实例讲解Oracle监听口令及监听器安全

很多人都知道，Oracle的监听器一直存在着一个安全隐患，假如不设置安全措施，那么能够访问的用户就可以远程关闭监听器。 相关示例： D:lsnrctl stop eygle LSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:02:40 Copyright

　　很多人都知道，Oracle的监听器一直存在着一个安全隐患，假如不设置安全措施，那么能够访问的用户就可以远程关闭监听器。

　　相关示例：

　　D:>lsnrctl stop eygle

　　LSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:02:40

　　Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.

　　正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521))

　　(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=eygle)))

　　命令执行成功

　　大家可以发现，此时缺省的监听器的日志还无法记录操作地址：

　　No longer listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　28-NOV-2007 09:59:20 * (CONNECT_DATA=(CID=(PROGRAM=)(HOST=)(USER=Administrator))(COMMAND=stop)

　　(ARGUMENTS=64)(SERVICE=eygle)(VERSION=169870080)) * stop * 0

　　为了更好的保证监听器的安全，大家最好为监听设置密码：

　　[oracle@jumper log]$ lsnrctl

　　LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-NOV-2007 10:18:17

　　Copyright (c) 1991, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

　　Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

　　LSNRCTL> set current_listener listener

　　Current Listener is listener

　　LSNRCTL> change_password

　　Old password:

　　New password:

　　Reenter new password:

　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　Password changed for listener

　　The command completed successfully

　　LSNRCTL> set password

　　Password:

　　The command completed successfully

　　LSNRCTL> save_config

　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　Saved LISTENER configuration parameters.

　　Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

　　Old Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.bak

　　The command completed successfully

　　在我们设置密码后，远程操作将会因缺失密码而出现失败：

　　D:>lsnrctl stop eygle

　　LSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:22:57

　　Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.

　　正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)

　　(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=eygle)))

　　TNS-01169: 监听程序尚未识别口令

　　注意：此时在服务器端或客户端，，都需要我们通过密码来起停监听器：

　　LSNRCTL> set password

　　Password:

　　The command completed successfully

　　LSNRCTL> stop

　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　The command completed successfully

　　LSNRCTL> start

　　Starting /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

　　TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

　　System parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

　　Log messages written to /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/log/listener.log

　　Trace information written to /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/trace/listener.trc

　　Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　STATUS of the LISTENER

　　------------------------

　　Alias LISTENER

　　Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

　　Start Date 28-NOV-2007 10:22:23

　　Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

　　Trace Level support

　　Security ON

　　SNMP OFF

　　Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

　　Listener Log File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/log/listener.log

　　Listener Trace File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/trace/listener.trc

　　Listening Endpoints Summary...

　　(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))

　　Services Summary...

　　Service "eygle" has 1 instance(s).

　　Instance "eygle", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

　　Service "julia" has 1 instance(s).

　　Instance "eygle", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

　　The command completed successfully

　　另外，ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS参数也是一个重要的安全选项，大家可以在 listener.ora 文件中设置 ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_ 为 ON，此后所有在运行时对监听器的修改都将会被阻止，所有对监听器的修改都必须通过手工修改listener.ora文件才能顺利完成。