Android 2d游戏开发之贪吃蛇基于surfaceview
程序员文章站
2022-06-16 22:18:23
前两个游戏是基于view游戏框架的，view游戏框架只适合做静止的，异步触发的游戏，如果做一直在动的游戏，view的效率就不高了，我们需要一种同步触发的游戏框架，也就是surfaceview游戏框架，...
前两个游戏是基于view游戏框架的，view游戏框架只适合做静止的，异步触发的游戏，如果做一直在动的游戏，view的效率就不高了，我们需要一种同步触发的游戏框架，也就是surfaceview游戏框架，你可能会问，什么乱七八糟的，啥叫同步？啥叫异步？。。。我就不告诉你。。。我们先看一下这个同步框架，看看骚年你能不能自己领悟。
gameview.java(继承自surfaceview)
package com.next.eatsnake;
import android.content.context;
import android.graphics.canvas;
import android.graphics.color;
import android.graphics.paint;
import android.view.motionevent;
import android.view.surfaceholder;
import android.view.surfaceview;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.ontouchlistener;
import java.util.random;
/**
* created by next on 2016/3/24 0024.
*/
public class gameview extends surfaceview implements surfaceholder.callback,ontouchlistener,runnable {
enum gamestate{
menu,
playing,
over;
}
gamestate gamestate;//游戏状态
thread thread;//游戏线程
boolean flag;//游戏循环控制标志
canvas canvas;//画布
paint paint;//画笔
surfaceholder holder;//surfaceview控制句柄
random random;//随机数
nextevent nextevent;//游戏输入事件
int scrw,scrh;//屏幕的宽和高
public gameview(context context) {
super(context);
gamestate = gamestate.menu;
flag = true;
paint = new paint();
paint.setantialias(true);//笔迹平滑
thread = new thread(this);
random = new random();
nextevent = new nextevent();
holder = this.getholder();
holder.addcallback(this);
this.setontouchlistener(this);
setkeepscreenon(true);
scrw = ((mainactivity)context).getwindowmanager().getdefaultdisplay().getwidth();
scrh = ((mainactivity)context).getwindowmanager().getdefaultdisplay().getheight();
}
@override
public boolean ontouch(view v, motionevent event) {
if (event.getaction() == motionevent.action_down) {
nextevent.setdownx((int) event.getx());
nextevent.setdowny((int) event.gety());
}else if (event.getaction() == motionevent.action_up) {
nextevent.setupx((int) event.getx());
nextevent.setupy((int) event.gety());
}
return true;
}
private void mlogic(){
switch (gamestate){
case menu:
menulogic();
break;
case playing:
playinglogic();
break;
case over:
overlogic();
break;
}
nextevent.init();//每次逻辑循环后，清空事件
}
private void menulogic(){
if(nextevent.getupx() > 0){
gamestate = gamestate.playing;
}
}
private void playinglogic(){
if(nextevent.getdir() == nextevent.down){
gamestate = gamestate.over;
}
}
private void overlogic(){
if(nextevent.getdir() == nextevent.right){
gamestate = gamestate.menu;
}
}
private void mdraw(){
try {
canvas = holder.lockcanvas();
canvas.drawcolor(color.white);
switch (gamestate){
case menu:
menudraw(canvas);
break;
case playing:
playingdraw(canvas);
break;
case over:
overdraw(canvas);
break;
}
}catch (exception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}finally {
holder.unlockcanvasandpost(canvas);
}
}
private void menudraw(canvas canvas){
paint.setcolor(color.red);
paint.settextsize(50);
canvas.drawtext("i am in menu.touch me to next scence",100,100,paint);
}
private void playingdraw(canvas canvas){
paint.setcolor(color.red);
paint.settextsize(50);
canvas.drawtext("i am in playing,slide down to next scence ",100,100,paint);
}
private void overdraw(canvas canvas){
paint.setcolor(color.red);
paint.settextsize(50);
canvas.drawtext("i am in over,slide right to next scence",100,100,paint);
}
//这里就是同步触发机制了
//每一个时钟周期，执行一次逻辑方法和绘图方法
@override
public void run() {
while(flag){
mlogic();
mdraw();
try {
thread.sleep(500);
}catch (exception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
//surfaceview创建时调用
@override
public void surfacecreated(surfaceholder holder) {
thread.start();
}
//surfaceview发生改变时调用
@override
public void surfacechanged(surfaceholder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
//surfaceview销毁时调用
@override
public void surfacedestroyed(surfaceholder holder) {
flag = false;
}
}
这只是一个游戏框架，还没有往里写任何内容，但根据我的经验（虽然我也没有很多经验），这里已经包括了所有游戏（这里特指小游戏-_-）的主体框架代码，有了这个框架，我们就只需要写游戏的逻辑和绘图方法了，不用纠结怎么搭建游戏框架了。
这里我还加了一个nextevent的方法，在里面我封装了上个游戏用到的滑动手势，在这个挨踢圈里，人们最常说的一句话就是：不要重复造*。当我们看到写了很多重复代码时，就是我们需要精简的时候了。
上代码：
nextevent.java
package com.next.eatsnake;
/**
* created by next on 2016/3/24 0024.
*/
public class nextevent {
public static final int left = 1;
public static final int right = 2;
public static final int up = 3;
public static final int down = 4;
public static final int quiet = -1;//没有滑动
private int dir;
private int downx,downy,upx,upy;
public nextevent()
{
init();
}
public void init(){
this.dir = quiet;
this.downx = -1;
this.downy = -1;
this.upx = -1;
this.upy = -1;
}
public int getdir(){
float offsetx,offsety;
offsetx = upx - downx;
offsety = upy - downy;
if (math.abs(offsetx) > math.abs(offsety)) {
if (offsetx > 5 ) {
dir = right;
}else if (offsetx < -5) {
dir = left;
}
}else {
if (offsety > 5) {
dir = down;
}else if (offsety < -5) {
dir = up;
}
}
return dir;
}
public int getdownx() {
return downx;
}
public void setdownx(int downx) {
this.downx = downx;
}
public int getdowny() {
return downy;
}
public void setdowny(int downy) {
this.downy = downy;
}
public int getupx() {
return upx;
}
public void setupx(int upx) {
this.upx = upx;
}
public int getupy() {
return upy;
}
public void setupy(int upy) {
this.upy = upy;
}
}
这个nextevent是用来存储用户输入事件的，我们只是存储，而没有直接触发游戏逻辑。那么什么时候用到读取这个nextevent呢？如果你仔细看了第一段代码，应该已经知道了——在每一个时钟周期的逻辑方法里判断nextevent，并由此改变游戏逻辑。这种就是同步机制，而用户输入事件游戏逻辑就随之改变的就是异步机制。
下面我们用这个框架做一个贪吃蛇游戏，效果图如下：
mainactivity.java
package com.next.eatsnake;
import android.app.activity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.window;
import android.view.windowmanager;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
requestwindowfeature(window.feature_no_title);
getwindow().setflags(windowmanager.layoutparams.flag_fullscreen,windowmanager.layoutparams.flag_fullscreen);
setcontentview(new gameview(this));
}
}
gameview.java
package com.next.eatsnake;
import android.content.context;
import android.graphics.canvas;
import android.graphics.color;
import android.graphics.paint;
import android.view.motionevent;
import android.view.surfaceholder;
import android.view.surfaceview;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.ontouchlistener;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.random;
/**
* created by administrator on 2016/3/24 0024.
*/
public class gameview extends surfaceview implements surfaceholder.callback,ontouchlistener,runnable {
enum gamestate{
menu,
playing,
over;
}
gamestate gamestate;//游戏状态
thread thread;//游戏线程
boolean flag;//游戏循环控制标志
canvas canvas;//画布
paint paint;//画笔
surfaceholder holder;//surfaceview控制句柄
public static random random;//随机数
nextevent nextevent;//游戏输入事件
int scrw,scrh;//屏幕的宽和高
final int max_x = 15;
int max_y;//竖向tile数量根据max_x动态计算，保证tile是正方形
public static tile[][] tiles;
snake snake;
public static boolean iseatfood;
public gameview(context context) {
super(context);
gamestate = gamestate.menu;
flag = true;
paint = new paint();
paint.setantialias(true);//笔迹平滑
paint.settextalign(paint.align.center);//文字中间对齐
thread = new thread(this);
random = new random();
nextevent = new nextevent();
holder = this.getholder();
holder.addcallback(this);
this.setontouchlistener(this);
setkeepscreenon(true);
scrw = ((mainactivity)context).getwindowmanager().getdefaultdisplay().getwidth();
scrh = ((mainactivity)context).getwindowmanager().getdefaultdisplay().getheight();
tile.width = scrw/max_x;
max_y = scrh/tile.width;
tiles = new tile[max_x][max_y];
iseatfood = false;
}
private void newgame(){
for (int x = 0;x < max_x;x++){
for (int y = 0;y < max_y;y++){
if (x == 0||y == 0||x == max_x-1||y == max_y-1){
tiles[x][y] = new tile(x,y,tile.type_wall);
}else {
tiles[x][y] = new tile(x,y,tile.type_null);
}
}
}
snake = new snake(tiles[4][4],tiles[5][4],tiles[6][4], nextevent.down);
addfood();
addfood();
addfood();
}
public void addfood(){
arraylist<tile> nulllist = new arraylist<tile>();
for (int x = 0;x < max_x;x++){
for (int y = 0;y < max_y;y++){
if (tiles[x][y].gettype() == tile.type_null){
nulllist.add(tiles[x][y]);
}
}
}
if (nulllist.size()!=0){
nulllist.get(random.nextint(nulllist.size())).settype(tile.type_food);
}
}
@override
public boolean ontouch(view v, motionevent event) {
if (event.getaction() == motionevent.action_down) {
nextevent.setdownx((int) event.getx());
nextevent.setdowny((int) event.gety());
}else if (event.getaction() == motionevent.action_up) {
nextevent.setupx((int) event.getx());
nextevent.setupy((int) event.gety());
}
return true;
}
private void mlogic(){
switch (gamestate){
case menu:
menulogic();
break;
case playing:
playinglogic();
break;
case over:
overlogic();
break;
}
nextevent.init();//每次逻辑循环后，清空事件
}
private void menulogic(){
if(nextevent.getupx() > 0){
gamestate = gamestate.playing;
newgame();
}
}
private void playinglogic(){
if (nextevent.getdir()!=nextevent.quiet){
snake.setdir(nextevent.getdir());
}
snake.move();
if (iseatfood){
addfood();
iseatfood = false;
}
if(!snake.isalive()){
gamestate = gamestate.over;
}
}
private void overlogic(){
if(nextevent.getupx() > 0){
gamestate = gamestate.playing;
newgame();
}
}
private void mdraw(){
try {
canvas = holder.lockcanvas();
canvas.drawcolor(color.white);
switch (gamestate){
case menu:
menudraw(canvas);
break;
case playing:
playingdraw(canvas);
break;
case over:
overdraw(canvas);
break;
}
}catch (exception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}finally {
holder.unlockcanvasandpost(canvas);
}
}
private void menudraw(canvas canvas){
paint.setcolor(color.black);
paint.settextsize(50);
canvas.drawtext("eat snake,touch me and start",scrw/2,scrh/2,paint);
}
private void playingdraw(canvas canvas){
for (int x = 0;x < max_x;x++){
for (int y = 0;y < max_y;y++){
tiles[x][y].draw(canvas,paint);
}
}
}
private void overdraw(canvas canvas){
paint.setcolor(color.black);
paint.settextsize(50);
canvas.drawtext("your score is:"+snake.getlength(),scrw/2,scrh/4,paint);
canvas.drawtext("touch me and try again",scrw/2,scrh/2,paint);
}
@override
public void run() {
while(flag){
mlogic();
mdraw();
try {
thread.sleep(500);
}catch (exception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
@override
public void surfacecreated(surfaceholder holder) {
thread.start();
}
@override
public void surfacechanged(surfaceholder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
@override
public void surfacedestroyed(surfaceholder holder) {
flag = false;
}
}
tile.java
package com.next.eatsnake;
import android.graphics.canvas;
import android.graphics.color;
import android.graphics.paint;
/**
* created by next on 2016/3/26 0026.
*/
public class tile {
public static final int type_null = 0;//空
public static final int type_wall = 1;//墙
public static final int type_head = 2;//蛇头
public static final int type_body = 3;//蛇身
public static final int type_tail = 4;//蛇尾
public static final int type_food = 5;//食物
private int x,y;
private int type;
public static int width;
public tile(int x, int y, int type) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.type = type;
}
public void draw(canvas canvas,paint paint){
switch (type){
case type_null:
break;
case type_wall:
paint.setcolor(color.black);
canvas.drawcircle(x*width+width/2,y*width+width/2,width/2,paint);
break;
case type_head:
paint.setcolor(color.magenta);
canvas.drawcircle(x*width+width/2,y*width+width/2,width/2,paint);
paint.setcolor(color.white);
canvas.drawcircle(x*width+width/2,y*width+width/2,width/8,paint);
break;
case type_body:
paint.setcolor(color.magenta);
canvas.drawcircle(x*width+width/2,y*width+width/2,width/2,paint);
break;
case type_tail:
paint.setcolor(color.magenta);
paint.setstrokewidth(10);
canvas.drawline(x * width, y * width + width / 2, x * width + width / 2, y * width, paint);
canvas.drawline(x*width+ width / 2,y*width,x*width+width,y*width+width/2,paint);
canvas.drawline(x*width+width,y*width+width/2,x*width+width/2,y*width+width,paint);
canvas.drawline(x*width+width/2,y*width+width,x*width,y*width+ width / 2,paint);
break;
case type_food:
switch (gameview.random.nextint(3)){
case 0:
paint.setcolor(color.yellow);
break;
case 1:
paint.setcolor(color.green);
break;
case 2:
paint.setcolor(color.cyan);
break;
}
canvas.drawcircle(x*width+width/2,y*width+width/2,width/2,paint);
break;
}
}
public int getx() {
return x;
}
public void setx(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
public int gety() {
return y;
}
public void sety(int y) {
this.y = y;
}
public int gettype() {
return type;
}
public void settype(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
}
snake.java
package com.next.eatsnake;
import java.util.arraylist;
/**
* created by administrator on 2016/3/26 0026.
*/
public class snake {
private arraylist<tile> snake;
private int dir;
private boolean isalive;
public snake(tile head,tile body,tile tail,int dir){
snake = new arraylist<tile>();
head.settype(tile.type_head);
body.settype(tile.type_body);
tail.settype(tile.type_tail);
snake.add(head);
snake.add(body);
snake.add(tail);
isalive = true;
this.dir = dir;
}
public void move(){
if (!isalive)
return;
switch (dir){
case nextevent.left:
switch (gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()-1][snake.get(0).gety()].gettype()){
case tile.type_wall:
case tile.type_body:
case tile.type_tail:
isalive = false;
break;
case tile.type_food:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()-1][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx() - 1][snake.get(0).gety()]);
gameview.iseatfood = true;
break;
case tile.type_null:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()-1][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx() - 1][snake.get(0).gety()]);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_null);
snake.remove(snake.size()-1);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_tail);
break;
}
break;
case nextevent.right:
switch (gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()+1][snake.get(0).gety()].gettype()){
case tile.type_wall:
case tile.type_body:
case tile.type_tail:
isalive = false;
break;
case tile.type_food:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()+1][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx() + 1][snake.get(0).gety()]);
gameview.iseatfood = true;
break;
case tile.type_null:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()+1][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx() + 1][snake.get(0).gety()]);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_null);
snake.remove(snake.size() - 1);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_tail);
break;
}
break;
case nextevent.up:
switch (gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()-1].gettype()){
case tile.type_wall:
case tile.type_body:
case tile.type_tail:
isalive = false;
break;
case tile.type_food:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()-1].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()-1]);
gameview.iseatfood = true;
break;
case tile.type_null:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()-1].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()-1]);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_null);
snake.remove(snake.size()-1);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_tail);
break;
}
break;
case nextevent.down:
switch (gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()+1].gettype()){
case tile.type_wall:
case tile.type_body:
case tile.type_tail:
isalive = false;
break;
case tile.type_food:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()+1].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety() + 1]);
gameview.iseatfood = true;
break;
case tile.type_null:
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()+1].settype(tile.type_head);
gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()].settype(tile.type_body);
snake.add(0, gameview.tiles[snake.get(0).getx()][snake.get(0).gety()+1]);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_null);
snake.remove(snake.size()-1);
snake.get(snake.size()-1).settype(tile.type_tail);
break;
}
break;
}
}
public void setdir(int dir){
if (this.dir == dir||this.dir == -dir||dir == nextevent.quiet)
return;
else
this.dir = dir;
}
public boolean isalive(){
return isalive;
}
public int getlength(){
return snake.size();
}
}
nextevent.java
就是刚开始介绍的那个类，这里就不重复贴出了
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