deployproject
							)
							deployproject = &common.deployproject{
								domain:c.string("domain"),
								tag:c.string("tag"),
							}
							if deployproject.domain == "" || deployproject.tag == "" {
								fmt.println("构建的项目域名或tag不能为空")
								return nil
							}
							project.deploy(deployproject)
							return nil
						},
						flags: []cli.flag{
							&cli.stringflag{
								name:  "domain, d",
								value: "xxxx",
								usage: "指定工程的域名",
								required:true,
							},
							&cli.stringflag{
								name:  "tag, t",
								value: "release-tag",
								usage: "打包项目的git的tag发布版本号",
								required:true,
							},
						},
					},
					{
						name:    "list",
						aliases: []string{"ls"},
						usage:   "list the project",
						action:  func(c *cli.context) error {
							var (
								projectlist []string
								p string
							)
							projectlist = project.listproject()
							if len(projectlist) > 0 {
								for _, p = range projectlist {
									fmt.println(p)
								}
							} else {
								fmt.println("暂无项目，可以初始化建立project init")
							}
							return nil
						},
					},
				},
				action:  func(c *cli.context) error {
					fmt.println("请指定具体操作: init、ls、build或用 -h 查看命令")
					return nil
				},
			},
		},
	}

	sort.sort(cli.flagsbyname(app.flags))
	sort.sort(cli.commandsbyname(app.commands))

	err := app.run(os.args)
	if err != nil {
		log.fatal(err)
	}
}

输入下面的命令，看到project支持的子命令都看到了

$ go run main.go project -h
name:
   zc-web-deploy project - deploy project

usage:
   zc-web-deploy project command [command options] [arguments...]

commands:
   init, i   init the project
   build, b  build the project as tar to ftp
   list, ls  list the project
   help, h   shows a list of commands or help for one command

options:
   --help, -h  show help (default: false)

子命令输出

$ go run main.go project ls
xxx.com

总体来说，cli的使用还是不难的，填充 cli.app结构体自已需要的字段就行了，然后在action执行自已的业务逻辑。