C#在winform中实现数据增删改查等功能

winform中利用ado.net实现对单表的增删改查的详细例子，具体如下：

1.前言：

运行环境：vs2013+sql2008+windows10

程序界面预览：

使用的主要控件：datagridview和menustrip等。

 2.功能具体介绍：

1.首先，我们要先实现基本的数据操作，增删改查这几个操作。

（1）先定义一个数据库操作的公共类：

using system;
using system.collections.generic;
using system.linq;
using system.text;
using system.threading.tasks;
using system.data;
using system.configuration;
using system.data.sqlclient;
using system.security.cryptography;

namespace data
{
 class sqldesigner
 {
  private static string connstr = configurationmanager.connectionstrings["data"].connectionstring;
  /// <summary>
  /// 返回受影响的数据行数
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="sql"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static int executenoquery(string sql)
  {
   using (sqlconnection conn=new sqlconnection(connstr))
   {
    conn.open();
    using (sqlcommand cmd=conn.createcommand())
    {
     cmd.commandtext = sql;
     return cmd.executenonquery();
     
    }
   }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 返回一个数据集
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="sql"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static dataset executedataset(string sql)
  {
   using (sqlconnection xonn=new sqlconnection(connstr))
   {
    xonn.open();
    using (sqlcommand cmd = xonn.createcommand())
    {
     cmd.commandtext = sql;
     sqldataadapter adapter = new sqldataadapter(cmd);
     dataset dataset = new dataset();
     adapter.fill(dataset);
     return dataset;
    }
   }
  }
  public static object executescalar(string sql)
  {
   using (sqlconnection conn=new sqlconnection(connstr))
   {
    conn.open();
    using (sqlcommand cmd=conn.createcommand())
    {
     cmd.commandtext = sql;
     return cmd.executescalar();
    }
   }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// md5加密
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="strpwd"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static string getmd5(string strpwd)
  {
   string pwd = "";
   //实例化一个md5对象
   md5 md5 = md5.create();
   // 加密后是一个字节类型的数组
   byte[] s = md5.computehash(encoding.utf8.getbytes(strpwd));
   //翻转生成的md5码  
   s.reverse();
   //通过使用循环，将字节类型的数组转换为字符串，此字符串是常规字符格式化所得
   //只取md5码的一部分，这样恶意访问者无法知道取的是哪几位
   for (int i = 3; i < s.length - 1; i++)
   {
    //将得到的字符串使用十六进制类型格式。格式后的字符是小写的字母，如果使用大写（x）则格式后的字符是大写字符
    //进一步对生成的md5码做一些改造
    pwd = pwd + (s[i] < 198 ? s[i] + 28 : s[i]).tostring("x");
   }
   return pwd;
  }
 
 }
}

（2）运用建立的公共类，进行数据库的操作：

a.数据查询：

ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select * from dtuser");   
dt = ds.tables[0];   
datagridview1.datasource = dt;

b.数据添加

 i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("insert into dtuser(uid,uname,pwd,uflag)values('" + textbox1.text + "','" + textbox2.text + "','" +textbox3.text+ "','" + textbox4.text + "')");

c.数据删除

string currentindex = datagridview1.currentrow.cells[0].value.tostring();
i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("delete from dtuser where uid='" + currentindex + "'");

d.数据修改

i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("update dtrole set rname='" + textbox2.text + "',flag='" + textbox3.text + "'where rid='" + textbox1.text + "'");

e.一些细节

这里，我们修改一下添加数据，让添加的数据变成字符串的形式，也就是加密操作：

string str = sqldesigner.getmd5(textbox3.text.trim());    
 i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("insert into dtuser(uid,uname,pwd,uflag)values('" + textbox1.text + "','" + textbox2.text + "','" + str + "','" + textbox4.text + "')");

（3）datagridview控件：

//绑定数据源
datagridview1.datasource = dt;
//自动适应列宽
datagridview1.columns[1].autosizemode = datagridviewautosizecolumnmode.allcells;

3.代码仅供参考：

using system;
using system.collections.generic;
using system.componentmodel;
using system.data;
using system.drawing;
using system.linq;
using system.text;
using system.threading.tasks;
using system.windows.forms;

namespace data
{
 public partial class form1 : form
 {
  
  public form1()
  {
   initializecomponent();   
  }     
    
  dataset ds = new dataset();
  datatable dt = new datatable();

  private void textboxnull()
  {
   textbox1.text = "";
   textbox2.text = "";
   textbox3.text = "";
   textbox4.text = "";
  }
  private void 用户toolstripmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {
   textboxnull();
   ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select * from dtuser");   
   dt = ds.tables[0];
   datagridview1.datasource = dt;
   labelshow();
  }

  private void 角色toolstripmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {
   textboxnull();
   ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select *from dtrole");
   dt = ds.tables[0];
   datagridview1.datasource = dt;
   label4.text = "none";
   textbox4.text = "none";
   labelshow();
  }

  private void 对象toolstripmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {
   textboxnull();
   ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select * from dtfunction");
   dt = ds.tables[0];
   datagridview1.datasource = dt;
   labelshow();
  }

  private void 帮助toolstripmenuitem_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {
   textboxnull();
   ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select * from help");
   dt = ds.tables[0];
   datagridview1.datasource = dt;
   datagridview1.columns[1].autosizemode = datagridviewautosizecolumnmode.allcells;
  }
  //双击datagridview1
  private void datagridview1_celldoubleclick(object sender, datagridviewcelleventargs e)
  {
   string index = datagridview1.currentrow.cells[0].value.tostring();
   if (label1.text == "uid")
   {
    ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select *from dtuser where uid='" + index + "'");
    dt = ds.tables[0];
    datarow row = dt.rows[0];
    textbox1.text = row["uid"].tostring();
    textbox2.text = row["uname"].tostring();
    textbox3.text = row["pwd"].tostring();
    textbox4.text = row["uflag"].tostring();
   }
   if (label1.text == "rid")
   {
    ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select *from dtrole where rid='" + index + "'");
    dt = ds.tables[0];
    datarow row = dt.rows[0];
    textbox1.text = row["rid"].tostring();
    textbox2.text = row["rname"].tostring();
    textbox3.text = row["flag"].tostring();
    textbox4.text = "none";
   }
   if (label1.text == "fid")
   {
    ds = sqldesigner.executedataset("select *from dtfunction where fid='" + index + "'");
    dt = ds.tables[0];
    datarow row = dt.rows[0];
    textbox1.text = row["fid"].tostring();
    textbox2.text = row["fname"].tostring();
    textbox3.text = row["flag"].tostring();
    textbox4.text = row["uflag"].tostring();
   }
  }
  private void labelshow() 
  {
   label1.text = datagridview1.columns[0].headertext;
   label2.text = datagridview1.columns[1].headertext;
   label3.text = datagridview1.columns[2].headertext;
   try
   {
    label4.text = datagridview1.columns[3].headertext;
   }
   catch (exception)
   {

    label4.text = "none";
   }               
  }    
  private void btn_add_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {   
   int i = 0;
   if (label1.text=="uid")
   {
    string str = sqldesigner.getmd5(textbox3.text.trim());    
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("insert into dtuser(uid,uname,pwd,uflag)values('" + textbox1.text + "','" + textbox2.text + "','" + str + "','" + textbox4.text + "')");
   }
   else if (label1.text == "rid")
   {    
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("insert into dtrole(rid,rname,flag)values('" + textbox1.text + "','" + textbox2.text + "','" + textbox3.text + "')");
   }
   else
   {
    try
    {
     i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("insert into dtfunction(fid,rid,uid,uflag)values('" + textbox1.text + "','" + textbox2.text + "','" + textbox3.text + "','" + textbox4.text + "')");
    }
    catch (exception)
    {
     messagebox.show("添加失败");
    }
    
   }
   
   if (i > 0)
   {
    messagebox.show("添加成功");
   }
   else
   {
    messagebox.show("添加失败");
   }          
  }
  
  private void btn_del_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {
   int i = 0;
   string currentindex = datagridview1.currentrow.cells[0].value.tostring();
   if (label1.text=="uid")
   {
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("delete from dtuser where uid='" + currentindex + "'");
   }
   else if (label1.text=="fid")
   {
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("delete from dtfunction where fid='" + currentindex + "'");
   }
   else
   {
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("delete from dtrole where rid='" + currentindex + "'");
   }
   if (i > 0)
   {
    messagebox.show("删除成功");
   }
   else
   {
    messagebox.show("删除失败");
   }
  }

  private void btn_update_click(object sender, eventargs e)
  {
   int i = 0;
   if (label1.text == "rid")
   {
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("update dtrole set rname='" + textbox2.text + "',flag='" + textbox3.text + "'where rid='" + textbox1.text + "'");
   }
   if (label1.text == "uid")
   {
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("update dtuser set uname='" + textbox2.text + "',pwd='" + textbox3.text + "',uflag='" + textbox4.text + "'where uid='" + textbox1.text + "'");
   }
   if (label1.text=="fid")
   {
    i = sqldesigner.executenoquery("update dtfunction set rid='" + textbox2.text + "',uid='" + textbox3.text + "',uflag='" + textbox4.text + "'where fid='" + textbox1.text + "'");
   }
   if (i > 0)
   {
    messagebox.show("succeed！");
   }
   else
   {
    messagebox.show("failed！");
   }
  } 

  
 }
}

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