Android AIDL使用详解

本文将介绍如何使用AIDL实现客户端与服务端的双向传值,以及如何传递自定义类型对象(AIDL默认支持基础类型传递:int,long,boolean,float,double,String)

目录结构:

1.定义AIDL文件

IRemoteService.aidl
这些方法会在服务端实现,在客户端调用

// IRemoteService.aidl
package com.tq.demo.aidltest;
import com.tq.demo.aidltest.IMyCallback;
import com.tq.demo.aidltest.MyData;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IRemoteService {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);

    //获取进程id
    int getPid();

    //注册更新回调
    void registerCallbackListener(in IMyCallback callback);

    //注销更新回调
    void unregisterCallbackListener(in IMyCallback callback);

    //开始计时
    void startTimeCount(int time);
}

IMyCallback.aidl
onReceiveMyData会在客户端实现,用于监听服务端的传值

package com.tq.demo.aidltest;
import com.tq.demo.aidltest.MyData;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IMyCallback {

   void onReceiveMyData(in MyData data);
}

MyData.aidl
自定义类型实体,该文件一定要与要传递对象的类同名

package com.tq.demo.aidltest;
parcelable MyData;

定义好以上AIDL文件后,重新构建项目,会自动生成与AIDL文件同名的java类:

2.编写服务端代码

class MyService : Service() {
    var i = 0
    val countTime: Long = 100000
    val countInteval: Long = 1000
    private val mRemoteCallbacks = RemoteCallbackList<IMyCallback>()

    private val timer = object : CountDownTimer(countTime, countInteval) {
        override fun onFinish() {}

        override fun onTick(millisUntilFinished: Long) {
            i += 1
            val data = MyData()
            data.time = i
            sendBroadcast(data)
        }
    }

    private val myBinder = object : IRemoteService.Stub() {
        override fun basicTypes(
            anInt: Int,
            aLong: Long,
            aBoolean: Boolean,
            aFloat: Float,
            aDouble: Double,
            aString: String?
        ) {}

        override fun getPid(): Int {
            return android.os.Process.myPid()
        }

        override fun unregisterCallbackListener(callback: IMyCallback?) {
            if (callback != null) {
                mRemoteCallbacks.unregister(callback)
            }
        }

        override fun startTimeCount(time: Int) {
            i = time
            timer.start()
        }

        override fun registerCallbackListener(callback: IMyCallback?) {
            if (callback != null) {
                mRemoteCallbacks.register(callback)
            }
        }
    }

    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
    }

    override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? {
        return myBinder
    }

    // 通过RemoteCallbackList向客户端传递数据
    fun sendBroadcast(data: MyData) {
        val count = mRemoteCallbacks.beginBroadcast()
        for (i in 0 until count) {
            try {
                mRemoteCallbacks.getBroadcastItem(i).onReceiveMyData(data)
            } catch (e: RemoteException) {
                // The RemoteCallbackList will take care of removing
                // the dead object for us.
            }
        }
        mRemoteCallbacks.finishBroadcast()
    }
}

3.编写客户端代码

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity(), View.OnClickListener, CoroutineScope by MainScope() {
    private var mService: IRemoteService? = null
    private lateinit var tvContent: TextView
    private lateinit var btnBind: Button
    private lateinit var btnUnbind: Button
    private lateinit var btnKill: Button
    private var isBind = false

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        initView()
    }

    fun initView() {
        tvContent = findViewById(R.id.tv_content)
        btnBind = findViewById(R.id.btn_bind)
        btnUnbind = findViewById(R.id.btn_unbind)
        btnKill = findViewById(R.id.btn_kill)

        btnBind.setOnClickListener(this)
        btnUnbind.setOnClickListener(this)
        btnKill.setOnClickListener(this)
    }

    private val mConnection = object : ServiceConnection, IMyCallback.Stub() {
        override fun onServiceDisconnected(name: ComponentName?) {
            mService = null
        }

        override fun onServiceConnected(name: ComponentName?, service: IBinder?) {
            mService = IRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(service)
            mService?.registerCallbackListener(this)
            mService?.startTimeCount(10)
        }

        override fun onReceiveMyData(data: MyData?) {
            launch(Dispatchers.Main) {
                tvContent.text = data?.time.toString()
            }
        }
    }

    override fun onClick(v: View?) {
        when (v!!.id) {
            R.id.btn_bind -> bind()
            R.id.btn_unbind -> unBind()
            R.id.btn_kill -> kill()
        }
    }

    @SuppressLint("SetTextI18n")
    fun bind() {
        if (isBind) return
        val intent = Intent(this, MyService().javaClass)
        val action = MyService().javaClass.name
        intent.action = action
        bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
        isBind = true
        tvContent.text = "正在绑定SERVICE"
    }

    @SuppressLint("SetTextI18n")
    fun unBind() {
        if (!isBind) return
        mService?.unregisterCallbackListener(mConnection)
        unbindService(mConnection)
        isBind = false
        tvContent.text = "SERVICE已解绑"
    }

    fun kill() {
        try {
            if (mService != null) {
                android.os.Process.killProcess(mService!!.pid)
            }
            isBind = false
            tvContent.text = "进程已杀死"
        } catch (e: RemoteException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        }
    }

}

实体类:

class MyData() : Parcelable {

    var time = 0

    constructor(parcel: Parcel) : this() {
        time = parcel.readInt()
    }

    override fun writeToParcel(parcel: Parcel, flags: Int) {
        parcel.writeInt(time)
    }

    override fun describeContents(): Int {
        return 0
    }

    companion object CREATOR : Parcelable.Creator<MyData> {
        override fun createFromParcel(parcel: Parcel): MyData {
            return MyData(parcel)
        }

        override fun newArray(size: Int): Array<MyData?> {
            return arrayOfNulls(size)
        }
    }

    override fun toString(): String {
        return "time = $time"
    }
}

效果

本文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weryoung/article/details/112596097