新手小白Linux（Centos6.5）部署java web项目（mysql5.7安装及相关操作）

一、安装

　　参考：

# 检测系统中是否安装了mysql
yum list installed | grep mysql

### 显示内容 ###
### 我已经装过了……没装之前可能什么都没有，也可能有低版本的mysql
mysql-community-client.x86_64
                     5.7.23-1.el6       @mysql57-community-dmr                  
mysql-community-common.x86_64
                     5.7.23-1.el6       @mysql57-community-dmr                  
mysql-community-libs.x86_64
                     5.7.23-1.el6       @mysql57-community-dmr                  
mysql-community-release.noarch
                     el6-5              @/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch  
mysql-community-server.x86_64
                     5.7.23-1.el6       @mysql57-community-dmr       



# 卸载低版本mysql，才能安装上mysql5.7
# remove后面是上面显示的文件（-y表示全过程选是）,上面出现的全部都要remove掉
yum -y remove mysql-community-client.x86_64 mysql-community-common.x86_64 ...

### 显示内容 ###
...
removed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64    0:5.7.23-1.el6   mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6    
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6   mysql-community-release.noarch 0:el6-5         

dependency removed:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6

complete!



# 再检测一次，直到为空

# 下载mysql的yum源（el6-5表示惹的redhat6和sentos6-mysql5）
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm

# 载入yum源
yum install mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm

# 查看mysql可用的安装源（安装源里面有mysql5的好几个版本）
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql

### 显示内容 ###
mysql-connectors-community mysql connectors community                         59
mysql-tools-community      mysql tools community                              65
mysql56-community          mysql 5.6 community server                        453



# 发现没有5.7版本的，修改repo文件，把5.7版本改为可用，5.6版本改为不可用
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo

### 显示内容 ###
############################################################################################################

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=mysql connectors community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=mysql tools community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql

# enable to use mysql 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=mysql 5.5 community server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql

# enable to use mysql 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=mysql 5.6 community server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1 #把这个1改成0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql

# note: mysql 5.7 is currently in development. for use at your own risk.
# please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=mysql 5.7 community server development milestone release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0 #把这个0改成1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql

############################################################################################################



# 按i进入编辑模式！
# 输入数字不要使用小键盘！
# 按esc键退出编辑模式！
# 输入:wq 回车--保存并退出！

# 再次检查mysql可用的安装源
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
### 显示内容 ###
mysql-connectors-community mysql connectors community                         59
mysql-tools-community      mysql tools community                              65
mysql57-community-dmr      mysql 5.7 community server development milesto    273



# 发现5.7版本的mysql安装源可用
# 使用yum安装mysql
yum install mysql-community-server -y

### 显示内容 ###
### 安装成功！
...
installed:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6                                                  

dependency installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6   mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6  
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.23-1.el6    

complete!



# 启动服务
service mysqld start

# 5.7版本跟5.6版本的登录方式不一样，5.6默认root密码为空，5.7的root密码是随机生成的
# 首次登录可查看root密码，登录后要立即修改密码，设置复杂一些，不然报错说密码不安全
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

### 显示内容 ###
2018-09-05t03:32:48.523907z 1 [note] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: rr_pvi=rj3<u
...



# 可以看到密码为rr_pvi=rj3<u


# 登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p
enter password: rr_pvi=rj3<u

# 修改root密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'mynewpassword!';

# 退出
mysql> exit;

# 重新登录 

 

二、配置

 

# linux系统安装mysql默认区分大小写
# 设置不区分大小写
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

#########################################################################################
# for advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# remove leading # and set to the amount of ram for the most important data
# cache in mysql. start at 70% of total ram for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128m
#
# remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# the server defaults are faster for transactions and fast selects.
# adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128m
# sort_buffer_size = 2m
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2m
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
lower_case_table_names=1 #在这里加上这句，linux下1不区分，0区分

# disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
~
~
#########################################################################################

# 保存并退出

# 重启mysql服务
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# service mysqld restart
stopping mysqld:                                           [  ok  ]
starting mysqld:                                           [  ok  ]

# 登录mysql
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# mysql -uroot -p
enter password:...
type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 查看所有数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 使用数据库：mysql
mysql> use mysql;
reading table information for completion of table and column names
you can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -a

database changed

# 查看当前数据库的所有表
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| engine_cost               |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| gtid_executed             |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| server_cost               |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
31 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 查看用户表（只看主机和用户名字段，*的话太多了）
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | user          |
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | username      |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
| localhost | root          |
+-----------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 创建数据库
mysql> create database test;
query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 创建用户并授予test数据库的所有权限
mysql> grant all privileges on test.* to 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test123.password';
query ok, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

# 刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

# 再次查看用户表
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | user          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | test_user     |
| host      | username      |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
| localhost | root          |
+-----------+---------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 查看test_user用户权限
mysql> show grants for 'test_user'@'%';

+-----------------------------------------------------+
| grants for test_user@%                              |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| grant usage on *.* to 'test_user'@'%'               |
| grant all privileges on `test`.* to 'test_user'@'%' |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 退出
mysql> exit;
bye

 

 

三、导库

# 把数据库的sql文件上传到linux服务器
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# rz
-bash: rz: command not found

# 安装lrzsz
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# yum install lrzsz -y
...
installed:
  lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-27.1.el6                                                               

complete!

# 从windows本机上传到linux服务器（回车后会弹出一个选择文件的弹窗，选中文件点击add后再点ok）
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
starting zmodem transfer.  press ctrl+c to cancel.
transferring test.sql...
  100%     953 bytes  953 bytes/sec 00:00:01       0 errors  


# 换用户登录mysql
[root@i-epo5ap9i ~]# mysql -u test_user -p
enter password: 
...
type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 使用test数据库
mysql> use test;
database changed

# 给test数据库设置编码方式
mysql> set names utf8;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

# 导入数据库（运行部署项目对应的sql文件）
mysql> source /root/test.sql;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

query ok, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

...

# 查看该数据库的所有表
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| role           |
| user           |
| ...            |
+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 导入成功，退出mysql
mysql> exit;
bye