Python—发送邮件

一、发送纯文本邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import mimetext
from email.header import header

subject = "邮件标题"      # 邮件的主题
content = "邮件内容"      # 邮件的内容
sender = "[e-mail]"        # 发件人
password = "qnrwndesjxmmijce"       # 刚才我们在qq邮箱里设置的授权密码
receiver = "[e-mail]"      # 收件人

message = mimetext(content, "plain", "utf-8")  # 发送的内容,内容的格式类型(plain与html),内容的编码方式
message["from"] = sender          # 发送邮箱
message["to"] = receiver          # 接收邮箱
message["subject"] = subject      # 邮件标题
# message['subject'] = header(subject, 'utf-8')  # subject
# message = '\n'.join(['from: {}'.format(sender), 'to: {}'.format(receiver), 'subject: {}'.format(subject), '', content])

# smtp = smtplib.smtp("smtp.qq.com", 25)       # smtp：普通的邮件发送形式
smtp = smtplib.smtp_ssl("smtp.qq.com", 465)    # smtp_ssl：qq邮箱的smtp服务器（端口465或587）
smtp.set_debuglevel(1)                         # 用set_debuglevel(1)就可以打印出和smtp服务器交互的所有信息
smtp.login(sender, password)                   # 登录smtp服务器，输入发送邮箱和密码
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())
smtp.quit()
smtp.close()

二、发送html格式的邮件

python发送html格式的邮件与发送纯文本消息的邮件不同之处就是将mimetext中_subtype设置为html。

content = '<h1>hello</h1>' + '<p>send by <a href="http://www.python.org">python</a>...</p>'
message = mimetext(content, "html", "utf-8")

三、发送文本中带图片的邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import mimetext
from email.mime.image import mimeimage
from email.mime.multipart import mimemultipart

subject = "图片邮件测试"
content = """<p>python 邮件发送测试...</p><p><img src="cid:image1"></p>"""
sender = "[e-mail]"    # 发送人,换成自己的!
password = "qnrwndesjxmmijce"   # 授权码,换成自己的!
receiver = "[e-mail]"  # 收件人

message = mimemultipart("related")   # 构造一个mimemultipart对象代表邮件本身。related 表示使用内嵌资源的形式 将邮件发送给对方
message["from"] = sender
message["to"] = receiver
message["subject"] = subject

# msgalternative = mimemultipart('alternative')               # 接收者的别名
# msgalternative.attach(mimetext(content, 'html', 'utf-8'))   # 添加文本
# message.attach(msgalternative)
message.attach(mimetext(content, 'html', 'utf-8'))   # 一步到位，不用上面三行代码

# ---------------发送图片的第一种方式-----------------------
with open(r'c:\users\bt.cn\desktop\004.jpg', 'rb') as fp:   # 二进制模式读取图片
    msgimage = mimeimage(fp.read())
msgimage.add_header("content-id", "<image1>")  # 定义图片id，在html文本中引用
message.attach(msgimage)                       # 添加图片到邮箱信息中去

# ---------------发送图片的第二种方式-----------------------
# msgimage = mimetext(open(r'c:\users\bt.cn\desktop\004.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
# msgimage['content-disposition'] = 'attachment;filename="happy.png"'
# message.attach(msgimage)

smtp = smtplib.smtp_ssl("smtp.qq.com", 465)
smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
smtp.login(sender, password)
try:
    smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())
    smtp.quit()
    smtp.close()
except exception as e:
    print("邮件发送失败,错误原因[{0}]".format(str(e)))
print("邮件发送成功")

四、发送