使用three.js 绘制三维带箭头线的详细过程

需求：这个需求是个刚需啊！在一个地铁场景里展示逃生路线，这个路线肯定是要有指示箭头的，为了画这个箭头，我花了不少于十几个小时，总算做出来了，但始终有点问题。我对这个箭头的要求是，无论场景拉近还是拉远，这个箭头不能太大，也不能太小看不清，形状不能变化，否则就不像箭头了。

使用到了 three.js 的 line2.js 和一个开源库meshline.js

部分代码：

drawpath.js：

/**
 * 绘制路线
 */

import * as three from '../build/three.module.js';
import { meshline, meshlinematerial, meshlineraycast } from '../js.my/meshline.js';

import { line2 } from '../js/lines/line2.js';
import { linematerial } from '../js/lines/linematerial.js';
import { linegeometry } from '../js/lines/linegeometry.js';
import { geometryutils } from '../js/utils/geometryutils.js';

import { canvasdraw } from '../js.my/canvasdraw.js';

import { utils } from '../js.my/utils.js';
import { msg } from '../js.my/msg.js';

let drawpath = function () {

    let _self = this;

    let _canvasdraw = new canvasdraw();
    let utils = new utils();
    let msg = new msg();

    this._isdrawing = false;
    this._path = [];
    this._lines = [];
    this._arrows = [];

    let _depthtest = true;
    let _side = 0;

    let viewercontainerid = '#cc';
    let viewercontainer = $(viewercontainerid)[0];

    let objects;
    let camera;
    let turn;
    let scene;

    this.config = function (objects_, camera_, scene_, turn_) {
        objects = objects_;
        camera = camera_;
        turn = turn_;
        scene = scene_;

        this._olddistance = 1;
        this._oldcamerapos = { x: camera.position.x, y: camera.position.y, z: camera.position.z }
    }

    this.start = function () {
        if (!this._isdrawing) {
            this._isdrawing = true;
            viewercontainer.addeventlistener('click', ray);
            viewercontainer.addeventlistener('mousedown', mousedown);
            viewercontainer.addeventlistener('mouseup', mouseup);
        }
        msg.show("请点击地面画线");
    }

    this.stop = function () {
        if (this._isdrawing) {
            this._isdrawing = false;
            viewercontainer.removeeventlistener('click', ray);
            viewercontainer.addeventlistener('mousedown', mousedown);
            viewercontainer.addeventlistener('mouseup', mouseup);
        }
        msg.show("停止画线");
    }

    function mousedown(params) {
        this._mousedownposition = { x: camera.position.x, y: camera.position.y, z: camera.position.z }
    }

    function mouseup(params) {
        this._mouseupposition = { x: camera.position.x, y: camera.position.y, z: camera.position.z }
    }

    function ray(e) {
        turn.unfocusbutton();

        let raycaster = createraycaster(e.clientx, e.clienty);
        let intersects = raycaster.intersectobjects(objects.all);
        if (intersects.length > 0) {
            let point = intersects[0].point;

            let distance = utils.distance(this._mousedownposition.x, this._mousedownposition.y, this._mousedownposition.z, this._mouseupposition.x, this._mouseupposition.y, this._mouseupposition.z);

            if (distance < 5) {
                _self._path.push({ x: point.x, y: point.y + 50, z: point.z });

                if (_self._path.length > 1) {
                    let point1 = _self._path[_self._path.length - 2];
                    let point2 = _self._path[_self._path.length - 1];

                    drawline(point1, point2);
                    drawarrow(point1, point2);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    function createraycaster(clientx, clienty) {
        let x = (clientx / $(viewercontainerid).width()) * 2 - 1;
        let y = -(clienty / $(viewercontainerid).height()) * 2 + 1;

        let standardvector = new three.vector3(x, y, 0.5);

        let worldvector = standardvector.unproject(camera);

        let ray = worldvector.sub(camera.position).normalize();

        let raycaster = new three.raycaster(camera.position, ray);

        return raycaster;
    }

    this.refresh = function () {
        if (_self._path.length > 1) {
            let distance = utils.distance(this._oldcamerapos.x, this._oldcamerapos.y, this._oldcamerapos.z, camera.position.x, camera.position.y, camera.position.z);
            let ratio = 1;
            if (this._olddistance != 0) {
                ratio = math.abs((this._olddistance - distance) / this._olddistance)
            }

            if (distance > 5 && ratio > 0.1) {
                console.log("======== drawpath 刷新 ====================================================")
                for (let i = 0; i < _self._path.length - 1; i++) {
                    let arrow = _self._arrows[i];
                    let point1 = _self._path[i];
                    let point2 = _self._path[i + 1];
                    refresharrow(point1, point2, arrow);
                }
                this._olddistance = distance;
                this._oldcamerapos = { x: camera.position.x, y: camera.position.y, z: camera.position.z }
            }
        }
    }

    function drawline(point1, point2) {
        const positions = [];

        positions.push(point1.x / 50, point1.y / 50, point1.z / 50);
        positions.push(point2.x / 50, point2.y / 50, point2.z / 50);

        let geometry = new linegeometry();
        geometry.setpositions(positions);

        let matline = new linematerial({
            color: 0x009900,
            linewidth: 0.003, // in world units with size attenuation, pixels otherwise
            dashed: true,
            depthtest: _depthtest,
            side: _side
        });

        let line = new line2(geometry, matline);
        line.computelinedistances();
        line.scale.set(50, 50, 50);

        scene.add(line);
        _self._lines.push(line);

    }

    function drawarrow(point1, point2) {
        let arrowline = _self.createarrowline(point1, point2);
        var meshline = arrowline.meshline;

        let canvastexture = _canvasdraw.drawarrow(three, renderer, 300, 100); //箭头

        var material = new meshlinematerial({
            usemap: true,
            map: canvastexture,
            color: new three.color(0x00f300),
            opacity: 1,
            resolution: new three.vector2($(viewercontainerid).width(), $(viewercontainerid).height()),
            linewidth: arrowline.linewidth,
            depthtest: _depthtest,
            side: _side,
            repeat: new three.vector2(1, 1),
            transparent: true,
            sizeattenuation: 1
        });

        var mesh = new three.mesh(meshline.geometry, material);
        mesh.scale.set(50, 50, 50);
        scene.add(mesh);
        _self._arrows.push(mesh);

    }

    function refresharrow(point1, point2, arrow) {
        let arrowline = _self.createarrowline(point1, point2);
        var meshline = arrowline.meshline;

        let canvastexture = _canvasdraw.drawarrow(three, renderer, 300, 100); //箭头

        var material = new meshlinematerial({
            usemap: true,
            map: canvastexture,
            color: new three.color(0x00f300),
            opacity: 1,
            resolution: new three.vector2($(viewercontainerid).width(), $(viewercontainerid).height()),
            linewidth: arrowline.linewidth,
            depthtest: _depthtest,
            side: _side,
            repeat: new three.vector2(1, 1),
            transparent: true,
            sizeattenuation: 1
        });

        arrow.geometry = meshline.geometry;
        arrow.material = material;

    }

    this.createarrowline = function (point1, point2) {
        let centerpoint = { x: (point1.x + point2.x) / 2, y: (point1.y + point2.y) / 2, z: (point1.z + point2.z) / 2 };
        let distance = utils.distance(point1.x, point1.y, point1.z, point2.x, point2.y, point2.z);

        var startpos = { x: (point1.x + point2.x) / 2 / 50, y: (point1.y + point2.y) / 2 / 50, z: (point1.z + point2.z) / 2 / 50 }

        let d = utils.distance(centerpoint.x, centerpoint.y, centerpoint.z, camera.position.x, camera.position.y, camera.position.z);
        if (d < 2000) d = 2000;
        if (d > 10000) d = 10000;
        let linewidth = 100 * d / 4000;
        //console.log("d=", d);

        let sc = 0.035;
        var endpos = { x: startpos.x + (point2.x - point1.x) * sc * d / distance / 50, y: startpos.y + (point2.y - point1.y) * sc * d / distance / 50, z: startpos.z + (point2.z - point1.z) * sc * d / distance / 50 }

        var arrowlinepoints = [];
        arrowlinepoints.push(startpos.x, startpos.y, startpos.z);
        arrowlinepoints.push(endpos.x, endpos.y, endpos.z);

        var meshline = new meshline();
        meshline.setgeometry(arrowlinepoints);

        return { meshline: meshline, linewidth: linewidth };
    }

    this.setdepthtest = function (bl) {
        if (bl) {
            _depthtest = true;
            this._lines.map(line => {
                line.material.depthtest = true;
                line.material.side = 0;
            });
            this._arrows.map(arrow => {
                arrow.material.depthtest = true;
                arrow.material.side = 0;
            });
        } else {
            _depthtest = false;
            this._lines.map(line => {
                line.material.depthtest = false;
                line.material.side = three.doubleside;
            });
            this._arrows.map(arrow => {
                arrow.material.depthtest = false;
                arrow.material.side = three.doubleside;
            });
        }
    }

    /**
     * 撤销
     */
    this.undo = function () {
        scene.remove(this._lines[this._lines.length - 1]);
        scene.remove(this._arrows[this._arrows.length - 1]);
        _self._path.splice(this._path.length - 1, 1);
        _self._lines.splice(this._lines.length - 1, 1);
        _self._arrows.splice(this._arrows.length - 1, 1);
    }

}

drawpath.prototype.constructor = drawpath;

export { drawpath }

show.js中的部分代码：

let drawpath;

    //绘制线路
    drawpath = new drawpath();
    drawpath.config(
        objects,
        camera,
        scene,
        turn
    );

    $("#rightcontainer").show();
    $("#line-start").on("click", function (event) {
        drawpath.start();
    });
    $("#line-stop").on("click", function (event) {
        drawpath.stop();
    });
    $("#line-undo").on("click", function (event) {
        drawpath.undo();
    });
    $("#line-show").on("click", function (event) {
        drawpath.refresh();
    });
    let depthtest = true;
    $("#line-depthtest").on("click", function (event) {
        if (depthtest) {
            drawpath.setdepthtest(false);
            depthtest = false;
        } else {
            drawpath.setdepthtest(true);
            depthtest = true;
        }
    });

setinterval(() => {
    drawpath && drawpath.refresh();
}, 100);

效果图：

还是有点问题：

虽然这个效果图中，场景拉近，箭头有点大，但是最大大小还是做了控制的，就是这个形状有点问题，可能是视角的问题。

我期望的效果应该是这样的，就是无论从什么角度看，箭头不要变形：

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