golang进行简单权限认证的实现
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2022-06-16 22:17:53
使用jwt进行认证json web tokens (jwt) are a more modern approach to authentication.as the web moves to a gr...
使用jwt进行认证
json web tokens (jwt) are a more modern approach to authentication.
as the web moves to a greater separation between the client and server, jwt provides a wonderful alternative to traditional cookie based authentication models.
jwts provide a way for clients to authenticate every request without having to maintain a session or repeatedly pass login credentials to the server.
用户注册之后, 服务器生成一个 jwt token返回给浏览器, 浏览器向服务器请求数据时将 jwt token 发给服务器, 服务器用 signature 中定义的方式解码
jwt 获取用户信息.
一个 jwt token包含3部分:
1 header: 告诉我们使用的算法和 token 类型
2 payload: 必须使用 sub key 来指定用户 id, 还可以包括其他信息比如 email, username 等.
3 signature: 用来保证 jwt 的真实性. 可以使用不同算法
package main import ( "encoding/json" "fmt" "log" "net/http" "strings" "time" "github.com/codegangsta/negroni" "github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go" "github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/request" ) const ( secretkey = "welcome ---------" ) func fatal(err error) { if err != nil { log.fatal(err) } } type usercredentials struct { username string `json:"username"` password string `json:"password"` } type user struct { id int `json:"id"` name string `json:"name"` username string `json:"username"` password string `json:"password"` } type response struct { data string `json:"data"` } type token struct { token string `json:"token"` } func startserver() { http.handlefunc("/login", loginhandler) http.handle("/resource", negroni.new( negroni.handlerfunc(validatetokenmiddleware), negroni.wrap(http.handlerfunc(protectedhandler)), )) log.println("now listening...") http.listenandserve(":8087", nil) } func main() { startserver() } func protectedhandler(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) { response := response{"gained access to protected resource"} jsonresponse(response, w) } func loginhandler(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) { var user usercredentials err := json.newdecoder(r.body).decode(&user) if err != nil { w.writeheader(http.statusforbidden) fmt.fprint(w, "error in request") return } if strings.tolower(user.username) != "someone" { if user.password != "p@ssword" { w.writeheader(http.statusforbidden) fmt.println("error logging in") fmt.fprint(w, "invalid credentials") return } } token := jwt.new(jwt.signingmethodhs256) claims := make(jwt.mapclaims) claims["exp"] = time.now().add(time.hour * time.duration(1)).unix() claims["iat"] = time.now().unix() token.claims = claims if err != nil { w.writeheader(http.statusinternalservererror) fmt.fprintln(w, "error extracting the key") fatal(err) } tokenstring, err := token.signedstring([]byte(secretkey)) if err != nil { w.writeheader(http.statusinternalservererror) fmt.fprintln(w, "error while signing the token") fatal(err) } response := token{tokenstring} jsonresponse(response, w) } func validatetokenmiddleware(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request, next http.handlerfunc) { token, err := request.parsefromrequest(r, request.authorizationheaderextractor, func(token *jwt.token) (interface{}, error) { return []byte(secretkey), nil }) if err == nil { if token.valid { next(w, r) } else { w.writeheader(http.statusunauthorized) fmt.fprint(w, "token is not valid") } } else { w.writeheader(http.statusunauthorized) fmt.fprint(w, "unauthorized access to this resource") } } func jsonresponse(response interface{}, w http.responsewriter) { json, err := json.marshal(response) if err != nil { http.error(w, err.error(), http.statusinternalservererror) return } w.writeheader(http.statusok) w.header().set("content-type", "application/json") w.write(json) }
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