There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue
解决步骤:
1.首先,在宕机的情况下,先不启动tomcat,去查看日志文件catalina.out
目录是在你的tomcat的目录下的logs目录下
tail -n 200 -f catalina.out
收集到的日志大致如下:
#
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 12288 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# Possible reasons:
# The system is out of physical RAM or swap space
# In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit
# Possible solutions:
# Reduce memory load on the system
# Increase physical memory or swap space
# Check if swap backing store is full
# Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS
# Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)
# Decrease number of Java threads
# Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)
# Set larger code cache with -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=
# This output file may be truncated or incomplete.
#
# Out of Memory Error (os_linux.cpp:2756), pid=916618, tid=140258326329088
#
# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (7.0_79-b15) (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (24.79-b02 mixed mode linux-amd64 compressed oops)
# Failed to write core dump. Core dumps have been disabled. To enable core dumping, try "ulimit -c unlimited" before starting Java again
#
--------------- T H R E A D ---------------
Current thread (0x00007f93bd3bc000): JavaThread "elasticsearch[Cap 'N Hawk][generic][T#44]" daemon [_thread_new, id=869274, stack(0x00007f906fa7b000,0x00007f906fb7c000)]
Stack: [0x00007f906fa7b000,0x00007f906fb7c000], sp=0x00007f906fb7a800, free space=1022k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
V [libjvm.so+0x9a32da] VMError::report_and_die()+0x2ea
V [libjvm.so+0x497f7b] report_vm_out_of_memory(char const*, int, unsigned long, char const*)+0x9b
V [libjvm.so+0x81fcce] os::Linux::commit_memory_impl(char*, unsigned long, bool)+0xfe
V [libjvm.so+0x81fd8c] os::pd_commit_memory(char*, unsigned long, bool)+0xc
V [libjvm.so+0x817afa] os::commit_memory(char*, unsigned long, bool)+0x2a
V [libjvm.so+0x81e25d] os::pd_create_stack_guard_pages(char*, unsigned long)+0x6d
V [libjvm.so+0x95581e] JavaThread::create_stack_guard_pages()+0x5e
V [libjvm.so+0x95c164] JavaThread::run()+0x34
V [libjvm.so+0x821ca8][aaa@qq.com bin]#
2.从上面查看日志文件,可以分析出以下问题
1》第一,很多次的发生了新生代GC
[GC [PSYoungGen: 1975488K->5056K(2202112K)] 3281950K->1312494K(6981120K), 0.1478450 secs] [Times: user=0.43 sys=0.01, real=0.15 secs]
[GC [PSYoungGen: 1975488K->5056K(2202112K)] 3281950K->1312494K(6981120K), 0.1478450 secs] [Times: user=0.43 sys=0.01, real=0.15 secs]
1.GC 表示一次Minor GC(新生代垃圾收集)
2.PSYoungGen 表示新生代使用的是多线程垃圾收集器Parallel Scavenge
3.1975488K 表示垃圾收集之前新生代占用空间
4.5056K 表示垃圾收集之后新生代的空间
5.新生代又细分为一个Eden区和两个Survivor区,Minor GC之后Eden区为空,5056K就是Survivor占用的空间。
6.(2202112K) 表示整个年轻代的大小
7.3281950K->1312494K(6981120K) 则表示 垃圾收集之前3281950K 垃圾收集之后1312494K 的java堆大小,(6981120K)代表总堆大小,堆大小包括新生代和年老代。
8.[Times: user=0.43 sys=0.01, real=0.15 secs]提供cpu使用及时间消耗,
user是用户模式垃圾收集消耗的cpu时间,实例中垃圾收集器消耗了0.43秒用户态cpu时间,
sys是消耗系统态cpu时间,
real是指垃圾收集器消耗的实际时间。
以上是拿了一条为例,解释这条信息的意义。
详细的参考地址:参考地址:https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/3ea51489c045d852e61bbaab.html
2》从这几条日志记录,可以看出java的运行环境想要继续运行下去,已经没有足够的内存支撑它了
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 12288 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# An error report file with more information is saved as:
# /backup/tomcat7/bin/hs_err_pid916618.log
java运行环境,已经没有足够的内存支撑它运行下去了。
查看更多的错误日志信息,可以看:/backup/tomcat7/bin/hs_err_pid916618.log 这个文件
3.那在上面提示的目录下去查看这个文件
cat /backup/tomcat7/bin/hs_err_pid916618.log
文件详情如下:
#
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (malloc) failed to allocate 12288 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# Possible reasons:
# The system is out of physical RAM or swap space
# In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit
# Possible solutions:
# Reduce memory load on the system
# Increase physical memory or swap space
# Check if swap backing store is full
# Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS
# Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)
# Decrease number of Java threads
# Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)
# Set larger code cache with -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=
# This output file may be truncated or incomplete.
#
# Out of Memory Error (os_linux.cpp:2756), pid=916618, tid=140258326329088
#
# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (7.0_79-b15) (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (24.79-b02 mixed mode linux-amd64 compressed oops)
# Failed to write core dump. Core dumps have been disabled. To enable core dumping, try "ulimit -c unlimited" before starting Java again
#
--------------- T H R E A D ---------------
Current thread (0x00007f93bd3bc000): JavaThread "elasticsearch[Cap 'N Hawk][generic][T#44]" daemon [_thread_new, id=869274, stack(0x00007f906fa7b000,0x00007f906fb7c000)]
Stack: [0x00007f906fa7b000,0x00007f906fb7c000], sp=0x00007f906fb7a800, free space=1022k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
V [libjvm.so+0x9a32da] VMError::report_and_die()+0x2ea
V [libjvm.so+0x497f7b] report_vm_out_of_memory(char const*, int, unsigned long, char const*)+0x9b
V [libjvm.so+0x81fcce] os::Linux::commit_memory_impl(char*, unsigned long, bool)+0xfe
V [libjvm.so+0x81fd8c] os::pd_commit_memory(char*, unsigned long, bool)+0xc
V [libjvm.so+0x817afa] os::commit_memory(char*, unsigned long, bool)+0x2a
V [libjvm.so+0x81e25d] os::pd_create_stack_guard_pages(char*, unsigned long)+0x6d
V [libjvm.so+0x95581e] JavaThread::create_stack_guard_pages()+0x5e
V [libjvm.so+0x95c164] JavaThread::run()+0x34
V [libjvm.so+0x821ca8][aaa@qq.com bin]#
关键的两点内容:
1》可能的原因
# Possible reasons:
# The system is out of physical RAM or swap space
# In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit
系统超出物理内存 或 虚拟内存
在32位的系统下,进程个数被限制了
2》可能的解决方法
# Possible solutions:
# Reduce memory load on the system
# Increase physical memory or swap space
# Check if swap backing store is full
# Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS
# Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)
# Decrease number of Java threads
# Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)
# Set larger code cache with -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=
# 可能的解决方案:
#减少系统上的内存负载
#增加物理内存或交换空间
#检查交换后备存储是否已满
#在64位操作系统上使用64位Java
#减少Java堆大小(-Xmx / -Xms)
#减少Java线程的数量
#减少Java线程堆栈大小(-Xss)
#使用设置更大的代码缓存 -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=
4.解决顺序
在下面解决方法之前,一定要检查程序,处理好BUG,对异常进行捕获,尤其是多线程中,一定要正确捕获异常,对于不用的对象,释放引用,以确保GC可以正常的回收!!
4.1 确保系统是64位,并且java版本是64位
查看linux是centos还是ubuntu系统命令:
lsb_release -a
centOS查看系统32位还是64位
getconf LONG_BIT
java版本确认
java -version
4.2 减小java堆大小和堆栈大小
原理参考地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/hrhguanli/p/4509544.html
异常的本质原因是因为,创建了太多的线程,没有及时回收。
而给jvm分配的内存越多,那么你能创建的线程数就越少。
进入tomcat的bin目录下
查找并编辑catalina.sh文件
vi catalina.sh
找到下面这行,对JVM的参数设置行,一般在【cygwin=false】上方一行
export JAVA_OPTS='-Xms7000m -Xmx8192m -XX:PermSize=1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=2048m -XX:+PrintGCDetails -server'
具体参数含义参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/sxdcgaq8080/p/7196580.html
可以看到这里对jvm的
初始化堆大小 -Xms7000m
最大堆大小 -Xmx8192m
[非堆内存]永久代初始大小 -XX:PermSize=1024m
[非对内存]永久代最大大小 -XX:MaxPermSize=2048m
修改参数为:
export JAVA_OPTS='-Xms2048m -Xmx3072m -XX:PermSize=1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=2048m -XX:+PrintGCDetails -server'
对堆大小减小一半多。
4.3 查看并增加虚拟内存
第一: 查看内存使用情况命令
free -m
-m 以M为单位展示
centOS 6.4增加虚拟内存:
参考地址:https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106100.htm
第二:关闭原本的swap
sudo swapoff -a
此时再查看 发现swap已经变成0
第三:设置新的swap大小
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=31906
of是指 在指定的路径创建swapfile文件
bs指的是Block Size,就是每一块的大小。这里的例子是1M,意思就是count的数字,是以1M为单位的。
count是告诉程序,新的swapfile要多少个block。这里是31906,就是说,新的swap文件是31906M大小,也就是将近32G。
注意:可能需要点时间完成此步,耐心等待完成。
注意:swap大小原则,设置为物理内存的1-2倍大小。
因为最开始分析就是物理内存或swap内存不足导致,因此这里讲swap内存设置为物理内存的2倍大小。
设置完成就是这样
第四:把新增加的swapfile文件设置为swap文件
sudo mkswap /swapfile
第五:修改/etc/fstab文件,让swap在启动时自动生效
vi /etc/fstab
在文件最后一行添加
/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0
第六:重启服务器
命令:
reboot
重启后重新连接
第七:挂载swapfile文件
swapon /swapfile
查看swap
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