Android Navigation 页面间的数据传递通过ViewModel、DataBinding实现（附一个页面过度动画的实现）

Navigation可以帮助我们搭建一个多个页面，相对比较复杂的应用程序，可以让我们的页面切换变得更加容易实现。同事使用DataBinding进行数据绑定让我们的数据与界面分离。关于DataBinding的使用见我的另一篇帖子，链接在这里https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41121080/article/details/103205337

要使用Navigation 首先我们需要新建Fragment，这里我建了2个，用来实现一个简单的切换。
因为用了ViewModel所以再 new 一个 MyViewModel 继承 ViewModel。

这个例子我们只用了一个数字放在一个TextView里面进行加减，所以ViewModel里面就一个数据。
MyViewModel的代码如下：

package com.shanya.navviewmodel;

import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel;

public class MyViewModel extends ViewModel {
    private MutableLiveData<Integer> number;

    public MutableLiveData<Integer> getNumber() {
        if (number == null){
            number = new MutableLiveData<>();
            number.setValue(0);
        }
        return number;
    }

    public void add(int x){
        number.setValue(number.getValue()+x);
        if (number.getValue()<0){
            number.setValue(0);
        }
    }
}

先把2个Fragment的xml代码贴出来
fragment_master如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <data>
        <variable
            name="data"
            type="com.shanya.navviewmodel.MyViewModel" />
    </data>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".MasterFragment">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginStart="156dp"
            android:text="@{String.valueOf(data.number)}"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.249" />

        <SeekBar
            android:id="@+id/seekBar"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
            android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
            android:max="10"
            android:saveEnabled="false"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button4"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="156dp"
            android:text="Enter"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</layout>

fragment_detail如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <data>
    <variable
        name="data"
        type= "com.shanya.navviewmodel.MyViewModel"/>
    </data>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".DetailFragment">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button3"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginEnd="149dp"
            android:layout_marginBottom="113dp"
            android:text="Back"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="175dp"
            android:text="@{String.valueOf(data.number)}"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="318dp"
            android:text="-"
            android:onClick="@{()->data.add(-1)}"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/button2"
            app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="+"
            android:onClick="@{()->data.add(1)}"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/button"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/button"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/button" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</layout>

以上两个里面都是用来DataBinding，具体实现见另一篇帖子https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41121080/article/details/103205337

新建一个Navigation的Resource File用来进行界面的切换配置

如图将两个界面加入并进行连接。

在之后就是两个界面的代码实现

package com.shanya.navviewmodel;


import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import androidx.navigation.NavController;
import androidx.navigation.Navigation;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.SeekBar;

import com.shanya.navviewmodel.databinding.FragmentMasterBinding;


/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class MasterFragment extends Fragment {


    public MasterFragment() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }


    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, final ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment

        final MyViewModel myViewModel;
        myViewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(getActivity()).get(MyViewModel.class);
        FragmentMasterBinding binding;
        binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater, R.layout.fragment_master, container, false);
        binding.setData(myViewModel);
        binding.setLifecycleOwner(getActivity());
        binding.button4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                NavController controller = Navigation.findNavController(v);
                controller.navigate(R.id.action_masterFragment_to_detailFragment);
            }
        });
        binding.seekBar.setProgress(myViewModel.getNumber().getValue());
        binding.seekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {
                myViewModel.getNumber().setValue(progress);
            }

            @Override
            public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

            }
        });
        //return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_master, container, false);
        return binding.getRoot();
    }

}

package com.shanya.navviewmodel;


import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import androidx.navigation.NavController;
import androidx.navigation.Navigation;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import com.shanya.navviewmodel.databinding.FragmentDetailBinding;


/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class DetailFragment extends Fragment {


    public DetailFragment() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }


    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        MyViewModel myViewModel;
        myViewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(getActivity()).get(MyViewModel.class);
        FragmentDetailBinding binding;
        binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater, R.layout.fragment_detail, container, false);
        binding.setData(myViewModel);
        binding.setLifecycleOwner(getActivity());


        binding.button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                NavController controller = Navigation.findNavController(v);
                controller.navigate(R.id.action_detailFragment_to_masterFragment);
            }
        });
//        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_detail, container, false);
        return binding.getRoot();
    }

}

再有一个最关键的就是需要在activity_main.xml里面添加一个NavHostFragment并将新建的Navigation资源文件放进去。

过渡动画实现
在res 新建一个资源文件 类型选择Animation
这里我做一个从左边滑出的过过渡动画

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<translate
    android:fromXDelta="-100%"
    android:toXDelta="0%"
    android:duration = "300">
</translate>
</set>

在res文件夹下的navigation里的文件中选择那个线条在右边的设置里

这里我把动画加在了进入效果上

其他类似缩放，旋转等效果做法类似。

源码下载GitHub