数据结构—队列的顺序和链式存储

队列的顺序存储

队列（queue）是只允许在一端进行插入操作，而在另一端进行删除操作的线性表

队列的特点：先进先出

queue.h

#pragma once
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 1024
typedef struct  QUEUE
{
	struct  QUEUE* Data[MAX_SIZE];//创建队列容器1024
	int size;//统计队列数据
}Queue;

typedef void* Sequence_Queue;
//初始化
Sequence_Queue Init_Queue();
//入队
void Push_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue, void* data);
//出队
void Pop_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue);
//获得队头元素
void* Front_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue);
//获得队尾元素
void* Back_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue);
//获得队列长度
int Size_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue);
//销毁队列
void Destroy_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue);

queue.c

#include"queue.h"
//初始化
Sequence_Queue Init_Queue()
{
	Queue* SeqQueue = (Queue*)malloc(sizeof(Queue));
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Init_Queue SeqQueue malloc error\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	int i = 0;
	for (; i < MAX_SIZE; ++i)
	{
		SeqQueue->Data[i] = NULL;
	}
	SeqQueue->size = 0;
	return SeqQueue;
	
}
//入队
void Push_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue, void* data)
{
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Push_Queue SeqQueue is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	if (NULL == data)
	{
		printf("Push_Queue data is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	Queue* seqqueue = (Queue*)SeqQueue;
	//选择最下标最大的为头端队列
	if (seqqueue->size == MAX_SIZE)
	{
		return;
	}
	int i = seqqueue->size-1;
	for (; i >=0; --i)
	{
		seqqueue->Data[i + 1] = seqqueue->Data[i];
	}
	seqqueue->Data[0] = data;
	++seqqueue->size;

}
//出队
void Pop_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue)
{
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Pop_Queue SeqQueue is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	Queue* seqqueue = (Queue*)SeqQueue;
	if (seqqueue->size == 0)
	{
		return;
	}
	--seqqueue->size;

}
//获得队头元素
void* Front_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue)
{
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Front_Queue SeqQueue is NULL\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	Queue* seqqueue = (Queue*)SeqQueue;
	if (seqqueue->size == 0)
	{
		return NULL;
	}
	return seqqueue->Data[seqqueue->size - 1];
}
//获得队尾元素
void* Back_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue)
{
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Back_Queue SeqQueue is NULL\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	Queue* seqqueue = (Queue*)SeqQueue;
	if (seqqueue->size == 0)
	{
		return NULL;
	}
	return seqqueue->Data[0];
}

//获得队列长度
int Size_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue)
{
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Size_Queue SeqQueue is NULL\n");
		return -1;
	}
	Queue* seqqueue = (Queue*)SeqQueue;
	return seqqueue->size;
}
//销毁队列
void Destroy_Queue(Sequence_Queue SeqQueue)
{
	if (NULL == SeqQueue)
	{
		printf("Destroy_Queue SeqQueue is NULL\n");
	}
	free(SeqQueue);
}

main.c

#include"queue.h"
typedef struct STUDENT
{
	char name[64];
	int age;

}student;

int main()
{
	student s1 = { "student1", 10 };
	student s2 = { "student2", 20 };
	student s3 = { "student3", 30 };
	student s4 = { "student4", 40 };
	student s5 = { "student5", 50 };
	Queue* SeqQueue=Init_Queue();
	Push_Queue(SeqQueue, &s1);
	Push_Queue(SeqQueue, &s2);
	Push_Queue(SeqQueue, &s3);
	Push_Queue(SeqQueue, &s4);
	Push_Queue(SeqQueue, &s5);
	//获取队列长度
	int size = Size_Queue(SeqQueue);
	printf("Size:%d\n", size);

	//获取队列尾部
	student* SBack = (student*)Back_Queue(SeqQueue);
	printf("Name:%s,Age:%d\n", SBack->name, SBack->age);
	printf("------------------------\n");
	//获取队列的每个元素
	while (SeqQueue->size>0)
	{
		student* s = (student*)Front_Queue(SeqQueue);
		printf("Name:%s,Age:%d\n",s->name,s->age);
		Pop_Queue(SeqQueue);
	}
	
	Destroy_Queue(SeqQueue);
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

打印结果

队列的链式存储

queue_link.h

#pragma once
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>

//链式队列节点
typedef struct QUEUENODE{
	struct QUEUENODE* next;
}QueueNode;


//队列
typedef struct LINKQUEUE{
	QueueNode header;
	int size;
}LinkQueue;

typedef void* LQueue;

//初始化
LQueue Init_LinkQueue();
//入队
void Push_LinkQueue(LQueue queue, QueueNode* data);
//出队
void Pop_LinkQueue(LQueue queue);
//获得队头元素
void* Front_LinkQueue(LQueue queue);
//获得队尾元素
void* Back_LinkQueue(LQueue queue);
//队列大小
int Size_LinkQueue(LQueue queue);
//销毁队列
void Destroy_LinkQueue(LQueue queue);

queue_link.c

#include"queue_link.h"

//初始化
LQueue Init_LinkQueue()
{
	LinkQueue* lqueue = (LinkQueue*)malloc(sizeof(LinkQueue));
	if (NULL == lqueue)
	{
		printf("Init_LinkQueue lqueue malloc error\n");
	}
	lqueue->header.next = NULL;
	lqueue->size = 0;
	return lqueue;
}

//入队
void Push_LinkQueue(LQueue queue, QueueNode* data)
{
	if (NULL == queue)
	{
		printf("Push_LinkQueue queue is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	if (NULL == data)
	{
		printf("Push_LinkQueue data is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	LinkQueue* lqueue = (LinkQueue*)queue;
	//辅助指针,找到最后一个元素
	QueueNode* Pcurrent = &(lqueue->header);
	int i=0;
	for (; i < lqueue->size; ++i)
	{
		Pcurrent = Pcurrent->next;
	}
	//新元素入队列
	data->next = Pcurrent->next;
	Pcurrent->next = data;
	++lqueue->size;
}

//出队
void Pop_LinkQueue(LQueue queue)
{
	if (NULL == queue)
	{
		printf("Pop_LinkQueue queue is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	LinkQueue* lqueue = (LinkQueue*)queue;
	if (lqueue->size == 0)
	{
		return;
	}
	//辅助指针
	QueueNode* Pcurrent = lqueue->header.next;
	lqueue->header.next = Pcurrent->next;
	--lqueue->size;
}

//获得队头元素
void* Front_LinkQueue(LQueue queue)
{
	if (NULL == queue)
	{
		printf("Front_LinkQueue queue is NULL\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	LinkQueue* lqueue = (LinkQueue*)queue;
	if (lqueue->size == 0)
	{
		return NULL;
	}
	return lqueue->header.next;
}

//获得队尾元素
void* Back_LinkQueue(LQueue queue)
{
	if (NULL == queue)
	{
		printf("Back_LinkQueue queue is NULL\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	LinkQueue* lqueue = (LinkQueue*)queue;
	if (lqueue->size == 0)
	{
		return NULL;
	}

	QueueNode* Pcurrent = &(lqueue->header);
	int i = 0;
	for (; i < lqueue->size; ++i)
	{
		Pcurrent = Pcurrent->next;
	}
	return Pcurrent;
}

//队列大小
int Size_LinkQueue(LQueue queue)
{
	if (NULL == queue)
	{
		printf("Size_LinkQueue queue is NULL\n");
		return -1;
	}
	LinkQueue* lqueue = (LinkQueue*)queue;
	return lqueue->size;

}

//销毁队列
void Destroy_LinkQueue(LQueue queue)
{
	if (NULL == queue)
	{
		printf("Destroy_LinkQueue queue is NULL\n");
		return;
	}
	free(queue);
}

main.c

#include"queue_link.h"
typedef struct STUDENT2
{
	QueueNode header;//前四个字节存放下一个节点的地址（指向下一个节点）
	char name[64];
	int age;

}student;


int main()
{
	student s1 = { NULL, "aaaa", 10 };
	student s2 = { NULL, "aaaa", 20 };
	student s3 = { NULL, "aaaa", 30 };
	student s4 = { NULL, "aaaa", 40 };
	student s5 = { NULL, "aaaa", 50 };
	LQueue lqueue = Init_LinkQueue();
	Push_LinkQueue(lqueue, &s1);
	Push_LinkQueue(lqueue, &s2);
	Push_LinkQueue(lqueue, &s3);
	Push_LinkQueue(lqueue, &s4);
	Push_LinkQueue(lqueue, &s5);
	//获得队列大小
	LinkQueue* queue = (LinkQueue*)lqueue;
	int size = queue->size;
	printf("Size=%d\n",size);

	//获得队尾元素
	student* Back = (student*)Back_LinkQueue(lqueue);
	printf("Name:%s,Age:%d\n", Back->name, Back->age);
	printf("-------------------------------------\n");
	//取出所有队列元素
	while (queue->size>0)
	{
		student* s = (student*)Front_LinkQueue(lqueue);
		printf("Name:%s,Age:%d\n",s->name,s->age);
		Pop_LinkQueue(lqueue);
	}

	Destroy_LinkQueue(lqueue);
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

打印结果