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ORA-00349|激活 ADG 备库时遇到的问题及处理方法

程序员文章站 2022-06-25 12:32:48
近日有一套实时同步的 asm 管理的单机 11204 adg 备库,由于业务需要,想要脱离主库的约束,想激活拉成读写库直接升级成 asm 管理的 19c,闪回快照模式无法满足要求,只能 alter d...

近日有一套实时同步的 asm 管理的单机 11204 adg 备库,由于业务需要,想要脱离主库的约束,想激活拉成读写库直接升级成 asm 管理的 19c,闪回快照模式无法满足要求,只能 alter database activate standby database 强制切成可读写的主库。说干就干,先将其切成主库,升级过程等下次在一起讨论。

--主库
--主库设置为 defer, 取消备库日志应用,关库启动到 mount 状态进行。
show parameter log_archive_dest_state_2
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=defer scope=both sid='*';
 
--备库
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
shu immediate
startup mount
 
--强制拉成主库,很遗憾报错 ora-00349
sql> alter database activate standby database;
alter database activate standby database
*
error at line 1:
ora-00349: failure obtaining block size for '+jieke_data'
ora-15001: diskgroup "jieke_data" does not exist or is not mounted
ora-15001: diskgroup "jieke_data" does not exist or is not mounted

使用 activate 命令想强制拉成主库,很遗憾如下图报错 ora-00349。alert 日志中发现有很多清理 redo log 的报错,“ora-00313: open failed…”无法打开日志组 5、6、23,于是查看日志组成员确实发现 redolog 创建的有问题,member 成员显示的为不存在的磁盘组 “+jieke_data” 而不是具体路径,真是存在的磁盘组“+jieker_data”。这就是问题所在,redolog 创建错误,切成主库时 redolog 又是必须的,故报错了,那么现在就是将这个错误的 redolog 重建,问题就会得到解决。但实际上不是这样的,折腾了好久也没解决,继续往下看。

ORA-00349|激活 ADG 备库时遇到的问题及处理方法

group# member
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  5 +jieke_data
  5 +jieke_data
  6 +jieke_data
  6 +jieke_data
 23 +jieke_data
 23 +jieke_data
 11 +jieker_data/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_11.1621.1065127343
 11 +jieker_arch/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_11.389.1065127355
 12 +jieker_data/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_12.1620.1065127363
 12 +jieker_arch/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_12.395.1065127371
 13 +jieker_data/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_13.1619.1065127381
 
 select to_char(f.group#) groupno, to_char(l.thread#) thread, f.member member, f.type redo_file_type, l.status group_status, f.status member_status, l.bytes/1024/1024 bytes, l.archived archived 
from v$logfile f, v$log l where f.group# = l.grsql> oup# order by f.group#, f.member;
sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> 2 
group thread member  redo type group status member status size(m) archived
------ ------ -------------------- ---------- ------------ --------------- -------- ----------
5 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
6 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
23 1 +jieke_data  online clearing_cur invalid  4,096 yes
      rent
 
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing_cur invalid  4,096 yes
      rent
 
27 2 +jieker_data/jiekexu/ online unused    4,096 yes
  onlinelog/group_27.1
  741.1065129955
 
28 2 +jieker_data/jiekexu/ online unused    4,096 yes
  onlinelog/group_28.1
  742.1065129973

alert 日志如下:

errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1
clearing online redo logfile 5 +jieke_data
clearing online log 5 of thread 1 sequence number 4751
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1
clearing online redo logfile 5 complete
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 6 of thread 2
clearing online redo logfile 6 +jieke_data
clearing online log 6 of thread 2 sequence number 2592
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 6 of thread 2
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 6 of thread 2
clearing online redo logfile 6 complete
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 23 of thread 1
clearing online redo logfile 23 +jieke_data
clearing online log 23 of thread 1 sequence number 4752
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 23 of thread 1
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 23 of thread 1
clearing online redo logfile 23 complete
resetting resetlogs activation id 2008461997 (0x77b6b2ad)
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1
errors in file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jiekexu/jiekexu/trace/jiekexu_ora_30872.trc:
ora-00313: open failed for members of log group 5 of thread 1
ora-349 signalled during: alter database activate physical standby database...
tue mar 02 22:42:30 2021
alter database drop logfile group 23
ora-1623 signalled during: alter database drop logfile group 23...
tue mar 02 22:45:07 2021
rfs[7]: assigned to rfs process 10180
rfs[7]: opened log for thread 2 sequence 2592 dbid 1797812601 branch 1063804222
archived log entry 1100 added for thread 2 sequence 2592 rlc 1063804222 id 0x77b6b2ad dest 2:
tue mar 02 22:45:08 2021
rfs[8]: assigned to rfs process 10277
rfs[8]: selected log 17 for thread 2 sequence 2593 dbid 1797812601 branch 1063804222
tue mar 02 22:45:08 2021
primary database is in maximum performance mode

重建备库 redolog

那么,这里将上演的是重建备库 redolog 的相关操作步骤。

sql> alter database drop logfile group 27;
alter database drop logfile group 27
*
error at line 1:
ora-01156: recovery or flashback in progress may need access to files
--由于开启了日志应用进程,直接删除会报错,故需要停止日志应用,修改参数 standby_file_management 为手动。
sql> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
 
database altered.
sql> alter system set standby_file_management='manual' scope=both sid='*';
 
database altered.
sql> show parameter standby_file_management
 
name     type   value
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
standby_file_management  string   manual
sql> alter database drop logfile group 27;
 
database altered.
 
--由于日志组不能少于 2 个,故 日志组 28 不不能够删除。
sql> alter database drop logfile group 28;
alter database drop logfile group 28
*
error at line 1:
ora-01567: dropping log 28 would leave less than 2 log files for instance jiekexu2 (thread 2)
ora-00312: online log 28 thread 2: '+jieker_data/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_28.1742.1065129973'

下面则通过继续应用日志、重启、主库切日志、重命名等各种手段继续尝试删除这三个有问题的日志组。

--重启备库删除日志组 6、23,由于是当前日志组无法删除,庆幸日志组 5 成功删除了。
sql> alter database drop logfile group 6;
alter database drop logfile group 6
*
error at line 1:
ora-01623: log 6 is current log for instance jiekexu2 (thread 2) - cannot drop
ora-00312: online log 6 thread 2: '+jieke_data'
ora-00312: online log 6 thread 2: '+jieke_data'
 
sql> alter database drop logfile group 5;
 
database altered.
 
sql> alter database drop logfile group 23;
alter database drop logfile group 23
*
error at line 1:
ora-01623: log 23 is current log for instance jiekexu (thread 1) - cannot drop
ora-00312: online log 23 thread 1: '+jieke_data'
ora-00312: online log 23 thread 1: '+jieke_data'
 
--只剩两组日志组也是当前日志组,则当前日志组无法删除,尝试进行 rename 操作,但也是无效或者缺失命令。
 
sql> alter database rename '+jieke_data' to '+jieker_data';
alter database rename '+jieke_data' to '+jieker_data'
   *
error at line 1:
ora-02231: missing or invalid option to alter database
 
sql> alter database rename '+jieke_data' to '+jieker_data/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_6.dbf';
alter database rename '+jieke_data' to '+jieker_data/jiekexu/onlinelog/group_6.dbf'
   *
error at line 1:
ora-02231: missing or invalid option to alter database
 
--当然继续激活为主库肯定也是报错。那就继续开启日志同步模式,先保持备库同步吧。
sql> alter database activate standby database;
alter database activate standby database
*
error at line 1:
ora-00349: failure obtaining block size for '+jieke_data'
ora-15001: diskgroup "jieke_data" does not exist or is not mounted
ora-15001: diskgroup "jieke_data" does not exist or is not mounted
 
sql> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
 
database altered.

重建备库控制文件解决

第二日早晨,睡醒之后头脑清晰想到备库既然无法删除,那主库肯定是可以删除的。通过主库删除日志组 6、23 之后,再重建一个备库的控制文件就可以解决。这样也很简单,主库删除备库有问题的两组日志组后使用 rman 备份一个备库的 控制文件,然后 scp 到备库,备库重启到 nomount 恢复控制文件,启动到 mount 就好了。

--主库:
sql> alter database drop logfile group 6;
database altered.
sql> alter database drop logfile group 23;
database altered.
 
rman target /
rman> backup current controlfile for standby format '/home/oracle/backup20210303%d_%i_%s_%p.ctl';
scp /home/oracle/backup20210303%d_%i_%s_%p.ctl jiekeadg:/home/oracle/
 
--备库
sql> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
database altered.
 
sql> shu immediate 
ora-01109: database not open
database dismounted.
oracle instance shut down.
sql> startup nomount 
oracle instance started.
total system global area 1.0689e+11 bytes
fixed size   2265864 bytes
variable size  4.2144e+10 bytes
database buffers  6.4425e+10 bytes
redo buffers  323678208 bytes
sql> exit
 
jiekeadg:/home/oracle(jiekexu)>rman target /
recovery manager: release 11.2.0.4.0 - production on wed mar 3 10:07:34 2021
copyright (c) 1982, 2011, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved.
connected to target database: jiekexu (not mounted)
rman> restore standby controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup20210303jiekexu_1797812601_106_1.ctl';
starting restore at 2021-03-03 10:08:03
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ora_disk_1
channel ora_disk_1: sid=3009 device type=disk
channel ora_disk_1: restoring control file
channel ora_disk_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=+jieker_data/jiekexu/controlfile/current.1739.1065125909
output file name=+jieker_arch/jiekexu/controlfile/current.323.1065125911
finished restore at 2021-03-03 10:08:04
rman> sql'alter database mount';
sql statement: alter database mount
released channel: ora_disk_1
rman> exit
 
-- sqlplus 里应用 mrp0 进程同步数据。
jiekeadg:/home/oracle(jiekexu)>sqlplus / as sysdba
sql> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
 
database altered.
sql> /
 
name  value  unit    time_computed
------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
transport lag +00 00:00:00  day(2) to second(0) interval 03/03/2021 10:19:08
apply lag +00 00:00:00  day(2) to second(0) interval 03/03/2021 10:19:08

重建控制文件后恢复的备库中就没有了错误的磁盘组,但这样时间长一些则备库日志应用会延迟,因为 standby_log 日志状态全部为 unassigned 的。需要重建备库 standby redolog 日志组后它的状态才会变成 active。
取消日志应用,修改参数为 manual 删除原有日志组,重建日志组改回参数应用日志同步进程即可。

select to_char(f.group#) groupno, to_char(l.thread#) thread, f.member member, f.type redo_file_type, l.status group_status, f.status member_status, l.bytes/1024/1024 bytes, l.archived archived 
from v$logfile f, v$log l where f.group# = l.group# order by f.group#, f.member;sql> 
sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> 2 
group thread member  redo type group status member status size(m) archived
------ ------ -------------------- ---------- ------------ --------------- -------- ----------
1 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
2 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
3 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
4 1 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
5 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
7 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
8 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
9 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
10 2 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
24 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 
sql> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
database altered.
sql> show parameter standby_file_management
name     type   value
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------standby_file_management  string   manual
sql> 
sql> select inst_id,group#,thread#,sequence#,used,archived,status from gv$standby_log; 
 inst_id group# thread# sequence# used archived status
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
  1  11  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  12  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  13  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  14  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  15  1  0  0 yes unassigned
 
alter database drop logfile group 11;
alter database drop logfile group 12; 
alter database drop logfile group 13;
alter database drop logfile group 14;
alter database drop logfile group 15;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 ('+jieker_data','+jieker_arch') size 4g;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 ('+jieker_data','+jieker_arch') size 4g;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 ('+jieker_data','+jieker_arch') size 4g;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 ('+jieker_data','+jieker_arch') size 4g;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 ('+jieker_data','+jieker_arch') size 4g;
 
sql> select inst_id,group#,thread#,sequence#,used,archived,status from gv$standby_log; 
 inst_id group# thread# sequence# used archived status
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
  1  6  1 4797 3026358272 yes active
  1  11  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  12  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  13  1  0  0 yes unassigned
  1  14  1  0  0 yes unassigned
sql> alter system set standby_file_management='auto' scope=both sid='*';
sql> alter database open;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
database altered.

找到最终问题所在

完成重建后,本以为已经万事大吉了,但一开库应用日志却发现后台日志中所有 redolog 日志组都被清理了。这才意识到问题的根源所在,立马查看了路径相关的参数发现 db_create_online_log_dest 参数设置错误,导致创建出了错误的磁盘组

jiekeadg:/home/oracle(jiekexu)>sqlplus / as sysdba 
 
sql*plus: release 11.2.0.4.0 production on wed mar 3 10:52:04 2021
 
copyright (c) 1982, 2013, oracle. all rights reserved.
 
connected to:
oracle database 11g enterprise edition release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit production
with the partitioning, automatic storage management, olap, data mining
and real application testing options
 
sql> show parameter db_create_online_log_dest_ 
 
name     type value
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_create_online_log_dest_1  string +jieke_data
db_create_online_log_dest_2  string +jieke_data
db_create_online_log_dest_3  string
db_create_online_log_dest_4  string
db_create_online_log_dest_5  string
sql> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_1='+jieker_data' scope=spfile;
 
system altered.
 
sql> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_2='+jieker_data' scope=spfile;
 
system altered.

但是现在修改完参数所有的日志组成员也都出现在错误的磁盘组了,因为有了当前日志组 4、10 占用了,重建日志组也行不通,故只能再次重建备库控制文件了。以上主库备份控制文件传到备库恢复的过程再来一遍即可。

select to_char(f.group#) groupno, to_char(l.thread#) thread, f.member member, f.type redo_file_type, l.status group_status, f.status member_status, l.bytes/1024/1024 bytes, l.archived archived 
from v$logfile f, v$log l where f.group# = l.group# order by f.group#, f.member;sql> 
sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> sql> 2 
group thread member  redo type group status member status size(m) archived
------ ------ -------------------- ---------- ------------ --------------- -------- ----------
1 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
2 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
3 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
4 1 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
5 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 1 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
7 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
8 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
9 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
10 2 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online current invalid  4,096 yes
24 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 2 +jieke_data  online clearing invalid  4,096 yes
 
20 rows selected.

最终激活备库

再一次重建后正常恢复同步,然后关闭实例启动到 mount 状态,激活 adg 备库,重启验证即可。

sql> shu immediate 
database closed.
database dismounted.
oracle instance shut down.
sql> 
sql> startup mount 
oracle instance started.
 
total system global area 1.0689e+11 bytes
fixed size   2265864 bytes
variable size  4.2144e+10 bytes
database buffers  6.4425e+10 bytes
redo buffers  323678208 bytes
database mounted.
sql> 
sql> alter database activate standby database;
 
database altered.
 
sql> alter database open;
 
database altered.
 
sql> select database_role from v$database;
 
database_role
--------------------------------
primary
 
sql> shu immediate 
database closed.
database dismounted.
oracle instance shut down.
sql> startup 
oracle instance started.
total system global area 1.0689e+11 bytes
fixed size   2265864 bytes
variable size  4.2144e+10 bytes
database buffers  6.4425e+10 bytes
redo buffers  323678208 bytes
database mounted.
database opened.
sql> exit

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