mySQL的安装过程---二进制和源码安装
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2022-06-24 08:19:55
安装 mysql 源码包安装 优化基础源 安装依赖包 下载(或者上传): 解压: 确定安装路径存在不存在,不存在则创建 /opt/mysql-5.6.44: 生成: 编译: 安装: 创建用户 拷贝启动脚本 拷贝配置文件( 存在就覆盖,不存在则创建 ) 创建socket文件存放目录 制作软连接 授权 ......
源码包安装
优化基础源
[root@db03 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-base.repo
安装依赖包
[root@db03 ~]# yum install -y cmake ncurses-devel autoconf
下载(或者上传):
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.6.44.tar.gz
解压:
[root@db03 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.44.tar.gz
[root@db03 ~]# cd mysql-5.6.44
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# ll
total 252
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 build
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 client
drwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 cmake
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 23415 mar 15 2019 cmakelists.txt
drwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 21 mar 15 2019 cmd-line-utils
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 19838 mar 15 2019 config.h.cmake
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 40929 mar 15 2019 configure.cmake
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 17987 mar 15 2019 copying
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 312 mar 15 2019 dbug
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 80 mar 15 2019 docs
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 65958 mar 15 2019 doxyfile-perfschema
drwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 229 mar 15 2019 extra
drwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 include
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 333 mar 15 2019 install
drwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 224 mar 15 2019 libmysql
drwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 204 mar 15 2019 libmysqld
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 221 mar 15 2019 libservices
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 7161 31415 305 mar 15 2019 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 mysys
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 300 mar 15 2019 mysys_ssl
drwxr-xr-x 9 7161 31415 113 mar 15 2019 packaging
drwxr-xr-x 11 7161 31415 187 mar 15 2019 plugin
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 2496 mar 15 2019 readme
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 regex
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 6 mar 15 2019 source_downloads
drwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 12288 mar 15 2019 sql
drwxr-xr-x 5 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 155 mar 15 2019 sql-common
drwxr-xr-x 13 7161 31415 169 mar 15 2019 storage
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 strings
drwxr-xr-x 5 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 support-files
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 tests
drwxr-xr-x 5 7161 31415 70 mar 15 2019 unittest
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 88 mar 15 2019 version
drwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 298 mar 15 2019 vio
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 32 mar 15 2019 win
drwxr-xr-x 11 7161 31415 4096 mar 15 2019 zlib
确定安装路径存在不存在,不存在则创建 /opt/mysql-5.6.44:
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# ll /opt/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 apr 11 2018 /opt/
生成:
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# “注意必须在此目录里面进行生成”
cmake . -dcmake_install_prefix=/opt/mysql-5.6.44 \
-dmysql_datadir=/opt/mysql-5.6.44/data \
-dmysql_unix_addr=/opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp/mysql.sock \
-ddefault_charset=utf8 \
-ddefault_collation=utf8_general_ci \
-dwith_extra_charsets=all \
-dwith_innobase_storage_engine=1 \
-dwith_federated_storage_engine=1 \
-dwith_blackhole_storage_engine=1 \
-dwithout_example_storage_engine=1 \
-dwith_zlib=bundled \
-dwith_ssl=bundled \
-denabled_local_infile=1 \
-dwith_embedded_server=1 \
-denable_downloads=1 \
-dwith_debug=0
#生成完成后检查
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# echo $?
等于 0 则没有问题
编译:
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# make
安装:
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# make install
#检查
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# ll /opt/mysql-5.6.44/
total 44
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 oct 31 03:53 bin
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17987 mar 15 2019 copying
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 18 oct 31 03:53 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 55 oct 31 03:53 docs
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 oct 31 03:53 include
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 291 oct 31 03:53 lib
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 30 oct 31 03:53 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 oct 31 03:53 mysql-test
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2496 mar 15 2019 readme
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 30 oct 31 03:53 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 oct 31 03:53 share
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 oct 31 03:53 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 136 oct 31 03:53 support-files
创建用户
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -m
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# id mysql
uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)
拷贝启动脚本
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files/
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10571 oct 31 03:57 /etc/init.d/mysqld
拷贝配置文件( 存在就覆盖,不存在则创建 )
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y
创建socket文件存放目录
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# mkdir /opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp -d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 oct 31 03:59 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp
制作软连接
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts/
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll
total 36
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 34558 oct 31 03:31 mysql_install_db
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ /opt/mysql
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll /opt/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 oct 31 04:01 /opt/mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.6.44/
授权
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# chown -r mysql.mysql /opt/*
初始化数据库
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data
启动mysql服务
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
starting mysql. success!
添加环境变量
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export path="/opt/mysql/bin:$path"
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
端口检查
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# netstat -lntup |grep 3306
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* listen 25084/mysqld
启动数据库
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# mysql
welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g.
your mysql connection id is 2
server version: 5.6.44 source distribution
copyright (c) 2000, 2019, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved.
oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its
affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
更改mysql启动的权限并加入systemd管理
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[unit]
description=mysql server
documentation=man:mysqld(8)
documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
after=network.target
after=syslog.target
[install]
wantedby=multi-user.target
[service]
user=mysql
group=mysql
execstart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
limitnofile = 5000
将mysql 加入systemd管理,并加入开机自启
[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[unit]
description=mysql server
documentation=man:mysqld(8)
documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
after=network.target
after=syslog.target
[install]
wantedby=multi-user.target
[service]
user=mysql
group=mysql
execstart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf ---------------注意安装路径
limitnofile = 5000
[root@db01 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@db01 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@db01 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
二进制安装 mysql
下载或上传软件包
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
解压
[root@db04 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@db04 ~]# ll
total 321404
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 191 oct 31 04:31 mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 329105487 oct 30 10:23 mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
安装依赖软件包
[root@db04 ~]# yum install -y autoconf libaio*
创建 mysql 用户
[root@db04 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -m
[root@db04 ~]# id mysql
uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)
将解压后的软件包目录移动到 /opt 目录下面并更改文件名
[root@db04 ~]# mv mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql-5.6.44 [root@db04 ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44]# ll total 40 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 oct 31 04:31 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 17987 mar 15 2019 copying drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 18 oct 31 04:30 data drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 55 oct 31 04:30 docs drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 oct 31 04:30 include drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 316 oct 31 04:31 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 30 oct 31 04:30 man drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 291 oct 31 04:30 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 2496 mar 15 2019 readme drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 30 oct 31 04:30 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 oct 31 04:31 share drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 oct 31 04:31 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 136 oct 31 04:30 support-files
制作软连接
[root@db04 ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ /opt/mysql [root@db04 ~]# ll /opt/mysql lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 oct 31 04:37 /opt/mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.6.44/
拷贝启动脚本
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files/ [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10565 oct 31 04:40 /etc/init.d/mysqld
拷贝配置文件
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /etc/my.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1126 oct 31 04:41 /etc/my.cnf
初始化数据库
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cd ../scripts/ [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll total 36 -rwxr-xr-x 1 7161 31415 34558 mar 15 2019 mysql_install_db [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --user=mysql
授权 mysql 目录
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# chown -r mysql.mysql /opt/* [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll /opt/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 18 oct 31 04:37 mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 223 oct 31 04:43 mysql-5.6.44
修改 mysql 启动脚本和程序
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# sed -i 's#/usr/local#/opt#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
启动 mysqkl
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start starting mysql.logging to '/opt/mysql/data/db04.err'. success!
添加环境变量
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh export path="/opt/mysql/bin:$path" [root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
登录mysql数据库
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# mysql welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 1 server version: 5.6.44 mysql community server (gpl) copyright (c) 2000, 2019, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
将mysql 加入systemd管理,并加入开机自启
[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service [unit] description=mysql server documentation=man:mysqld(8) documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html after=network.target after=syslog.target [install] wantedby=multi-user.target [service] user=mysql group=mysql execstart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf ---------------注意安装路径 limitnofile = 5000 ------------------------ [root@db04 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf basedir = /opt/mysql ----------------------更改此处 datadir = /opt/mysql/data ----------------------更改此处 ---------------------------- [root@db01 ~]# systemctl start mysqld [root@db01 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld [root@db01 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
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