SpringMVC框架入门---如何搭建一个基于Maven管理的SpringMVCweb项目
程序员文章站
2022-05-26 09:53:08
...
SpringMVC框架
Spring web mvc和Struts2都属于表现层（web）的框架
它是Spring框架的一部分，我们可以从Spring整体结构图中看出：
SpringMVC处理流程-----简化版
搭建第一个基于SpringMVC的使用Maven管理的Web项目
1：创建基于Maven的web项目，自己配置，不使用模板
步骤1：建立Maven项目
步骤2：添加webapp目录，并通知idea该项目为web项目
webapp目录可以从已有的web项目中copy，也可以自己建立，项目结构如下
设置为web项目，步骤如下，按照下面步骤，可以将项目设置为web项目：
步骤3：导入必要jar包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.first.springmvc</groupId>
<artifactId>first-springmvc</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<spring.version>4.3.10.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.4</mybatis.version>
<mybatis.spring.version>1.3.1</mybatis.spring.version>
<c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.35</fastjson.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.25</slf4j.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.4</jackson.version>
<commons-fileupload.version>1.3.3</commons-fileupload.version>
<commons-io.version>2.5</commons-io.version>
<commons-codec.version>1.10</commons-codec.version>
<aspectjweaver.version>1.8.10</aspectjweaver.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.34</mysql.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Junit测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring包 core、web、oxm、tx、jdbc、webmvc、aop、context、test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入c3p0的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化对象，方便输出日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json和bean之间相互转换 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上传组件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>${commons-io.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>${commons-codec.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>${aspectjweaver.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0-b07</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>步骤4：创建包，目录结构如下
步骤5：添加springmvc.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!--扫描控制器-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hxy.controller"></context:component-scan>
</beans>步骤6：配置前端控制器web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
步骤7：创建商品控制
ProductController就是一个普通Java类，不实现任何接口
需要在类上面添加@Controller，把control交给Spring管理
在方法上面RequestMapping注解，指定请求URL地址，其中“.action”可以不写:
URL地址和方法的一一对应，可以理解为HashMap<URL,methods>
@RequestMapping(value = "/product/productList.action")
package com.hxy.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.hxy.pojo.Product;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class ProductController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/product/productList.action")
public ModelAndView itemList(){
System.out.println("itemList........");
//模拟假数据测试
List<Product> list = new ArrayList<Product>();
list.add(new Product(1, "1华为 荣耀8", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！1"));
list.add(new Product(2, "2华为 荣耀8", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！2"));
list.add(new Product(3, "3华为 荣耀8", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！3"));
list.add(new Product(4, "4华为 荣耀8", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！4"));
list.add(new Product(5, "5华为 荣耀8", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！5"));
list.add(new Product(6, "6华为 荣耀8", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！6"));
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//productList和JSP页面的Key一致
modelAndView.addObject( "productList", list);
modelAndView.setViewName( "/static/productList.jsp" );
return modelAndView;
}
}
步骤8：配置Tomcat
步骤9：添加productList.jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查询商品列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/item/queryitem.action" method="post">
查询条件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查询"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
商品列表：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>商品名称</td>
<td>商品价格</td>
<td>生产日期</td>
<td>商品描述</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${productList}" var="item">
<tr>
<td>${item.name}</td>
<td>${item.price}</td>
<td><fmt:formatDate value="${item.createTime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></td>
<td>${item.detail }</td>
<td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/product/toEdit2.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>