详解C#对XML、JSON等格式的解析
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2022-06-15 18:29:45
一、c#对xml格式数据的解析
1、用xmldocument来解析
xmldocument xmldocument = new xmldocument();...
一、c#对xml格式数据的解析
1、用xmldocument来解析
xmldocument xmldocument = new xmldocument();
xmldocumentload("testxml");
//创建新节点
xmlelement nn = xmldocumentcreateelement("image");
nnsetattribute("imageurl", "jpg");
xmlnode node = xmldocumentselectsinglenode("content/section/page/gall/folder");//定位到folder节点
nodeappendchild(nn);//附加新节点
//保存
xmldocumentsave("testxml");
2、用linq to xml来解析
可以通过遍历，来获得你想要的节点的内容或属性
xelement root = xelementload("testxml");
foreach (xattribute att in rootattributes())
{
rootadd(new xelement(attname, (string)att));
}
consolewriteline(root);
3、附一个详细点的例子
比如要解析如下的xml文件，将其转化为ilist对象。
<?xml version="0" encoding="utf-8"?> <car> <carcost> <id>20130821133126</id> <uptime>60</uptime> <downtime>30</downtime> <price>4</price> </carcost> <carcost> <id>20130821014316</id> <uptime>120</uptime> <downtime>60</downtime> <price>3</price> </carcost> <carcost> <id>20130822043127</id> <uptime>30</uptime> <downtime>0</downtime> <price>5</price> </carcost> <carcost> <id>20130822043341</id> <uptime>120以上！</uptime> <downtime>120</downtime> <price>2</price> </carcost> </car>
在控制台应用程序中输入如下代码即可。
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
ilist<carcost> resultlist = new list<carcost>();
xmldocument xmldocument = new xmldocument();
xmldocumentload("testxml");
xmlnodelist xmlnodelist = xmldocumentselectsinglenode("car")childnodes;
foreach (xmlnode list in xmlnodelist)
{
carcost carcost = new carcost
(
listselectsinglenode("id")innertext,
listselectsinglenode("uptime")innertext,
listselectsinglenode("downtime")innertext,
floatparse(listselectsinglenode("price")innertext)
);
resultlistadd(carcost);
}
ienumerator enumerator = resultlistgetenumerator();
while (enumeratormovenext())
{
carcost carcost = enumeratorcurrent as carcost;
consolewriteline(carcostid + " " + carcostuptime + " " + carcostdowntime + " " + carcostprice);
}
}
}
public class carcost
{
public carcost(string id, string uptime, string downtime, float price)
{
thisid = id;
thisuptime = uptime;
thisdowntime = downtime;
thisprice = price;
}
public string id { get; set; }
public string uptime { get; set; }
public string downtime { get; set; }
public float price { get; set; }
}
二、c#对json格式数据的解析
引用newtonsoftjsondll文件，来解析。
比如：有个要解析的json字符串
[{"taskrolespaces":"","taskroles":"","proxyuserid":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","userid":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","username":"姓名","usersystemname":"2234","operationname":"送合同负责人","operationvalue":"同意","operationvaluetext":"","signdate":"2013-06-19 10:31:26","comment":"同意","formdatahashcode":"","signaturedivid":""},{"taskrolespaces":"","taskroles":"","proxyuserid":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","userid":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","username":"姓名2","usersystemname":"1234","operationname":"送合同负责人","operationvalue":"同意","operationvaluetext":"","signdate":"2013-06-20 09:37:11","comment":"同意","formdatahashcode":"","signaturedivid":""}]
首先定义个实体类：
public class jobinfo
{
public string taskrolespaces { get; set; }
public string taskroles { get; set; }
public string proxyuserid { get; set; }
public string userid { get; set; }
public string username { get; set; }
public string usersystemname { get; set; }
public string operationname { get; set; }
public string operationvalue { get; set; }
public string operationvaluetext { get; set; }
public datetime signdate { get; set; }
public string comment { get; set; }
public string formdatahashcode { get; set; }
public string signaturedivid { get; set; }
}
然后在控制台main函数内部输入如下代码：
string json = @"[{'taskrolespaces':'','taskroles':'','proxyuserid':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','userid':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','username':'姓名','usersystemname':'2234','operationname':'送合同负责人','operationvalue':'同意','operationvaluetext':'','signdate':'2013-06-19 10:31:26','comment':'同意','formdatahashcode':'','signaturedivid':''},{'taskrolespaces':'','taskroles':'','proxyuserid':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','userid':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','username':'姓名2','usersystemname':'1234','operationname':'送合同负责人','operationvalue':'同意','operationvaluetext':'','signdate':'2013-06-20 09:37:11','comment':'同意','formdatahashcode':'','signaturedivid':''}]
";
list<jobinfo> jobinfolist = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<list<jobinfo>>(json);
foreach (jobinfo jobinfo in jobinfolist)
{
consolewriteline("username:" + jobinfousername + "userid:" + jobinfouserid);
}
这样就可以正常输出内容了。
我想肯定有人会问，如果有多层关系的json字符串该如何处理呢？没关系，一样的处理。
比如如何解析这个json字符串：[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'mid':1019,'name':'aaccccc','des':'cc','disable':'启用','remark':'cccc'}}] ？
首先还是定义实体类：
public class info
{
public string phantom { get; set; }
public string id { get; set; }
public data data { get; set; }
}
public class data
{
public int mid { get; set; }
public string name { get; set; }
public string des { get; set; }
public string disable { get; set; }
public string remark { get; set; }
}
然后在main方法里面，键入：
string json = @"[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'mid':1019,'name':'aaccccc','des':'cc','disable':'启用','remark':'cccc'}}]";
list<info> infolist = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<list<info>>(json);
foreach (info info in infolist)
{
consolewriteline("id:" + infodatamid);
}
按照我们的预期，应该能够得到1019的结果。
截图为证：
再附一个json解析的例子，来自于兔子家族—二哥在本篇博客下的回复。
json字符串1：{success:true,data:{id:100001,code:\"jtl-z38005\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-202\",qty:100,bins:[{code:\"jtl-z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-001\",qty:100},{ code:\"jtl-z38002\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-002\",qty:100}]}}
定义数据结构：
public class data
{
public boolean success { get; set; }
public data1 data { get; set; }
}
public class data1
{
public int32 id { get; set; }
public string code { get; set; }
public string name { get; set; }
public string location { get; set; }
public int32 qty { get; set; }
public list<data2> bins { get; set; }
}
public class data2
{
public string code { get; set; }
public string name { get; set; }
public string location { get; set; }
public int32 qty { get; set; }
}
main函数：
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
string json = "{success:true,data:{id:100001,code:\"jtl-z38005\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-202\",qty:100,bins:[{code:\"jtl-z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-001\",qty:100},{ code:\"jtl-z38002\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-002\",qty:100}]}}";
data data = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<data>(json);
foreach (var item in datadatabins)
{
//输出：jtl-z38001、jtl-z38002，其它类似
consolewriteline(itemcode);
}
}
}
json字符串2：
{\"success\":true,\"data\":{\"name\":\"张三\",\"moulds\":{\"stockimport\":true,\"stockexport\":true,\"justifylocation\":true,\"justifybin\":false,\"binrelease\":false}}}
在控制台应用程序下的完整代码：
namespace consoleapplication1
{
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
string json = "{\"success\":true,\"data\":{\"name\":\"张三\",\"moulds\":{\"stockimport\":true,\"stockexport\":true,\"justifylocation\":true,\"justifybin\":false,\"binrelease\":false}}}";
data data = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<data>(json);
consolewriteline(datadatamouldsbinrelease);//输出false
}
}
public class data
{
public boolean success { get; set; }
public data1 data { get; set; }
}
public class data1
{
public string name { get; set; }
public data2 moulds { get; set; }
}
public class data2
{
public boolean stockimport { get; set; }
public boolean stockexport { get; set; }
public boolean justifylocation { get; set; }
public boolean justifybin { get; set; }
public boolean binrelease { get; set; }
}
}
json字符串3：
{
"success": true,
"data": {
"id": 100001,
"bin": "jit-3js-2k",
"targetbin": "jit-3js-3k",
"batchs": [
"b20140101",
"b20140102"
]
}
}
他的问题主要是不知道batchs这里怎么处理，其实很简单就是一个数组而已。
完整代码如下：
namespace consoleapplication1
{
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
string json = "{\"success\": true,\"data\": {\"id\": 100001,\"bin\": \"jit-3js-2k\",\"targetbin\": \"jit-3js-3k\",\"batchs\": [\"b20140101\",\"b20140102\"]}}";
data data = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<data>(json);
foreach (var item in datadatabatchs)
{
consolewriteline(item);//输出：b20140101、b20140102
}
}
}
public class data
{
public boolean success { get; set; }
public data1 data { get; set; }
}
public class data1
{
public int32 id { get; set; }
public string bin { get; set; }
public string targetbin { get; set; }
public string[] batchs { get; set; }
}
}
除了上述返回类的实体对象做法之外，jsonnet还提供了jobject类，可以取自己指定节点的内容。
比如：
namespace consoleapplication1
{
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
string j = "{success:true,data:{ bin:{code:\"jtl-z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"a-001\",qty:100}}}";
jobject jo = (jobject)jsonconvertdeserializeobject(j);
consolewriteline(jo);
}
}
public class data
{
public boolean success { get; set; }
public data1 data { get; set; }
}
public class data1
{
public data2 bin { get; set; }
}
public class data2
{
public string code { get; set; }
public string name { get; set; }
public string location { get; set; }
public int32 qty { get; set; }
}
}
直接运行，返回结果如下：
如果输出内容修改为：
consolewriteline(jo["data"]);
继续取bin节点。
consolewriteline(jo["data"]["bin"]);
最后我们取其中name对应的value。
consolewriteline(jo["data"]["bin"]["name"]);
一步一步的获取了json字符串对应的value。
——————————————————————————————————————————————————
群里有人提出一个问题，比如我要生成如下的json字符串，该如何处理呢？
{
"id": 1,
"value": "cate",
"child": [
{
"id": 1,
"value": "cate",
"child": [
]
},
{
"id": 1,
"value": "cate",
"child": [
{
"id": 2,
"value": "cate2",
"child": [
{
"id": 3,
"value": "cate3",
"child": [
]
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
通过观察我们会发现，其实规律比较好找，就是包含id、value、child这样的属性，child又包含id、value、child这样的属性，可以无限循环下去，是个典型的树形结构。
完整的代码如下：
namespace consoleapplication1
{
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
data data = new data();
dataid = 1;
datavalue = "cate";
datachild = new list<data>()
{
new data(){ id=1,value="cate",child=new list<data>(){}} ,
new data(){ id=1,value="cate",child=new list<data>()
{
new data()
{
id=2,
value="cate2" ,
child = new list<data>()
{
new data()
{
id = 3,
value = "cate3",
child = new list<data>(){},
}
},
}
}} ,
};
//序列化为json字符串
string json = jsonconvertserializeobject(data);
consolewriteline(json);
//反序列化为对象
data jsondata = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<data>(json);
}
}
public class data
{
public int id { get; set; }
public string value { get; set; }
public list<data> child { get; set; }
}
}
我们验证一下生成的结果：
jobject jo = (jobject)jsonconvertdeserializeobject(json); consolewriteline(jo);
再来一个复杂点的json结构：
[
{
"downlist": [],
"line": {
"id": -1,
"name": "admin",
"iccard": "1"
},
"uplist": [
{
"endtime": "18:10",
"starttime": "06:40",
"sid": 385,
"stype": "38"
},
{
"endtime": "18:10",
"starttime": "06:40",
"sid": 1036,
"stype": "38"
}
]
},
{
"downlist": [],
"line": {
"id": -1,
"name": "admin",
"iccard": "1"
},
"uplist": [
{
"endtime": "18:10",
"starttime": "06:40",
"sid": 385,
"stype": "38"
},
{
"endtime": "18:10",
"starttime": "06:40",
"sid": 1036,
"stype": "38"
}
]
}
]
namespace consoleapplication1
{
class program
{
static void main(string[] args)
{
string jsonstring = "[{\"downlist\": [],\"line\": {\"id\": -1,\"name\": \"admin\",\"iccard\": \"1\"},\"uplist\": [{\"endtime\": \"18:10\",\"starttime\": \"06:40\",\"sid\": 385,\"stype\": \"38\"},{\"endtime\": \"18:10\",\"starttime\": \"06:40\",\"sid\": 1036,\"stype\": \"38\"}]},{\"downlist\": [],\"line\": {\"id\": -1,\"name\": \"admin\",\"iccard\": \"1\"},\"uplist\": [{\"endtime\": \"18:10\",\"starttime\": \"06:40\",\"sid\": 385,\"stype\": \"38\"},{\"endtime\": \"18:10\",\"starttime\": \"06:40\",\"sid\": 1036,\"stype\": \"38\"}]}]";
data[] datas = jsonconvertdeserializeobject<data[]>(jsonstring);
foreach (data data in datas)
{
downlist[] downlist = datadownlist;
line line = dataline;
uplist[] uplists = datauplist;
//输出
consolewriteline(stringjoin(",", lineid, linename, lineiccard));
foreach (uplist uplist in uplists)
{
consolewriteline(stringjoin(",", uplistendtime, upliststarttime, uplistsid, upliststype));
}
consolewriteline("-----------------------------------------------");
}
}
}
public class data
{
public downlist[] downlist { get; set; }
public line line { get; set; }
public uplist[] uplist { get; set; }
}
public class downlist
{
}
public class line
{
public int id { get; set; }
public string name { get; set; }
public string iccard { get; set; }
}
public class uplist
{
public string endtime { get; set; }
public string starttime { get; set; }
public int sid { get; set; }
public string stype { get; set; }
}
}
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。