python制作简单计算器功能

本文实例为大家分享了python实现简单计算器功能的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

效果如图：

主要思路：

用列表保存按下的键，按下等于，转换为字符串，利用内置函数eval计算字符串的值。

代码：

from tkinter import *
 
w = 280 #窗口宽度
h = 460 #窗口高度
process_h = 110 #显示运算过程的标签高度
result_h = 50   #显示运算结果的标签高度
msfont = '微软雅黑' #字体
fontsize = 20 #字体大小
 
btnboderwidth = 0.5 #边框宽度
btncolor = '#4f4f4f' #按钮颜色
btnwidth = 70 #按钮宽度
btnheight = 60 #按钮高度
 
mainwindows = tk()
mainwindows.title('计算器')
mainwindows.minsize(w,h)
 
str_process = stringvar()
str_process.set("")
str_result = stringvar()
str_result.set("0")
 
process = label(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),bg='orange',anchor='se',wraplength='280',textvariable=str_process)
process.place(width=w,height=process_h) #显示运算过程的标签
result = label(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize+10),bg='orange',anchor='se',textvariable=str_result)
result.place(y=process_h,width=w,height=result_h) #显示运算结果的标签
 
button_ac = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='ac',fg='orange',bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickac())
button_ac.place(x=0,y=process_h+result_h,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_back = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='←',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickback())
button_back.place(x=btnwidth,y=process_h+result_h,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_div = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='÷',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickoper('/'))
button_div.place(x=btnwidth*2,y=process_h+result_h,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_mul = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='×',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickoper('*'))
button_mul.place(x=btnwidth*3,y=process_h+result_h,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
 
button_7 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='7',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('7'))
button_7.place(x=0,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_8 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='8',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('8'))
button_8.place(x=btnwidth,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_9 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='9',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('9'))
button_9.place(x=btnwidth*2,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_minus = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='-',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickoper('-'))
button_minus.place(x=btnwidth*3,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
 
button_4 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='4',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('4'))
button_4.place(x=0,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*2,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_5 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='5',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('5'))
button_5.place(x=btnwidth,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*2,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_6 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='6',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('6'))
button_6.place(x=btnwidth*2,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*2,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_add = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='+',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickoper('+'))
button_add.place(x=btnwidth*3,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*2,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
 
button_1 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='1',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('1'))
button_1.place(x=0,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*3,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_2 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='2',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('2'))
button_2.place(x=btnwidth,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*3,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_3 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='3',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('3'))
button_3.place(x=btnwidth*2,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*3,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_equal = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='=',bg='orange',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickequal())
button_equal.place(x=btnwidth*3,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*3,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight*2)
 
button_percent = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='%',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickoper("%"))
button_percent.place(x=0,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*4,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_0 = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='0',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clicknum('0'))
button_0.place(x=btnwidth,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*4,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
button_point = button(mainwindows,font=(msfont,fontsize),text='.',fg=btncolor,bd=btnboderwidth,command=lambda :clickpoint())
button_point.place(x=btnwidth*2,y=process_h+result_h+btnheight*4,width=btnwidth,height=btnheight)
 
process_list = []
s_result = ""
isnum = [false] #上一位按下的是否是数字
point = [true] #小数点使用情况
def clicknum(num):  #按下数字
    isnum.append(true)
    point.append(point[-1]) #按下数字，小数点的标志不变
    process_list.append(num)
    s_process = "".join(process_list)
    str_process.set(s_process)
 
def clickoper(sign):#按下运算符
    global isnum,point
    if isnum[-1]:
        process_list.append(sign)
        isnum.append(false)
        point.append(true) #按下运算符，小数点标志为可以按下小数点
    else:
        process_list.pop()
        process_list.append(sign)
    s_process = "".join(process_list)
    str_process.set(s_process)
 
def clickequal():#按下等于
    global s_result
    s_process = "".join(process_list)
    s_result = eval(s_process)
    s_result = str(s_result)[0:11] #结果只显示11位
    str_process.set(s_process)
    str_result.set(s_result)
 
def clickac():#按下清除
    global s_result,isnum,point
    s_result = "0"
    isnum = [false]  #状态回到初始时候
    point = [true]
    process_list.clear()
    str_result.set(s_result)
    str_process.set("")
def clickback(): #按下退格键
    global point, isnum
    if len(process_list) > 0:
        isnum.pop(-1) #删除最后一位的状态
        point.pop(-1)
        process_list.pop()
        s_process = "".join(process_list)
        str_process.set(s_process)
 
def clickpoint():#按下小数点
    global point,isnum
    if isnum[-1] and point[-1]:
        process_list.append(".")
        s_process = "".join(process_list)
        str_process.set(s_process)
        isnum.append(false)
        point.append(false)
 
mainwindows.mainloop()

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。