Excel文件的上传下载解析详解
程序员文章站
2022-06-18 17:47:13
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Excel有两个版本Excel2003和Excel2007，“2003的后缀.xls”，“2007的后缀名.xlsx”
由于两者实现机制不同，当实现文件上传时两种文件不能通过一套代码实现
HSSFWorkbook只能操作excel2003以下版本,
XSSFWorkbook只能操作excel2007以上版本，
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Excel文件操作所需jar包上传2007时会报错java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlOptions
原因：缺少xmlbeans-2.6.0.jar，需要把方框中所有的jar包全部导入
页面Excel.jsp:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>POI测试</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="poitest.jspx?_m=poi_down">下载</a><br>
<form action="poitest.jspx?_m=poi_upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>PoiServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>top.wj.PoiServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>PoiServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/poitest.jspx</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>java代码：
package top.wj.web;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFChart.HSSFChartType;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class PoiServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取页面传递的参数
String method = request.getParameter("_m");
if("poi_down".equals(method)){
poi_down(request,response);
}else if("poi_upload".equals(method)){
poi_upload(request,response);
}
}
private void poi_upload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
//判断是否是普通文件
if(ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)){
//创建文件上传辅助对象
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
//设置临时空间大小
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*512);
//设置临时存储位置
factory.setRepository(new File("D:/test"));
//创建文件上传核心对象
ServletFileUpload fileUpload=new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//设置最大文件大小
fileUpload.setFileSizeMax(10*1024*1024);
try {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
//获取所有表单，解析request
List<FileItem> items=fileUpload.parseRequest(request);
for(FileItem item:items){
//判断当前的表单控件是否是一个普通控件
if(!item.isFormField()){
//是一个文件控件时
String excelFileName = new String(item.getName().getBytes(), "utf-8"); //获取上传文件的名称
//上传文件必须为excel类型,根据后缀判断(xls)
String excelContentType = excelFileName.substring(excelFileName.lastIndexOf(".")); //获取上传文件的类型
System.out.println("上传文件名:"+excelFileName);
System.out.println("文件大小:"+item.getSize());
System.out.println("\n---------------------------------------");
if(".xls".equals(excelContentType)){
//POIFSFileSystem类对象可以把Excel文件作为数据流来进行传入传出。
POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(item.getInputStream());
//创建一个workbook
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);
//打开需要解析的Sheet工作表,读取第一个工作表（下表从0开始）
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
//获取有记录的行数，即：最后有数据的行是第n行，前面有m行是空行没数据，则返回n-m；
int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
//获取有记录的列数，即：最后有数据的列是第n列，前面有m列是空列没数据，则返回n-m；
int columns = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
String value = this.getCellStringValue(cell);
System.out.print(value + "--");
}
System.out.println("\n---------------------------------------");
}
System.out.println("success！");
}else if(".xlsx".equals(excelContentType)){
//POIFSFileSystem类对象可以把Excel文件作为数据流来进行传入传出。
// POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(item.getInputStream());
//创建一个workbook
// HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);
// HSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileSystem); //2007+
InputStream inputStream = item.getInputStream();
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
//打开需要解析的Sheet工作表,读取第一个工作表（下表从0开始）
XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
//获取有记录的行数，即：最后有数据的行是第n行，前面有m行是空行没数据，则返回n-m；
int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
//获取有记录的列数，即：最后有数据的列是第n列，前面有m列是空列没数据，则返回n-m；
int columns = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
XSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
String value = this.getCellStringValueXssfCell(cell);
System.out.print(value + "--");
}
System.out.println("\n---------------------------------------");
}
System.out.println("success！");
}else{
System.out.println("必须为excel类型");
}
//顺便把文件保存到硬盘,防止重名
String newName=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMDDHHmmssms").format(new Date());
File file = new File("d:/upload");
if(!file.exists()){
file.mkdir();
}
item.write(new File("d:/upload/"+newName+excelContentType));
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
}
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private void poi_down(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
//下载的第一种示例：
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=data.xls");
ServletOutputStream stream = null;
try {
stream = response.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中样式
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("我的联系人");
sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 2000);
sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 5000);
//创建表头(第一行)
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
//列
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
cell.setCellValue("姓名");
cell.setCellStyle(style);
HSSFCell cell2 = row.createCell(1);
cell2.setCellValue("电话");
cell2.setCellStyle(style);
//创建数据行
for(int i =1;i<=20;i++) {
HSSFRow newrow = sheet.createRow(i);
newrow.createCell(0).setCellValue("tom"+i);
newrow.createCell(1).setCellValue("135816****"+i);
}
try {
workbook.write(stream);
System.out.println("下载成功");
stream.flush();
stream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//下载的第二种示例：
// // 1）浏览器发送请求给服务器（用户要下载的文件名）
// String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
// fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
//
// // 2）服务器加载用户要下载的文件数据。
// String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
//
// File file = new File(realPath,fileName);
//
// // 3）通知浏览器以下载的方式请求资源
// //a.Content-Type 设置文件媒体格式
// response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName));
// //处理中文文件名乱码
// String header = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
// if(header.contains("Firefox")){
// //表示当前是火狐
// BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
// fileName = "=?utf-8?B?" + base64Encoder.encode(fileName.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";
//
// }else{
// //谷歌
// fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8");
//
// }
// //b.Content-Disposition 设置要被下载的文件名
// response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
//
// // 4）使用IO技术，将数据发送（使用response对象发送数据）
// //a.获取输入流
// FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
// //b.获取输出流
// ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
// //缓冲区
// byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
// int len = 0;
// while(( len = in.read(buf))!=-1){
//
// out.write(buf, 0, len);
// }
// in.close();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
//获取单元格内不同类型值
public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) {
String cellValue = "";
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0)
cellValue=" ";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
cellValue=" ";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
break;
default:
break;
}
return cellValue;
}
//获取单元格内不同类型值
public String getCellStringValueXssfCell(XSSFCell cell) {
String cellValue = "";
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0)
cellValue=" ";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
cellValue=" ";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
break;
default:
break;
}
return cellValue;
}
}