欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识！
您现在的位置是： 首页  >  IT编程

C# 正则表达式应用

程序员文章站 2022-06-21 11:02:17
正则表达式平时不常用，经常都是用的时候，临时抱佛脚，查文档，然后就是被各种坑之后，才会逐渐熟练。 在线正则表达式测试：http://tool.oschina.net/regex/ 在线JSON格式化：https://www.bejson.com/ 正则表达式手册：http://tool.oschin ......

正则表达式平时不常用，经常都是用的时候，临时抱佛脚，查文档，然后就是被各种坑之后，才会逐渐熟练。

在线正则表达式测试：

在线JSON格式化：

正则表达式手册：

先来看下代码和运行效果吧

 string msg, rex;
            Match m;
            msg = "昨日总能耗0度。 (长沙市口腔医院)星期一【紫衡技术】";
            rex = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*";
            m = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("0:" + m.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m);

            //1
            msg = @"上周总能耗28401.4度。 (沙井街道办)星期一【紫衡技术】";
             rex = @".*(上周总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.][0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*";
            //昨日总能耗2582.1度。【长沙市天心区人民法院】2018 - 07 - 08【紫衡技术】
             m = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            var r = m.Success;
            Console.WriteLine("1:"+r);
            WriteGroupInfo(m);

            //2
            rex = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。\【(.*)\】(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*";
            msg= "昨日总能耗209.9度。【长沙市天心区人民检察院】2018-07-08【紫衡技术】";
            Match m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("2:"+m1.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m1);

            //3
            rex = @".*(上周总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*";
            msg = "上周总能耗10922.4度。 (深圳市地方税务局第二稽查局)星期一【紫衡技术】";
            m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("3:"+m1.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m1);

            //4
            rex = @".*(上月总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{8}).*";
            msg = "上月总能耗49276.9度。 (深圳市地方税务局第二稽查局)2018年06月【紫衡技术】";
            m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("4:"+m1.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m1);

            //5
            rex = @".*(建筑名称)\：(.*)，在(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).{3}([0-9]{1,}[.][0-9]*)*度。";
            msg = "建筑名称：长沙市天心区人民法院，在2018-07-08日用电2582.1度。";
            m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("5:"+m1.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m1);

            //6
            rex = @"(今日能耗)\：([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)";
            msg = "今日能耗：300【紫衡技术】";
            m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("6:" + m1.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m1);

            //^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)
            //*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+
            rex = @"^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*
                 (服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+";
            msg = "【公司WNC服务监控台】异常 - 服务【Secom.Emx.SmsServer.Service】未找到或者未安装！【紫衡技术】";
            m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex);
            Console.WriteLine("7:" + m1.Success);
            WriteGroupInfo(m1);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static void WriteGroupInfo(Match m)
        {
            var g = m.Groups;
            if (g.Count > 0)
            {
                for (var i = 0; i < g.Count; i++)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(i+":"+g[i].Value);
                }
            }
        }

运行结果：

C# 正则表达式应用

需要注意的地方，待匹配文字中的空格以及全角和半角字符要注意区分。

存储正则表达式字符串，不能存储到Json文件中，特殊字符会出现转义，存XML中没有这个问题。通过构造sql语句存储到mysql中的时候，反斜杠\将会被直接吃掉，所以插入之前要先进行转义。

 var _TemplateReg = v.Value.TemplateReg.Replace("\\", "\\\\");

在C#中\\表示\，\\\\就表示\\。

之前在一个全局变量中存储了许多数据，现在我需要将其存储到数据库中。原来的代码如下：

C# 正则表达式应用
        /// <summary>
        /// 短信模板
        /// </summary>
        #region old code
        Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> templates = new Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> {
            // 能耗日报模板  
            {
                "能耗提醒",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_139242133",
                    TemplateReg = @"测试短信通知",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "紫衡技术"
                }
            },
            {
                "测试",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119091381",
                    TemplateReg = @"测试短信通知",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "紫衡技术"
                }
            },
            {
                "能耗",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277",
                    TemplateReg = @"^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*$",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "能耗Extend",
                new SmsTemplate
                {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_128880488",
                    TemplateReg = @"^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*$",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty, extend=string.Empty},
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "昨日能耗",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_139242142",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*",//昨日总能耗16677.6度。 (天心区鑫远白天鹅酒店)星期一【紫衡技术】
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
             {
                "昨日能耗1",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_139242142",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。\【(.*)\】(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",//昨日总能耗209.9度。【长沙市天心区人民检察院】2018-07-08【紫衡技术】
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "上周能耗",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119081757",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(上周总?能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "上月能耗",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119086386",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(上月总？能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "定额",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(定额)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "基准",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(基准)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "节能量",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(节能量)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            {
                "优化",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277",
                    TemplateReg = @".*(优化)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能耗报告"
                }
            },
            // 报警日报模板
            {
                "报警",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076278",
                    TemplateReg = @"(建筑\[)*(.+?)([\],，])*产生以下报警：(.+)(【紫衡技术】)",
                    TemplateParam =  new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, alarm=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能管系统报警"
                }
            },
            // 运维工单模板
            {
                "运维通知",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119091206",
                    TemplateReg = "您有一条新的(.+)工单需处理【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "运维抢单",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076276",
                    TemplateReg = "您有一条新的(.+)工单(提示)*【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "运维派单",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076273",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有新的(.+)工单无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "库存不足",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119091203",
                    TemplateReg =  ".+【([^】]+)】.+库存已不足.+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "维修签到",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076712",
                    TemplateReg =  ".*您有(.*)未签到【工单号：([^】]+)】.+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            }

            ,
            {
                "报警抢单",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119091869",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有(.*)报警.*无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            }
            ,
            {
                "广医派工",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_135795374",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有新的(.+)工单(.+)需处理，详情请打开“智慧机电运维系统APP”查看。",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            }
            ,
            {
                "报警签到",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119081998",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有(.*)报警事件未现场签到【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "未处理完崔单",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119076997",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有(.*)处理尚未完成【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "运维崔单",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119087014",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有一条(.+)催单提示【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "运维工单事件",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_119091936",
                    TemplateReg =  "您有新的工单事件【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "运维系统"
                }
            },
            {
                "MAN服务未找到异常",
                new SmsTemplate {
                    TemplateCode = "SMS_120120306",
                    TemplateReg =  "^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+",
                    TemplateParam =  new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty },
                    SignName = "能管365"
                }
            }

        };
        #endregion
View Code

我想直接通过代码来自动将其迁移到mysql数据库中去。

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化数据，将原来代码中的模板配置生成并加载到数据库中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="templates"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int InitData(Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> templates)
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append("INSERT INTO smstemplate VALUES");
            foreach(var v in templates)
            {
                var _TemplateReg = v.Value.TemplateReg.Replace("\\", "\\\\");
                sb.AppendFormat(@"('{0}','{1}','{2}','{3}','{4}'),",v.Key,v.Value.TemplateCode, _TemplateReg, JsonConvert.SerializeObject(v.Value.TemplateParam),v.Value.SignName);
            }
            string sql= sb.ToString().TrimEnd(',');
            var cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql);
            return db.ExecuteNonQuery(cmd);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 从数据库中加载模板配置列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>模板配置列表</returns>
        public Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> GetSmsTemplate()
        {
            Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> dic = new Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate>();
            var sql = "SELECT `Key`,`TemplateCode`,`TemplateReg`,`TemplateParam`,`SignName` FROM smstemplate";
            try
            {
                var cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql);
                SmsTemplate item;
                string key;
                using (var reader = db.ExecuteReader(cmd))
                {
                    while (reader.Read())
                    {
                        key = reader.GetString(0);
                        item = new SmsTemplate();
                        item.TemplateCode = reader.GetString(1);
                        item.TemplateReg = reader.GetString(2);
                        item.TemplateParam = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(reader.GetString(3));
                        item.SignName = reader.GetString(4);
                        dic.Add(key, item);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }

            return dic;
        }
构造完成后的sql脚本：
C# 正则表达式应用
INSERT INTO smstemplate
VALUES
    (
        '能耗提醒',
        'SMS_139242133',
        '测试短信通知',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '紫衡技术'
    ),
    (
        '测试',
        'SMS_119091381',
        '测试短信通知',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '紫衡技术'
    ),
    (
        '能耗',
        'SMS_119076277',
        '^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*$',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '能耗Extend',
        'SMS_128880488',
        '^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*$',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":"","extend":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '昨日能耗',
        'SMS_139242142',
        '.*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \\((.*)\\)(.{3}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '昨日能耗1',
        'SMS_139242142',
        '.*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。\\【(.*)\\】(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '上周能耗',
        'SMS_119081757',
        '.*(上周总?能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '上月能耗',
        'SMS_119086386',
        '.*(上月总？能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '定额',
        'SMS_119076277',
        '.*(定额)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '基准',
        'SMS_119076277',
        '.*(基准)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '节能量',
        'SMS_119076277',
        '.*(节能量)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '优化',
        'SMS_119076277',
        '.*(优化)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*',
        '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}',
        '能耗报告'
    ),
    (
        '报警',
        'SMS_119076278',
        '(建筑\\[)*(.+?)([\\],，])*产生以下报警：(.+)(【紫衡技术】)',
        '{"name":"","date":"","alarm":""}',
        '能管系统报警'
    ),
    (
        '运维通知',
        'SMS_119091206',
        '您有一条新的(.+)工单需处理【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '运维抢单',
        'SMS_119076276',
        '您有一条新的(.+)工单(提示)*【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '运维派单',
        'SMS_119076273',
        '您有新的(.+)工单无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '库存不足',
        'SMS_119091203',
        '.+【([^】]+)】.+库存已不足.+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '维修签到',
        'SMS_119076712',
        '.*您有(.*)未签到【工单号：([^】]+)】.+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '报警抢单',
        'SMS_119091869',
        '您有(.*)报警.*无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '广医派工',
        'SMS_135795374',
        '您有新的(.+)工单(.+)需处理，详情请打开“智慧机电运维系统APP”查看。',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '报警签到',
        'SMS_119081998',
        '您有(.*)报警事件未现场签到【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '未处理完崔单',
        'SMS_119076997',
        '您有(.*)处理尚未完成【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '运维崔单',
        'SMS_119087014',
        '您有一条(.+)催单提示【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        '运维工单事件',
        'SMS_119091936',
        '您有新的工单事件【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '运维系统'
    ),
    (
        'MAN服务未找到异常',
        'SMS_120120306',
        '^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+',
        '{"type":"","code":""}',
        '能管365'
    )
View Code 
JsonConvert.SerializeObject(v.Value.TemplateParam)，把原来的对象进行序列化。
记录以备忘。

上一篇： 蒜泥拌茄子是哪里的菜？蒜泥拌茄子需要用什么样的茄子？

下一篇： 微信隐藏符号功能了解下：情人节发这些表白

推荐阅读