C++实现编码转换的示例代码
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2022-06-23 09:29:37
代码地址https://github.com/gongluck/code-snippet/tree/master/cpp/code%20conversion需求编码转换在实际开发中经常遇到,通常是an...
代码地址
https://github.com/gongluck/code-snippet/tree/master/cpp/code%20conversion
需求
编码转换在实际开发中经常遇到,通常是ansi、unicode和utf-8之间相互转换。实现也有很多种,有查表法、使用c++11、使用boost、使用系统api。c++11和boost几乎可以实现一套代码,在linux和windows都能使用,但实际会有很多坑,相当于代码几乎不改,但是要改一下系统环境。所以有一种实现就是判断系统的版本,然后选择不同的系统api进行编码转换。
实现
目前只实现windows下的编码转换,以后需要在linux下使用编码转换再做补充。windows下的编码转换基本围绕unicode做处理。例如ansi->utf-8,就是先将ansi->unicode,再将unicode->utf-8。
// convert.h /* * @author: gongluck * @date: 2020-03-23 16:06:23 * @last modified by: gongluck * @last modified time: 2020-03-23 16:09:30 */ // character encoding conversion #pragma once #include <string> namespace gconvert { // ansi->unicode int ansi2uni(const std::string& ansi, std::wstring& uni); // unicode->ansi int uni2ansi(const std::wstring& uni, std::string& ansi); // utf8->unicode int utf82uni(const std::string& utf8, std::wstring& uni); // unicode->utf8 int uni2utf8(const std::wstring& uni, std::string& utf8); // ansi->utf8 int ansi2utf8(const std::string& ansi, std::string& utf8); // utf8->ansi int utf82ansi(const std::string& utf8, std::string& ansi); } // namespace gconvert
//convert.cpp /* * @author: gongluck * @date: 2020-03-23 16:13:01 * @last modified by: gongluck * @last modified time: 2020-03-23 16:34:50 */ #include "convert.h" #include <iostream> #ifdef _win32 #include <windows.h> #endif namespace gconvert { #ifdef _win32 static int multi2uni(const std::string& multi, std::wstring& uni, uint code) { auto len = multibytetowidechar(code, 0, multi.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0); if (len <= 0) { std::cerr << __file__ << " : " << __line__ << " : " << getlasterror() << std::endl; return -1; } wchar* buf = new wchar[len]; if (buf == nullptr) { std::cerr << __file__ << " : " << __line__ << " : " << "can not new buf, size : " << len << std::endl; return -2; } len = multibytetowidechar(code, 0, multi.c_str(), -1, buf, len); uni.assign(buf); delete[]buf; buf = nullptr; return len; } static int uni2multi(const std::wstring& uni, std::string& multi, uint code) { auto len = widechartomultibyte(code, 0, uni.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr); if (len <= 0) { std::cerr << __file__ << " : " << __line__ << " : " << getlasterror() << std::endl; return -1; } char* buf = new char[len]; if (buf == nullptr) { std::cerr << __file__ << " : " << __line__ << " : " << "can not new buf, size : " << len << std::endl; return -2; } len = widechartomultibyte(code, 0, uni.c_str(), -1, buf, len, nullptr, nullptr); multi.assign(buf); delete[]buf; buf = nullptr; return len; } #endif // ansi->unicode int ansi2uni(const std::string& ansi, std::wstring& uni) { #ifdef _win32 return multi2uni(ansi, uni, cp_acp); #endif return 0; } // unicode->ansi int uni2ansi(const std::wstring &uni, std::string &ansi) { #ifdef _win32 return uni2multi(uni, ansi, cp_acp); #endif return 0; } // utf8->unicode int utf82uni(const std::string& utf8, std::wstring& uni) { #ifdef _win32 return multi2uni(utf8, uni, cp_utf8); #endif return 0; } // unicode->utf8 int uni2utf8(const std::wstring& uni, std::string& utf8) { #ifdef _win32 return uni2multi(uni, utf8, cp_utf8); #endif return 0; } // ansi->utf8 int ansi2utf8(const std::string &ansi, std::string &utf8) { std::wstring uni; auto len = ansi2uni(ansi, uni); if (len <= 0) { return -3; } return uni2utf8(uni, utf8); } // utf8->ansi int utf82ansi(const std::string &utf8, std::string &ansi) { std::wstring uni; auto len = utf82uni(utf8, uni); if (len <= 0) { return -3; } return uni2ansi(uni, ansi); } } // namespace gconvert
//testcode #include <iostream> #include "../code conversion/convert.h" int main() { std::string ansi = "你好,世界!"; std::wstring uni; std::string utf8; ret = gconvert::ansi2uni(ansi, uni); ret = gconvert::ansi2utf8(ansi, utf8); ret = gconvert::uni2ansi(uni, ansi); ret = gconvert::uni2utf8(uni, utf8); ret = gconvert::utf82ansi(utf8, ansi); ret = gconvert::utf82uni(utf8, uni); return 0; }
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