Centos6+mysql-5.7.29

Centos6+mysql-5.7.29

一 安装前准备
本文档限于Centos6+mysql-5.7.29及以下，实操安装，另附mysql-5.7.29 linux安装包百度云地址：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XjYCFWkIMa-SJy70JAV0rg
提取码：f3hn
1、检查是否已经安装过mysql，执行命令：rpm -qa | grep mysql

[[email protected] ~]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64

从执行结果，可以看出我们已经安装了mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64，执行删除命令将列表中mysql全部产出
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
[sudo] password for hadoop:
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64

再次执行查询命令，查看是否删除
[[email protected] ~]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]$

2、查询所有Mysql对应的文件夹

[[email protected] ~]$ whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo find / -name mysql
/usr/lib64/perl5/auto/DBD/mysql
/usr/lib64/perl5/DBD/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/share/mysql

删除相关目录或文件

[[email protected] ~]$ sudo rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/lib64/perl5/auto/DBD/mysql /usr/lib64/perl5/DBD/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql
[sudo] password for hadoop: 

验证是否删除完毕

[[email protected] ~]$ whereis mysql
mysql:
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo find / -name mysql
[[email protected] ~]$ 

检查mysql用户组和用户是否存在，如果没有，则创建；这里我使用hadoop用户，读者自行创建mysql用户即可。

[[email protected] /]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
[[email protected] /]# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
[[email protected] /]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected] /]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[[email protected] /]# 

二 安装Mysql
1.在/opt/路径下创建software、module路径，之后将下载好的mysql安装包拷贝到sofeware路径，将安装包解压到module路径：


解压到module路径：

[[email protected] software]$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/module/
查看module：
[[email protected] software]$ cd /opt/module/
[[email protected] module]$ ll
总用量 16
drwxr-xr-x. 15 hadoop hadoop 4096 4月  15 09:29 hadoop-2.7.2
drwxr-xr-x.  8 hadoop hadoop 4096 7月  22 2017 jdk1.8.0_144
drwxrwxr-x.  9 hadoop hadoop 4096 5月  20 12:11 mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 15 hadoop hadoop 4096 4月  20 20:06 zookeeper-3.4.14
将mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64重命名为mysql-5.7.29
[[email protected] module]$ mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.29

2.在/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29目录下创建data目录

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ mkdir data

3.更改mysql-5.7.29目录下所有的目录及文件夹所属的用户组和用户，以及权限；这里我由于直接使用hadoop用户操作，无需更改；如果您使用root用户拷贝解压文件的话，需要将文件归属改为您自定义的操作用户mysql：
[[email protected] /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] /]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

4.编译安装并初始化mysql,务必记住初始化输出日志末尾的密码（标红位置分别为您自定义用户名、数据库管理员临时密码；）

[[email protected] bin]$ ./mysqld --initialize --user=hadoop  --datadir=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/data --basedir=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/
2020-05-20T04:19:52.085835Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2020-05-20T04:19:52.085902Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
2020-05-20T04:19:52.086029Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-05-20T04:19:52.285540Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-05-20T04:19:52.345490Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-05-20T04:19:52.466941Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 26f262ea-9a51-11ea-bf46-000c298f807c.
2020-05-20T04:19:52.470578Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-05-20T04:19:53.177239Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-05-20T04:19:53.302965Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: uw4(LiklUdin

记录日志最末尾位置[email protected]:后的字符串，此字符串为mysql管理员临时登录密码
补充说明：
第4步时，可能会出现错误：

出现该问题首先检查该链接库文件有没有安装使用 命令进行核查

[[email protected] bin]# rpm -qa|grep libaio   [[email protected] bin]# 

运行命令后发现系统中无该链接库文件

[[email protected] bin]#  yum install  libaio-devel.x86_64

安装成功后，继续运行数据库的初始化命令，此时可能会出现如下错误：

执行如下命令后：

[[email protected] bin]#  yum -y install numactl

执行无误之后，再重新执行第4步初始化命令，无误之后再进行第5步操作！

6.修改mysql启动脚本，指定mysql安装路径和data路径

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ vim /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/support-files/mysql.server

修改mysql.server中的basedir和datadir

7.启动mysql

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/support-files/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.  

8.检查mysql是否启动成功 执行命令：ps -ef | grep mysql 查询mysql进程，如下图所示则成功

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ ps -ef | grep mysql
hadoop     3223      1  0 12:31 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/data --pid-file=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/data/gyh101.pid
hadoop     3314   3223  0 12:31 pts/0    00:00:00 /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29 --datadir=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/data --plugin-dir=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/lib/plugin --log-error=gyh101.err --pid-file=/opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/data/gyh101.pid
hadoop     5559   2958  0 12:32 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql

如果启动时出现如下提示信息

Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file

查看是否存在mysql和mysqld的服务，如果存在，则结束进程，再重新执行启动命令
#查询服务

ps -ef|grep mysql
ps -ef|grep mysqld

#结束进程

kill -9 PID

#启动服务

 /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

9.添加软连接，并重启mysql服务

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ sudo ln -s /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[sudo] password for hadoop: 
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ sudo ln -s /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL..                                      [确定]
Starting MySQL.      

10.登录mysql，修改密码为123456(密码为步骤4生成的临时密码)

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
mysql> set password for [email protected] = password('123456');

11.开放远程连接

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

12.设置开机自动启动
1、将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql

[[email protected] /]# cp /opt/module/mysql-5.7.29/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

2、赋予可执行权限

[[email protected] /]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

3、添加服务

[[email protected] /]# chkconfig --add mysqld

4、显示服务列表

[[email protected] /]# chkconfig --list

13.之后mysql服务操作如下：
service mysql start：开启服务
service mysql stop：关闭服务
service mysql restart：重启服务

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ service mysql start
Starting MySQL.  
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..                                      [确定]
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.29]$ service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL..                                      [确定]
Starting MySQL.