Python实现简易版的Web服务器(推荐)

下面给大家介绍python实现简易版的web服务器，具体内容详情大家通过本文学习吧！

1、请自行了解HTTP协议

http://www.cnblogs.com/reboot51/p/8358129.html（点击跳转）

2、创建Socket服务，监听指定IP和端口

3、以阻塞方式等待客户端连接

4、读取客户端请求数据并进行解析

5、准备服务器运行上下文

6、处理客户端请求数据

7、根据用户请求路径读取文件

8、返回响应结果给客户端

9、程序入口

10、目录结构

11、运行

python wsgiserver.py app:run

12、源码

a.wsgiserver.py文件

#encoding:utf-8
import socket
import StringIO
import sys
import logging
from datetime import datetime
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class WSGIServer(object):
  address_family = socket.AF_INET
  socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
  request_queue_size = 30
  recv_size = 1024
  def __init__(self, server_address):
    self._listen_socket = _listen_socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
                             self.socket_type)    _listen_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)    _listen_socket.bind(server_address)  
    _listen_socket.listen(self.request_queue_size)   
    _host, _port = _listen_socket.getsockname()
    self._server_name = socket.getfqdn(_host)
    self._server_port = _port
    self._headers_set = []
    self._application = None
    self._client = None
    self._request_data = None
    self._request_method = None
    self._path = None
    self._request_version = None
    self._start_response = None
  def set_application(self, application):
    self._application = application
  def server_forever(self):  
    _listen_socket = self._listen_socket
    logger.info('listen on %s:%s', self._server_name, self._server_port)   while 1:   
      try:
        self._client, _addr = _listen_socket.accept()
        self._handle_request(_addr)
      except KeyboardInterrupt as e:
        logger.info('interrupt')
        break
      except BaseException as e:
        logger.error(e)
  def _handle_request(self, client_addr):
    self._request_data = _request_data = self._client.recv(self.recv_size)
    self._parse_request_data(_request_data)    
    _env = self._get_environment(client_addr)  
    _result = self._application(_env, self.start_response)
    self._finish_response(_result)
  def _parse_request_data(self, request_data):  
    _request_line = str(request_data.splitlines()[0]).rstrip('\r\n')
    (self._request_method, self._path, self._request_version) = _request_line.split()
  def _get_environment(self, client_addr):   
    _env = {}    
    _env['wsgi.version'] = (1, 0)    
    _env['wsgi.url_scheme'] = 'http'
    _env['wsgi.input'] = StringIO.StringIO(self._request_data)        _env['wsgi.errors'] = sys.stderr    
    _env['wsgi.multithread'] = False
    _env['wsgi.multiprocess'] = False
    _env['wsgi.run_once'] = False
    _env['REQUEST_METHOD'] = self._request_method.upper()    
    _env['PATH_INFO'] = self._path
    _env['SERVER_NAME'] = self._server_name
    _env['SERVER_PORT'] = self._server_port
    _env['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'] = client_addr[0]
    logger.info('%s %s %s %s', _env['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'], datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'), _env['REQUEST_METHOD'], _env['PATH_INFO'])
    return _env
  def start_response(self, status, response_headers, exc_info=None):      _server_headers = [
      ('Date', 'Sun, 7 Jun 2015 23:07:04 GMT'),
      ('Server', 'WSGIServer 0.1')
      ]
    self._headers_set = [status, response_headers + _server_headers]
  def _finish_response(self, result):   
    _status, _response_headers = self._headers_set
    _response = 'HTTP/1.1 {status}\r\n'.format(status=_status)        for _header in _response_headers:    
    _response += '{0}:{1}\r\n'.format(*_header)    
    _response += '\r\n'
    for _data in result:      
      _response += _data
    self._client.sendall(_response)
    self._client.close()
def make_server(server_address, application):
  server = WSGIServer(server_address)
  server.set_application(application)
  return server
if __name__ == '__main__':
  logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
  server_addr= ('0.0.0.0', 43002)
  app_path = sys.argv[1]
  module, application = app_path.split(':')
  module = __import__(module)
  application = getattr(module, application)
  httpd = make_server(server_addr, application)
  httpd.server_forever()

b.app.py文件

#encoding:utf-8
import os
class PageNotFoundException(BaseException):
  pass
def render(filename, dirname='html'):
  _path = os.path.join(dirname, filename)
  if os.path.exists(_path):   
    with open(_path, 'rb') as handler:   
      return handler.read()
  raise PageNotFoundException('file not found:%s' % _path)
def run(env, start_response):
  _path = env.get('PATH_INFO')
  response = ''
  try:
    _path = 'index.html' if _path == '/' else _path[1:]
    if _path.endswith('.css'):
      start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/css')])
    elif _path.endswith('.js'):
      start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/javascript')]
    elif _path.endswith('.html'):
      start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
    else:
      start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename=%s' % os.path.basename(_path))])
    response = render(_path) 
  except PageNotFoundException as e:
    response = render('404.html')  
  return [response, '\r\n']

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Python实现简易版的Web服务器，希望对大家有所帮助