Kite的学习历程之SpringMVC入门案例
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2022-06-06 14:41:39
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Kite学习框架的第十二天
1. SpringMVC入门案例
1.1 环境的搭建
使用maven的appwwb，下面为pom.xml引入的jar包
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<!--进行版本的锁定-->
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
1.2 创建控制类
@Controller //交给ioc容器进行管理：控制器Controller负责处理由DispatcherServlet分发的请求，它把用户请求的数据经过业务处理层处理之后封装成一个Model ，然后再把该Model返回给对应的View进行展示。
@RequestMapping(path="/hello") //@RequestMapping来映射Request请求与处理器
package cn.kitey.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* 控制器类
*/
@Controller //交给ioc容器进行管理：控制器Controller负责处理由DispatcherServlet分发的请求，它把用户请求的数据经过业务处理层处理之后封装成一个Model ，然后再把该Model返回给对应的View进行展示。
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(path="/hello") //@RequestMapping来映射Request请求与处理器
public String Hello(){
System.out.println("Hello SpringMvc");
return "success";
}
}
1.3 重新创建index.jsp页面，以及条装页面scuccess.jsp
index.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 小风筝
Date: 2020/6/18
Time: 9:06
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>入门程序</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>入门程序</h3>
<%--相对的路径写法--%>
<a href="hello">入门程序</a>
</body>
</html>
scuccess.jsp 创建于WEB-INF/pages/下
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 小风筝
Date: 2020/6/18
Time: 9:30
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>入门</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>表示你已经入门成功了！</h3>
</body>
</html>
1.4 配置springmvc.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启对包路径的扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.kitey"></context:component-scan>
<!--开启视图解析器 -->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--注入文件所在的路径-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<!--配置扫描的文件后缀名-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!--开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>
1.5 配置web.xml wen文件
contextConfigLocation： 使用前端加载器加载spring的配置文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--前端控制器的配置-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--使用前端控制器加载配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation </param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--为了启动时就进行创建-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
运行结果截图
当我们点击了入门案例后，就会跳转到success.jsp这里我们借助了注解
RequestMappering(path="/hello")执行了控制类中的方法Hello进行返回，这时，springmvc.xml中的视图解析器开始解析，通过internalResourceViewResolver中的prefix。suffix进行问价匹配到了success.jsp.这时入门案例运行成功！