Python—脚本程序生成exe可执行程序（pyinstaller）

一、pyinstaller的简介

python是一个脚本语言，被解释器解释执行。它的发布方式：

• .py文件：对于开源项目或者源码没那么重要的，直接提供源码，需要使用者自行安装python并且安装依赖的各种库。（python官方的各种安装包就是这样做的）。
• .pyc文件：有些公司或个人因为机密或者各种原因，不愿意源码被运行者看到，可以使用pyc文件发布，pyc文件是python解释器可以识别的二进制码，故发布后也是跨平台的，需要使用者安装相应版本的python和依赖库。
• 可执行文件：对于一些小白用户，最简单的方式就是提供一个可执行文件，只需要把用法告诉ta即可。比较麻烦的是需要针对不同平台需要打包不同的可执行文件（windows,linux,mac,...）。

二、pyinstaller的原理简介

三、pyinstaller的安装

[root@localhost ~]# pip install pyinstaller

四、小实例（windows下）

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import random
import time

def enter_stake(current_money):
    '''输入小于结余的赌资及翻倍率,未考虑输入type错误的情况'''
    stake = int(input('how much you wanna bet?(such as 1000):'))
    rate = int(input("what multiplier do you want?你想翻几倍？(such as 2):"))
    small_compare = current_money < stake * rate
    while small_compare == true:
        stake = int(input('you has not so much money ${}!how much you wanna bet?(such as 1000):'.format(stake * rate)))
        rate = int(input("what multiplier do you want?你想翻几倍？(such as 2):"))
        small_compare = current_money < stake * rate
    return stake,rate

def roll_dice(times = 3):
    '''摇骰子'''
    print('<<<<<<<<<< roll the dice! >>>>>>>>>>')
    points_list = []
    while times > 0:
        number = random.randrange(1,7)
        points_list.append(number)
        times -= 1
    return points_list

def roll_result(total):
    '''判断是大是小'''
    is_big = 11 <= total <= 18
    is_small = 3 <= total <= 10
    if is_small:
        return 'small'
    elif is_big:
        return 'big'

def settlement(boo,points_list,current_money,stake = 1000,rate = 1):
    '''结余'''
    increase = stake * rate
    if boo:
        current_money += increase
        print('the points are ' + str(points_list) + ' .you win!')
        print('you gained $' + str(increase) + '.you have $' + str(current_money) + ' now.' )
    else:
        current_money -= increase
        print('the points are ' + str(points_list) + ' .you lose!')
        print('you lost $' + str(increase) + '.you have $' + str(current_money) + ' now.' )
    return current_money

def sleep_second(seconds=1):
    '''休眠'''
    time.sleep(seconds)

def start_game():
    '''开始猜大小的游戏'''
    current_money = 1000
    print('you have ${} now.'.format(current_money))
    while current_money > 0:
        print('<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< game starts! >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>')
        your_choice = input("big or small: ")
        choices = ['big', 'small']
        if your_choice in choices:
            stake, rate = enter_stake(current_money)
            points_list = roll_dice()
            total = sum(points_list)
            actual_result = roll_result(total)
            boo = your_choice == actual_result
            current_money = settlement(boo,points_list,current_money,stake,rate)
        else:
           print('invalid input!')
    else:
        sleep_second()
        print('game over!')
        sleep_second(2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    start_game()