ASP.NET MVC 在控制器中获取某个视图动态的HTML代码
当然,我们想要使用通用的方法去获取cshtml,就必须重写RazorViewEngine视图引擎,配置视图搜索位置
在查找一个视图时,Razor视图引擎遵循了MVC框架早期版本建立起来的约定。例如,如果你请求与Home控制器相关的Index视图,Razor会审查这样的视图列表:
~/Views/Home/Index.cshtml
● ~/Views/Home/Index.vbhtml
● ~/Views/Shared/Index.cshtml
● ~/Views/Shared/Index.vbhtml
正如你现在知道的,Razor实际上不会在磁盘上查找这些视图文件,因为它们还没有被编译成C#类。Razor查找的是表示这些视图的编译类。.cshtml文件是含有C#语句的模板(我们正在使用的这种),而.vbhtml文件含有Visual Basic语句。
你可以通过生成一个RazorViewEngine子类,来改变Razor搜索的这种视图文件。这个类是Razor的IViewEngine实现。它建立于一组基类之上,这些类定义一组用来确定搜索哪种视图文件的属性。这些属性如表所描述。
Property
属性 Description
描述 Default Value
默认值
ViewLocationFormats
MasterLocationFormats
PartialViewLocationFormats The locations to look for views, partial views, and layouts
查找视图、分部视图、以及布局的位置 "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"
AreaViewLocationFormats
AreaMasterLocationFormats
AreaPartialViewLocationFormats The locations to look for views, partial views, and layouts for an area
查找一个区域的视图、分部视图、及布局的位置 "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"
这些属性先于Razor的引入,这是每组三个属性具有相同值的原因。每个属性是一个字符串数组,它们是用复合字符串格式化符号来表示的。以下是与占位符对应的参数值:
● {0} represents the name of the view.
{0} 表示视图名
● {1} represents the name of the controller.
{1} 表示控制器名
● {2} represents the name of the area.
{2} 表示区域名
为了修改搜索位置,你要生成一个派生于RazorViewEngine的新类,并修改表所描述的一个或多个属性值。
在Infrastructure文件夹中新建一个CustomRazorViewEngine类
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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MvcApplication1.Infrastructure
{
public class CustomRazorViewEngine : RazorViewEngine
{
public CustomRazorViewEngine()
{
ViewLocationFormats = new string[] {
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared_PartialView/{0}.cshtml"//指定查找某个文件的路径
};
PartialViewLocationFormats = new string[] {
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared_PartialView/{0}.cshtml"////指定查找某个文件的路径
};
}
}
}
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我们在Global.asax的Application_Start方法中,用ViewEngines.Engines集合来注册我们的这个派生视图引擎,像这样:
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protected void Application_Start()
{
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
ViewEngines.Engines.Clear();
ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new CustomRazorViewEngine());
WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
}
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获取html字符串的方法以及如何调用
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public class HomeController : Controller
{
//
// GET: /Home/
public ActionResult Index()
{
string html = this.ControllerContext.RenderViewToString("_CommonPartial", new UserViewModel() { UserName="haha"});
return View(new UserViewModel() { IsEnable = false, UserCode = "aa" });
}
}
public static class HelperExtensions
{
public static string RenderViewToString(this ControllerContext context, string viewName, object model)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(viewName))
viewName = context.RouteData.GetRequiredString("action");
context.Controller.ViewData.Model = model;
using (var sw = new StringWriter())
{
ViewEngineResult viewResult = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(context, viewName);
var viewContext = new ViewContext(context,
viewResult.View,
context.Controller.ViewData,
context.Controller.TempData,
sw);
try
{
viewResult.View.Render(viewContext, sw);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw;
}
return sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
}
}
}