安装KVM虚拟机--命令行模式

一、安装环境

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)

二、安装kvm

2.1 查看CPU是否支持kvm

显示vmx则支持

[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -E -o 'vmx|svm'
vmx
vmx

2.2 关闭selinux

临时关闭

setenforce 0 

永久关闭

vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
将 SELinux=enforcing 修改为 SELinux=disabled

2.3 安装kvm

yum install -y qemu-kvm \
python-virtinst \
libvirt \
libvirt-python \
virt-manager \
libguestfs-tools \
bridge-utils \
virt-install

2.4 查看安装结果

重启机器

shutdown -r now

查看kvm模块

[[email protected] ~]# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel             183621  4 
kvm                   586948  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass              13503  3 kvm

启动kvm服务

systemctl start libvirtd && systemctl enable libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtd

三、安装Centos7.6系统

3.1 安装

创建磁盘、镜像目录

mkdir /home/{vms,iso}

上传系统镜像至镜像目录

我的镜像：CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso

查看自己的虚拟网卡名称

ip addr

一般都是virbr0

安装虚拟机

virt-install \
--virt-type=kvm \
--name=CentOS7-kvm1 \
--vcpus=2 \
--memory=2048 \
--location=/home/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso \
--disk path=/home/vms/centos78.qcow2,size=20,format=qcow2 \
--network bridge=virbr0 \
--graphics none \
--extra-args='console=ttyS0' \
--force

安装前配置

根据提示依次配置就行，x 代表不用设置 !代表需要确认 空白代表可选

Starting installer, one moment...
anaconda 21.48.22.147-1 for CentOS 7 started.
 * installation log files are stored in /tmp during the installation
 * shell is available on TTY2
 * when reporting a bug add logs from /tmp as separate text/plain attachments
08:54:06 Not asking for VNC because we don't have a network
================================================================================
================================================================================
Installation

 1) [x] Language settings                 2) [!] Time settings
        (English (United States))                (Timezone is not set.)
 3) [!] Installation source               4) [!] Software selection
        (Processing...)                          (Processing...)
 5) [!] Installation Destination          6) [x] Kdump
        (No disks selected)                      (Kdump is enabled)
 7) [ ] Network configuration             8) [!] Root password
        (Not connected)                          (Password is not set.)
 9) [!] User creation
        (No user will be created)
  Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'b' to begin installation |
  'r' to refresh]: 

[anaconda] 1:main* 2:shell  3:log  4:storage-lo> Switch tab: Alt+Tab | Help: F1 

3.2 查看虚拟机

[[email protected] ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    名称                         状态
----------------------------------------------------
 2     CentOS7-kvm1                   running