Android快速实现发送邮件实例

前言

现在一般很少有用android原生app发送邮件的需求，但是前段时间公司项目需要在android app 内部发送邮件，于是就在网上收集资料并整理了一个demo。虽然最后这个需求被减掉了，但是我这里还是把demo的内容给大家分享一下。

第一步、导入第三方jar包

android实现发送邮件，首先需要依赖additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar这3个jar包。google提供了下载地址： 。下载后添加到依赖（这里我就不详细说明了）。

第二步、创建相关类

1、创建mailinfo类，来代表一个即将被发送的邮件

package com.shidian.mail;

import java.util.properties;

public class mailinfo {

  private string mailserverhost;// 发送邮件的服务器的ip
  private string mailserverport;// 发送邮件的服务器的端口
  private string fromaddress;// 邮件发送者的地址
  private string toaddress;  // 邮件接收者的地址
  private string username;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名
  private string password;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码
  private boolean validate = true;// 是否需要身份验证
  private string subject;// 邮件主题
  private string content;// 邮件的文本内容
  private string[] attachfilenames;// 邮件附件的文件名

  /**
   * 获得邮件会话属性
   */
  public properties getproperties() {
    properties p = new properties();
    p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailserverhost);
    p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailserverport);
    p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
    return p;
  }

  public string getmailserverhost() {
    return mailserverhost;
  }

  public void setmailserverhost(string mailserverhost) {
    this.mailserverhost = mailserverhost;
  }

  public string getmailserverport() {
    return mailserverport;
  }

  public void setmailserverport(string mailserverport) {
    this.mailserverport = mailserverport;
  }

  public boolean isvalidate() {
    return validate;
  }

  public void setvalidate(boolean validate) {
    this.validate = validate;
  }

  public string[] getattachfilenames() {
    return attachfilenames;
  }

  public void setattachfilenames(string[] filenames) {
    this.attachfilenames = filenames;
  }

  public string getfromaddress() {
    return fromaddress;
  }

  public void setfromaddress(string fromaddress) {
    this.fromaddress = fromaddress;
  }

  public string getpassword() {
    return password;
  }

  public void setpassword(string password) {
    this.password = password;
  }

  public string gettoaddress() {
    return toaddress;
  }

  public void settoaddress(string toaddress) {
    this.toaddress = toaddress;
  }

  public string getusername() {
    return username;
  }

  public void setusername(string username) {
    this.username = username;
  }

  public string getsubject() {
    return subject;
  }

  public void setsubject(string subject) {
    this.subject = subject;
  }

  public string getcontent() {
    return content;
  }

  public void setcontent(string textcontent) {
    this.content = textcontent;
  }
}

2、创建认证类myauthenticator

package com.shidian.mail;
import javax.mail.authenticator;
import javax.mail.passwordauthentication;
public class myauthenticator extends authenticator {
  string username = null;
  string password = null;
  public myauthenticator() {
  }
  public myauthenticator(string username, string password) {
    this.username = username;
    this.password = password;
  }
  protected passwordauthentication getpasswordauthentication() {
    return new passwordauthentication(username, password);
  }
}

3、创建邮件发送类mailsender

package com.shidian.mail;

import android.util.log;

import java.io.file;
import java.util.date;
import java.util.properties;

import javax.activation.datahandler;
import javax.activation.filedatasource;
import javax.mail.address;
import javax.mail.authenticator;
import javax.mail.bodypart;
import javax.mail.message;
import javax.mail.messagingexception;
import javax.mail.multipart;
import javax.mail.passwordauthentication;
import javax.mail.session;
import javax.mail.transport;
import javax.mail.internet.internetaddress;
import javax.mail.internet.mimebodypart;
import javax.mail.internet.mimemessage;
import javax.mail.internet.mimemultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.mimeutility;

/**
 * 发送器
 */
public class mailsender {
  /**
   * 以文本格式发送邮件
   * @param mailinfo 待发送的邮件的信息
   */
  public boolean sendtextmail(final mailinfo mailinfo) {

    // 判断是否需要身份认证
    myauthenticator authenticator = null;
    properties pro = mailinfo.getproperties();
    if (mailinfo.isvalidate()) {
      // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
      authenticator = new myauthenticator(mailinfo.getusername(), mailinfo.getpassword());
    }
    // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
    session sendmailsession = session.getdefaultinstance(pro, authenticator);

//    session sendmailsession = session.getinstance(pro, new authenticator() {
//      @override
//      protected passwordauthentication getpasswordauthentication() {
//        return new passwordauthentication(mailinfo.getusername(),mailinfo.getpassword());
//      }
//    });

    try {
      // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
      message mailmessage = new mimemessage(sendmailsession);
      // 创建邮件发送者地址
      address from = new internetaddress(mailinfo.getfromaddress());
      // 设置邮件消息的发送者
      mailmessage.setfrom(from);
      // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
      address to = new internetaddress(mailinfo.gettoaddress());
      mailmessage.setrecipient(message.recipienttype.to, to);
      // 设置邮件消息的主题
      mailmessage.setsubject(mailinfo.getsubject());
      // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
      mailmessage.setsentdate(new date());

      // 设置邮件消息的主要内容
      string mailcontent = mailinfo.getcontent();
      mailmessage.settext(mailcontent);
      // 发送邮件
      transport.send(mailmessage);
      return true;
    } catch (messagingexception ex) {
      ex.printstacktrace();
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * 以html格式发送邮件
   * @param mailinfo 待发送的邮件信息
   */
  public static boolean sendhtmlmail(mailinfo mailinfo) {
    // 判断是否需要身份认证
    myauthenticator authenticator = null;
    properties pro = mailinfo.getproperties();
    // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
    if (mailinfo.isvalidate()) {
      authenticator = new myauthenticator(mailinfo.getusername(), mailinfo.getpassword());
    }
    // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
    session sendmailsession = session.getdefaultinstance(pro, authenticator);
    try {
      // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
      message mailmessage = new mimemessage(sendmailsession);
      // 创建邮件发送者地址
      address from = new internetaddress(mailinfo.getfromaddress());
      // 设置邮件消息的发送者
      mailmessage.setfrom(from);
      // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
      address to = new internetaddress(mailinfo.gettoaddress());
      // message.recipienttype.to属性表示接收者的类型为to
      mailmessage.setrecipient(message.recipienttype.to, to);
      // 设置邮件消息的主题
      mailmessage.setsubject(mailinfo.getsubject());
      // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
      mailmessage.setsentdate(new date());
      // minimultipart类是一个容器类，包含mimebodypart类型的对象
      multipart mainpart = new mimemultipart();
      // 创建一个包含html内容的mimebodypart
      bodypart html = new mimebodypart();
      // 设置html内容
      html.setcontent(mailinfo.getcontent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
      mainpart.addbodypart(html);
      // 将minimultipart对象设置为邮件内容
      mailmessage.setcontent(mainpart);
      // 发送邮件
      transport.send(mailmessage);
      return true;
    } catch (messagingexception ex) {
      ex.printstacktrace();
    }
    return false;
  }


  /**
   * 发送带附件的邮件
   * @param info
   * @return
   */
  public boolean sendfilemail(mailinfo info, file file){
    message attachmentmail = createattachmentmail(info,file);
    try {
      transport.send(attachmentmail);
      return true;
    } catch (messagingexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
      return false;
    }

  }

  /**
   * 创建带有附件的邮件
   * @return
   */
  private message createattachmentmail(final mailinfo info, file file) {
    //创建邮件
    mimemessage message = null;
    properties pro = info.getproperties();
    try {

      session sendmailsession = session.getinstance(pro, new authenticator() {
        @override
        protected passwordauthentication getpasswordauthentication() {
          return new passwordauthentication(info.getusername(),info.getpassword());
        }
      });

      message = new mimemessage(sendmailsession);
      // 设置邮件的基本信息
      //创建邮件发送者地址
      address from = new internetaddress(info.getfromaddress());
      //设置邮件消息的发送者
      message.setfrom(from);
      //创建邮件的接受者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
      address to = new internetaddress(info.gettoaddress());
      //设置邮件消息的接受者, message.recipienttype.to属性表示接收者的类型为to
      message.setrecipient(message.recipienttype.to, to);
      //邮件标题
      message.setsubject(info.getsubject());

      // 创建邮件正文，为了避免邮件正文中文乱码问题，需要使用charset=utf-8指明字符编码
      mimebodypart text = new mimebodypart();
      text.setcontent(info.getcontent(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");

      // 创建容器描述数据关系
      mimemultipart mp = new mimemultipart();
      mp.addbodypart(text);
        // 创建邮件附件
        mimebodypart attach = new mimebodypart();

      filedatasource ds = new filedatasource(file);
      datahandler dh = new datahandler(ds);
        attach.setdatahandler(dh);
        attach.setfilename(mimeutility.encodetext(dh.getname()));
        mp.addbodypart(attach);
      mp.setsubtype("mixed");
      message.setcontent(mp);
      message.savechanges();

    } catch (exception e) {
      log.e("tag", "创建带附件的邮件失败");
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    // 返回生成的邮件
    return message;
  }
}

第三步、发送邮件

这里举例发送文本邮件和带附件的邮件

package teprinciple.yang.sendmaildemo;

import android.os.environment;
import android.support.v7.app.appcompatactivity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.edittext;

import com.shidian.mail.sendmailutil;

import java.io.file;
import java.io.filenotfoundexception;
import java.io.fileoutputstream;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.outputstream;

public class mainactivity extends appcompatactivity {

  private edittext edittext;

  @override
  protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
    edittext = (edittext) findviewbyid(r.id.toaddet);
  }


  public void sentextmail(view view) {
    sendmailutil.send(edittext.gettext().tostring());
  }

  public void sendfilemail(view view) {

    file file = new file(environment.getexternalstoragedirectory()+file.separator+"test.txt");
    outputstream os = null;
    try {
      os = new fileoutputstream(file);
      string str = "hello world";
      byte[] data = str.getbytes();
      os.write(data);
    } catch (filenotfoundexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    } catch (ioexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }finally{
      try {
        if (os != null)os.close();
      } catch (ioexception e) {
      }
    }
    sendmailutil.send(file,edittext.gettext().tostring());
  }
}

下面是发送邮件的sendmailutil

package com.shidian.mail;

import android.support.annotation.nonnull;

import java.io.file;

/**
 * created by administrator on 2017/4/10.
 */

public class sendmailutil {
  //qq
  private static final string host = "smtp.qq.com";
  private static final string port = "587";
  private static final string from_add = "[e-mail]";
  private static final string from_psw = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";

//  //163
//  private static final string host = "smtp.163.com";
//  private static final string port = "465"; //或者465 994
//  private static final string from_add = "[e-mail]";
//  private static final string from_psw = "teprinciple163";
////  private static final string to_add = "[e-mail]";

  public static void send(final file file,string toadd){
    final mailinfo mailinfo = creatmail(toadd);
    final mailsender sms = new mailsender();
    new thread(new runnable() {
      @override
      public void run() {
        sms.sendfilemail(mailinfo,file);
      }
    }).start();
  }

  public static void send(string toadd){
    final mailinfo mailinfo = creatmail(toadd);
    final mailsender sms = new mailsender();
    new thread(new runnable() {
      @override
      public void run() {
        sms.sendtextmail(mailinfo);
      }
    }).start();
  }

  @nonnull
  private static mailinfo creatmail(string toadd) {
    final mailinfo mailinfo = new mailinfo();
    mailinfo.setmailserverhost(host);
    mailinfo.setmailserverport(port);
    mailinfo.setvalidate(true);
    mailinfo.setusername(from_add); // 你的邮箱地址
    mailinfo.setpassword(from_psw);// 您的邮箱密码
    mailinfo.setfromaddress(from_add); // 发送的邮箱
    mailinfo.settoaddress(toadd); // 发到哪个邮件去
    mailinfo.setsubject("hello"); // 邮件主题
    mailinfo.setcontent("android 测试"); // 邮件文本
    return mailinfo;
  }
}

特别注意：一定要打开邮箱pop3/imap/smtp服务，不然认证会失败

项目地址：https://github.com/teprinciple/sendmaildemo

demo下载地址：sendmaildemo_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。