rootkit的检测工具使用介绍(chkrootkit和rootkit hunter)

用了两个工具，一个chkrootkit，另外一个rootkit huntur。在使用了这两个产品后，觉得rootkit的信息更加详细一些。现在就对两个工具的操作和使用写一个记录，也方便之后自己查看。

1. chkrootkit的使用
project: http://www.chkrootkit.org
download: ftp://ftp.pangeia.com.br/pub/seg/pac/chkrootkit.tar.gz

1.1 解压安装
#tar -zxvf chkrootkit.tar.gz
#make sense

1.2 运行监测
#./chkrootkit
运行结果在
http://blogimg.chinaunix.net/blog/upfile2/090326111017.pdf
判断有问题的信息如下：
checking `ifconfig'... infected
checking `ls'... infected
checking `netstat'... infected
checking `ps'... infected
checking `top'... infected
searching for madalin rootkit default files... possible madalin rootkit installed
checking `bindshell'... infected (ports: 145)
checking `lkm'... you have 77 process hidden for readdir command
you have 77 process hidden for ps command
chkproc: warning: possible lkm * installed
checking `sniffer'... eth0: promisc

不幸中招，系统只能够重新安装了。在看了这个文档之后，对chkrootkit这个工具又看了一些其他资料。可以做rootkit的自动检查操作
具体可以看 http://www.centospub.com/make/chkrootkit.html

1.3 chkrootkit参数说明
usage: ./chkrootkit [options] [test ...]
options:
-h 显示帮助信息
-v 显示版本信息
-l 显示测试内容
-d debug模式，显示检测过程的相关指令程序
-q 安静模式，只显示有问题部分，
-x 高级模式，显示所有检测结果
-r dir 设定指定的目录为根目录
-p dir1:dir2:dirn 检测指定目录
-n 跳过nfs连接的目录

2. rootkit hunter的使用
project: http://www.rootkit.nl/projects/rootkit_hunter.html
download: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/rkhunter/rkhunter-1.3.4.tar.gz?use_mirror=jaist

2.1 解压安装
解压
#tar -zxvf rkhunter-1.3.4.tar.gz
安装
#cd rkhunter-1.3.4
#./installer.sh -h
usage: ./installer.sh <parameters>
ordered valid parameters:
--help (-h) : 显示帮助
--examples : 显示安装实例
--layout <value> : 选择安装模板(安装必选参数).
模板选择：
- default: (fhs compliant),
- /usr,
- /usr/local,
- oldschool: 之前版本安装路径,
- custom: 自定义安装路径,
- rpm: for building rpm's. requires $rpm_build_root.
- deb: for building deb's. requires $deb_build_root.
--striproot : strip path from custom layout (for package maintainers).
--install : 根据选择目录安装
--show : 显示安装路径
--remove : 卸载rkhunter
--version : 显示安装版本

我使用的安装指令
#./installer.sh --layout default --install

2.2 rkhunter操作
#/usr/local/bin/rkhunter --propupd
#/usr/local/bin/rkhunter -c --sk --rwo

warning: file '/bin/awk' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/basename' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/bash' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/cat' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/chmod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/chown' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/cp' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/csh' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/cut' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/date' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/df' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/dmesg' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/echo' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/ed' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/egrep' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/env' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/fgrep' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/grep' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/kill' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/login' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/ls' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/mail' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/mktemp' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/more' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/mount' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/mv' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/netstat' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/ps' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/pwd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/rpm' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/sed' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/sh' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/sort' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/su' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/touch' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/uname' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/gawk' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/bin/tcsh' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/bin/awk' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/bin/cut' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/bin/env' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: the command '/usr/bin/get' has been replaced by a script: /usr/bin/get: perl script text executable
warning: the command '/usr/bin/groups' has been replaced by a script: /usr/bin/groups: bourne shell script text executable
warning: file '/usr/bin/kill' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: the command '/usr/bin/ldd' has been replaced by a script: /usr/bin/ldd: bourne shell script text executable
warning: file '/usr/bin/top' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: the command '/usr/bin/whatis' has been replaced by a script: /usr/bin/whatis: bourne shell script text executable
warning: file '/usr/bin/gawk' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/chkconfig' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/depmod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/fuser' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/ifconfig' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/ifdown' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: the command '/sbin/ifdown' has been replaced by a script: /sbin/ifdown: bourne-again shell script text executable
warning: file '/sbin/ifup' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: the command '/sbin/ifup' has been replaced by a script: /sbin/ifup: bourne-again shell script text executable
warning: file '/sbin/init' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/insmod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/ip' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/lsmod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/modinfo' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/modprobe' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/nologin' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/rmmod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/runlevel' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/sulogin' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/sysctl' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/sbin/syslogd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/adduser' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: no hash value found for file '/usr/sbin/amd' in the rkhunter.dat file.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/amd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/chroot' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/groupadd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/groupdel' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/groupmod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/grpck' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/kudzu' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/lsof' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/prelink' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/pwck' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/sestatus' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/tcpd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/useradd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/userdel' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/usermod' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/vipw' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: file '/usr/sbin/xinetd' has the immutable-bit set.
warning: dreams rootkit [ warning ]
file '/usr/bin/sense' found
file '/usr/bin/sl2' found
file '/usr/bin/(swapd)' found
warning: checking for possible rootkit strings [ warning ]
found string '/dev/ttyoa' in file '/bin/netstat'. possible rootkit: sin rootkit
warning: found possible sniffer log file: /usr/lib/libice.log
warning: found enabled xinetd service: /etc/xinetd.d/auth
warning: found enabled xinetd service: /etc/xinetd.d/cups-lpd
warning: found enabled xinetd service: /etc/xinetd.d/swat
warning: found enabled xinetd service: /etc/xinetd.d/vmware-authd
warning: possible promiscuous interfaces:
'ifconfig' command output:
'ip' command output: eth0
warning: account 'test' is root equivalent (uid = 0)
warning: account 'james' is root equivalent (uid = 0)
warning: account 'master' is root equivalent (uid = 0)
warning: account 'admin' is root equivalent (uid = 0)
warning: the ssh configuration option 'permitrootlogin' has not been set.
the default value may be 'yes', to allow root access.
warning: the ssh configuration option 'protocol' has not been set.
the default value may be '2,1', to allow the use of protocol version 1.
warning: hidden file found: /usr/share/man/man1/..1.gz: gzip compressed data, from unix, max compression
warning: application 'exim', version '4.43', is out of date, and possibly a security risk.
warning: application 'gpg', version '1.2.6', is out of date, and possibly a security risk.
warning: application 'openssl', version '0.9.7a', is out of date, and possibly a security risk.
warning: application 'php', version '4.3.9', is out of date, and possibly a security risk.
one or more warnings have been found while checking the system.
please check the log file (/var/log/rkhunter.log)

结果就是“中招”，基本上就是重新安装系统的命了。不过从检查的结果来看，可以判断所中的rootkit的类型和被替换的系统文件。同时对一些程序版本进行检测，提供的信息比较多。

2.3 指令参数说明
#/usr/local/bin/rkhunter
usage: rkhunter {--check | --update | --versioncheck |
--propupd [{filename | directory | package name},...] |
--list [{tests | {lang | languages} | rootkits},...] |
--version | --help} [options]

current options are:
--append-log 在日志文件后追加日志，而不覆盖原有日志
--bindir <directory>... use the specified command directories
-c, --check 检测当前系统
--cs2, --color-set2 use the second color set for output
--configfile <file> 使用特定的配置文件
--cronjob 作为cron定期运行
(包含参数 -c, --sk , --nocolors )
--dbdir <directory> use the specified database directory
--debug debug模式(不要使用除非要求使用)
--disable <test>[,<test>...] 跳过指定检查对象(默认为无)
--display-logfile 在最后显示日志文件内容
--enable <test>[,<test>...] 对指定检测对象进行检查
(默认检测所有对象)
--hash {md5 | sha1 | none | 使用指定的文件哈希函数
<command>} (default is sha1)
-h, --help 显示帮助菜单
--lang, --language <language> 指定使用的语言
(default is english)
--list [tests | languages | 罗列测试对象明朝，使用语言，可检测的木马程序
rootkits]
-l, --logfile [file] 写到指定的日志文件名
(default is /var/log/rkhunter.log)
--noappend-log 不追加日志，直接覆盖日志文件
--nocolors 输出只显示黑白两色
--nolog 不写入日志文件
--nomow, --no-mail-on-warning 如果有警告信息，不发送邮件
--ns, --nosummary 不显示检查结果的统计数据
--novl, --no-verbose-logging 不显示详细记录
--pkgmgr {rpm | dpkg | bsd | 使用特定的包管理用于文件的哈希值验证
none} (default is none)
--propupd [file | directory | 更新整个文件属性数据库或仅仅更新指定条目
package]...
-q, --quiet 安静模式(no output at all)
--rwo, --report-warnings-only 只显示警告信息
-r, --rootdir <directory> 使用指定的root目录
--sk, --skip-keypress 自动完成所有检测，跳过键盘输入
--summary 显示检测结果的统计信息
(this is the default)
--syslog [facility.priority] 记录检测启动和结束时间到系统日志中
(default level is authpriv.notice)
--tmpdir <directory> 使用指定的临时目录
--update 检测更新内容
--vl, --verbose-logging 使用详细日志记录 (on by default)
-v, --version 显示版本信息
--versioncheck 检测最新版本
-x, --autox 当x在使用时，自动启动检测
-x, --no-autox 当x在使用时，不自启检测