Elastic-Job:动态添加任务,支持动态分片
概述
因项目中使用到定时任务,且服务部署多实例,因此需要解决定时任务重复执行的问题。即在同一时间点,每一个定时任务只在一个节点上执行。常见的开源方案,如 elastic-job 、 xxl-job 、quartz 、 saturn、 opencron 、 antares 等。最终决定使用elastic-job。elastic-job的亮点主要如下:
基于quartz 定时任务框架为基础的,因此具备quartz的大部分功能
使用zookeeper做协调,调度中心,更加轻量级
支持任务的分片
支持弹性扩容 , 可以水平扩展 , 当任务再次运行时,会检查当前的服务器数量,重新分片,分片结束之后才会继续执行任务
失效转移,容错处理,当一台调度服务器宕机或者跟zookeeper断开连接之后,会立即停止作业,然后再去寻找其他空闲的调度服务器,来运行剩余的任务
提供运维界面,可以管理作业和注册中心
但在实际开发中发现elastic-job对于动态添加的定时任务不支持分片。即在多实例情况下,在某个实例上动态添加任务,则该任务会一直在这一台节点上运行。如果需要在其它实例上运行,则需要以相同的参数调用其它实例接口。参考:elastic-job:动态进行任务的添加。在多次百度+google下发现Elastic-Job动态添加任务这里与楼主遇到了相同的问题。但经楼主测试动态添加任务的分片时好时坏,且只要在zookeeper中注册了任务,重启时任务还是会自动初始化。(关于对动态呢任务的描述,可以参考上面链接的描述,此处不在做过多的解释)。
解决
顺着尹大的思路,将任务的节点都集中管理起来,无论动态任务在哪个节点上进行注册,都需要将这个请求转发到其他的节点上进行初始化操作,这样就可以保证多节点分片的任务正常执行。
代码如下:
/**
* 开启任务监听,当有任务添加时,监听zk中的数据增加,自动在其他节点也初始化该任务
*/
public void monitorJobRegister() {
CuratorFramework client = zookeeperRegistryCenter.getClient();
@SuppressWarnings(“resource”)
PathChildrenCache childrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client, “/”, true);
PathChildrenCacheListener childrenCacheListener = new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
ChildData data = event.getData();
switch (event.getType()) {
case CHILD_ADDED:
String config = new String(client.getData().forPath(data.getPath() + “/config”));
Job job = JsonUtils.toBean(Job.class, config);
Object bean = null;
// 获取bean失败则添加任务
try {
bean = ctx.getBean(“SpringJobScheduler” + job.getJobName());
} catch (BeansException e) {
logger.error(“ERROR NO BEAN,CREATE BEAN SpringJobScheduler” + job.getJobName());
}
if (Objects.isNull(bean)) {
addJob(job);
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
};
childrenCache.getListenable().addListener(childrenCacheListener);
try {
// https://blog.csdn.net/u010402202/article/details/79581575
childrenCache.start(PathChildrenCache.StartMode.BUILD_INITIAL_CACHE);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
测试
测试动态添加定时任务,支持分片失效转移。
下载elastic-job-spring-boot-starter 使用maven 命令install到本地
创建 demo-elastic-job项目
目录结构如下:
demo-elastic-job
├── mvnw
├── mvnw.cmd
├── src
│ ├── main
│ │ ├── java
│ │ │ └── com
│ │ │ └── example
│ │ │ └── demo
│ │ │ ├── job
│ │ │ │ ├── DynamicJob.java
│ │ │ │ └── TestJob.java
│ │ │ └── DemoApplication.java
│ │ └── resources
│ │ ├── application.yml
│ │ └── application-dev.yml
│ └── test
│ └── java
│ └── com
│ └── example
│ └── demo
│ └── DemoApplicationTests.java
├── pom.xml
└── demo.iml
pom.xml
4.0.0
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.1.1.RELEASE
com.example
demo
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
demo
Demo project for Spring Boot
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.cxytiandi</groupId>
<artifactId>elastic-job-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
DemoApplication.java
package com.example.demo;
import com.cxytiandi.elasticjob.annotation.EnableElasticJob;
import com.cxytiandi.elasticjob.dynamic.service.JobService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableElasticJob
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {“com.cxytiandi”, “com.example.demo”})
public class DemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
@Autowired
private JobService jobService;
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
// 模拟初始化读取数据库 添加任务
// Job job1 = new Job();
// job1.setJobName(“job1”);
// job1.setCron(“0/10 * * * * ? “);
// job1.setJobType(“SIMPLE”);
// job1.setJobClass(“com.example.demo.job.DynamicJob”);
// job1.setShardingItemParameters(””);
// job1.setShardingTotalCount(2);
// jobService.addJob(job1);
// Job job2 = new Job();
// job2.setJobName(“job2”);
// job2.setCron("0/10 * * * * ? ");
// job2.setJobType(“SIMPLE”);
// job2.setJobClass(“com.example.demo.job.DynamicJob”);
// job2.setShardingItemParameters(“0=A,1=B”);
// job2.setShardingTotalCount(2);
// jobService.addJob(job2);
}
}
TestJob.java
package com.example.demo.job;
import com.cxytiandi.elasticjob.annotation.ElasticJobConf;
import com.dangdang.ddframe.job.api.ShardingContext;
import com.dangdang.ddframe.job.api.simple.SimpleJob;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
- Created by zhenglongfei on 2019/7/22
- @VERSION 1.0
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
@ElasticJobConf(name = “dayJob”, cron = “0/10 * * * * ?”, shardingTotalCount = 2,
shardingItemParameters = “0=AAAA,1=BBBB”, description = “简单任务”, failover = true)
public class TestJob implements SimpleJob {
@Override
public void execute(ShardingContext shardingContext) {
log.info(“TestJob任务名:【{}】, 片数:【{}】, param=【{}】”, shardingContext.getJobName(), shardingContext.getShardingTotalCount(),
shardingContext.getShardingParameter());
}
}
DynamicJob.java
package com.example.demo.job;
import com.dangdang.ddframe.job.api.ShardingContext;
import com.dangdang.ddframe.job.api.simple.SimpleJob;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
-
Created by zhenglongfei on 2019/7/24
-
@VERSION 1.0
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class DynamicJob implements SimpleJob {
@Override
public void execute(ShardingContext shardingContext) {switch (shardingContext.getShardingItem()) { case 0: log.info("【0】 is running"); break; case 1: log.info("【1】 is running"); break; }
}
}
application.yml
elastic:
job:
zk:
serverLists: 172.25.66.137:2181
namespace: demo_test
server:
port: 8082
spring:
redis:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 6379
测试结果
启动两个项目分别为8081和8082端口,使用REST API来动态的注册任务。
job
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/longfeizheng/longfeizheng.github.io/master/images/java/java09.png
http://localhost:8081/job post
参数如下:
{
“jobName”: “DynamicJob01”,
“cron”: “0/3 * * * * ?”,
“jobType”: “SIMPLE”,
“jobClass”: “com.example.demo.job.DynamicJob”,
“jobParameter”: “test”,
“shardingTotalCount”: 2,
“shardingItemParameters”: “0=AAAA,1=BBBB”
}
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