spring5 源码深度解析----- 被面试官给虐懵了,竟然是因为我不懂@Configuration配置类及@Bean的原理
@configuration注解提供了全新的bean创建方式。最初spring通过xml配置文件初始化bean并完成依赖注入工作。从spring3.0开始,在spring framework模块中提供了这个注解,搭配@bean等注解,可以完全不依赖xml配置,在运行时完成bean的创建和初始化工作。例如:
public interface ibean { } public class appbean implements ibean{ } //@configuration申明了appconfig是一个配置类 @configuration public class appconfig { //@bean注解申明了一个bean,bean名称默认为方法名appbean @bean ibean appbean(){ return new appbean(); } }
默认情况下bean的名称和方法名称相同,你也可以使用name属性来指定,如
@configuration注解使用
我们先来看看@configuration 这个注解的定义
@target(elementtype.type) @retention(retentionpolicy.runtime) @documented @component //@component元注解 public @interface configuration { string value() default ""; }
我们看到源码里面,@configuration 标记了@component元注解,因此可以被@componentscan扫描并处理,在spring容器初始化时configuration类 会被注册到bean容器中,最后还会实例化。
使用@autowired/@inject
因为@configuration本身也是一个@component,因此配置类本身也会被注册到应用上下文,并且也可以使用ioc的@autowired/@inject等注解来注入所需bean。我们来修改配置类如下:
@configuration public class appconfig { @autowired public environment env; @bean ibean appbean(){ return new appbean(); } }
使用@compomentscan
配置类也可以自己添加注解@compomentscan,来显式扫描需使用组件。
@configuration 使用@component 进行原注解,因此@configuration 类也可以被组件扫描到(特别是使用xml元素)。
@configuration @componentscan("abc.xxx") public class appconfig { @bean ibean appbean(){ return new appbean(); } }
在这里认识几个注解: @controller, @service, @repository, @component
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@controller: 表明一个注解的类是一个"controller",也就是控制器,可以把它理解为mvc 模式的controller 这个角色。这个注解是一个特殊的@component,允许实现类通过类路径的扫描扫描到。它通常与@requestmapping 注解一起使用。
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@service: 表明这个带注解的类是一个"service",也就是服务层,可以把它理解为mvc 模式中的service层这个角色,这个注解也是一个特殊的@component,允许实现类通过类路径的扫描扫描到
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@repository: 表明这个注解的类是一个"repository",团队实现了javaee 模式中像是作为"data access object" 可能作为dao来使用,当与 persistenceexceptiontranslationpostprocessor 结合使用时,这样注释的类有资格获得spring转换的目的。这个注解也是@component 的一个特殊实现,允许实现类能够被自动扫描到
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@component: 表明这个注释的类是一个组件,当使用基于注释的配置和类路径扫描时,这些类被视为自动检测的候选者。
@target({elementtype.type}) @retention(retentionpolicy.runtime) @documented @component public @interface controller { @aliasfor(annotation = component.class) string value() default ""; } @target({elementtype.type}) @retention(retentionpolicy.runtime) @documented @component public @interface service { @aliasfor(annotation = component.class) string value() default ""; } @target({elementtype.type}) @retention(retentionpolicy.runtime) @documented @component public @interface repository { @aliasfor(annotation = component.class) string value() default ""; }
我们可以看到@controller, @service, @repository这三个注解上都有@component这个注解
也就是说,上面四个注解标记的类都能够通过@componentscan 扫描到,上面四个注解最大的区别就是使用的场景和语义不一样,比如你定义一个service类想要被spring进行管理,你应该把它定义为@service 而不是@controller因为我们从语义上讲,@service更像是一个服务的类,而不是一个控制器的类,@component通常被称作组件,它可以标注任何你没有严格予以说明的类,比如说是一个配置类,它不属于mvc模式的任何一层,这个时候你更习惯于把它定义为 @component。@controller,@service,@repository 的注解上都有@component,所以这三个注解都可以用@component进行替换。
同@import注解组合使用
新建一个配置类,例如数据库配置类:
@configuration public class databaseconfig { @bean public datasource datasource(){ return new datasource(){ ... }; } }
然后在appconfig中用@import来导入配置类
@configuration @import(databaseconfig.class) public class appconfig { @autowired public datasource datasource; //注入的bean在databaseconfig.class中定义 @bean ibean appbean(){ return new appbean(); } }
最后执行:
applicationcontext context = new annotationconfigapplicationcontext(appconfig.class); databaseconfig datasourceconfig = context.getbean(databaseconfig.class);
可以看到只注册了appconfig.class,容器自动会把@import指向的配置类初始化。
同@profile注解组合使用
在配置类中可以申明@profile注解,仅当满足profile条件时,才会处理配置类,也可以将@profile注解加载配置类中的每一个@bean来实现更细粒度的条件控制。
@configuration @profile("develop") public class databaseconfig { @bean public datasource datasource(){ return new datasource(){...}; } }
嵌套使用@configuration
在配置类中可以创建静态内部类,并添加@configuration注解,这样上下文只需要注册最外面的配置类,内部的配置类会自动被加载。这样做省略了@import,因为本身就在配置类内部,无需再特别指定了。
@configuration public class appconfig { @autowired public datasource datasource; //注入的bean在内部定义 @configuration public static class databaseconfig{ @bean datasource datasource(){ return new datasource() {...}; } } @bean ibean appbean(){ return new appbean(); } }
注意:任何嵌套的@configuration 都必须是static 的。
@lazy初始化
默认情况下,配置类中的bean都随着应用上下文被初始化,可以在配置类中添加@lazy注解来延迟初始化,当然也可以在每个@bean注解上添加,来实现更细粒度的控制。
@configuration @lazy//延时加载 public class appconfig { @bean ibean appbean(){ return new appbean(); } }
配置类约束
- 配置类必须为显式申明的类,而不能通过工厂类方法返回实例。允许运行时类增强。
- 配置类不允许标记final。
- 配置类必须全局可见(不允许定义在方法本地内部类中)
- 嵌套配置类必须申明为static 内部类
- @bean方法不可以再创建新的配置类(所有实例都当做bean处理,不解析相关配置注解)
@configuration源码
applicationcontext的refresh方法
在我之前的一篇文章spring5 源码深度解析-----applicationcontext容器refresh过程中写过,spring容器启动时,即applicationcontext接口实现类的对象实例执行refresh方法时,在bean初始化完成之前,有一个扩展点,用来操作beanfactory,来扩展对应的功能,比喻往beanfactory中注册beandefintion,我们回顾一下applicationcontext的refresh函数:
1 public void refresh() throws beansexception, illegalstateexception { 2 synchronized (this.startupshutdownmonitor) { 3 //准备刷新的上下文 环境 4 preparerefresh(); 5 //初始化beanfactory,并进行xml文件读取 6 configurablelistablebeanfactory beanfactory = obtainfreshbeanfactory(); 7 //对beanfactory进行各种功能填充 8 preparebeanfactory(beanfactory); 9 try { 10 postprocessbeanfactory(beanfactory); 11 //激活各种beanfactory处理器 12 invokebeanfactorypostprocessors(beanfactory); 13 //注册拦截bean创建的bean处理器,这里只是注册,真正的调用实在getbean时候 14 registerbeanpostprocessors(beanfactory); 15 //为上下文初始化message源,即不同语言的消息体,国际化处理 16 initmessagesource(); 17 //初始化应用消息广播器,并放入“applicationeventmulticaster”bean中 18 initapplicationeventmulticaster(); 19 //留给子类来初始化其它的bean 20 onrefresh(); 21 //在所有注册的bean中查找listener bean,注册到消息广播器中 22 registerlisteners(); 23 //初始化剩下的单实例(非惰性的) 24 finishbeanfactoryinitialization(beanfactory); 25 //完成刷新过程,通知生命周期处理器lifecycleprocessor刷新过程,同时发出contextrefreshevent通知别人 26 finishrefresh(); 27 } 28 catch (beansexception ex) { 29 if (logger.iswarnenabled()) { 30 logger.warn("exception encountered during context initialization - " + 31 "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex); 32 } 33 destroybeans(); 34 cancelrefresh(ex); 35 throw ex; 36 } 37 finally { 38 resetcommoncaches(); 39 } 40 } 41 }
看到第12行,在初始化beanfactory后,会激活各种beanfactory处理器,我们来看看invokebeanfactorypostprocessors方法
1 public static void invokebeanfactorypostprocessors(configurablelistablebeanfactory beanfactory, list<beanfactorypostprocessor> beanfactorypostprocessors) { 2 3 // invoke beandefinitionregistrypostprocessors first, if any. 4 // 1、首先调用beandefinitionregistrypostprocessors 5 set<string> processedbeans = new hashset<>(); 6 7 // beanfactory是beandefinitionregistry类型 8 if (beanfactory instanceof beandefinitionregistry) { 9 beandefinitionregistry registry = (beandefinitionregistry) beanfactory; 10 // 定义beanfactorypostprocessor 11 list<beanfactorypostprocessor> regularpostprocessors = new arraylist<>(); 12 // 定义beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor集合 13 list<beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor> registryprocessors = new arraylist<>(); 14 15 // 循环手动注册的beanfactorypostprocessors 16 for (beanfactorypostprocessor postprocessor : beanfactorypostprocessors) { 17 // 如果是beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor的实例话,则调用其postprocessbeandefinitionregistry方法,对bean进行注册操作 18 if (postprocessor instanceof beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor) { 19 // 如果是beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor类型,则直接调用其postprocessbeandefinitionregistry 20 beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor registryprocessor = (beandefinitionregistrypostprocessor) postprocessor; 21 registryprocessor.postprocessbeandefinitionregistry(registry); 22 registryprocessors.add(registryprocessor); 23 } 24 // 否则则将其当做普通的beanfactorypostprocessor处理,直接加入regularpostprocessors集合,以备后续处理 25 else { 26 regularpostprocessors.add(postprocessor); 27 } 28 } 29 //略.... 30 } 31 32 // 2、如果不是beandefinitionregistry的实例,那么直接调用其回调函数即可-->postprocessbeanfactory 33 else { 34 // invoke factory processors registered with the context instance. 35 invokebeanfactorypostprocessors(beanfactorypostprocessors, beanfactory); 36 } 37 //略.... 38 }
我们看看第21行,看看其实现类,如下截图,发现其中有一个configurationclasspostprocessor,这个类就是本章的重点
configurationclasspostprocessor这个beanfactorypostprocessor,来开启整个@configuration注解的系列类的加载的,即开启基于@configuration的类配置代替beans标签的容器配置的相关bean的加载。
configurationclasspostprocessor
public void postprocessbeandefinitionregistry(beandefinitionregistry registry) { //生成唯一标识,用于重复处理验证 int registryid = system.identityhashcode(registry); if (this.registriespostprocessed.contains(registryid)) { throw new illegalstateexception( "postprocessbeandefinitionregistry already called on this post-processor against " + registry); } if (this.factoriespostprocessed.contains(registryid)) { throw new illegalstateexception( "postprocessbeanfactory already called on this post-processor against " + registry); } this.registriespostprocessed.add(registryid); //解析java类配置bean processconfigbeandefinitions(registry); }
processconfigbeandefinitions(registry)处理逻辑:
public void processconfigbeandefinitions(beandefinitionregistry registry) { list<beandefinitionholder> configcandidates = new arraylist<>(); //所有已经注册的bean string[] candidatenames = registry.getbeandefinitionnames(); //遍历bean定义信息 for (string beanname : candidatenames) { beandefinition beandef = registry.getbeandefinition(beanname); if (configurationclassutils.isfullconfigurationclass(beandef) || configurationclassutils.isliteconfigurationclass(beandef)) { if (logger.isdebugenabled()) { logger.debug("bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beandef); } } //1.如果当前的bean是javabean配置类(含有@configuration注解的类),则加入到集合configcandidates中, else if (configurationclassutils.checkconfigurationclasscandidate(beandef, this.metadatareaderfactory)) { configcandidates.add(new beandefinitionholder(beandef, beanname)); } } // return immediately if no @configuration classes were found // 没有@configuration注解的类,直接退出 if (configcandidates.isempty()) { return; } // 多个java配置类,按@ordered注解排序 configcandidates.sort((bd1, bd2) -> { int i1 = configurationclassutils.getorder(bd1.getbeandefinition()); int i2 = configurationclassutils.getorder(bd2.getbeandefinition()); return integer.compare(i1, i2); }); // detect any custom bean name generation strategy supplied through the enclosing application context singletonbeanregistry sbr = null; if (registry instanceof singletonbeanregistry) { sbr = (singletonbeanregistry) registry; if (!this.localbeannamegeneratorset) { beannamegenerator generator = (beannamegenerator) sbr.getsingleton(configuration_bean_name_generator); if (generator != null) { this.componentscanbeannamegenerator = generator; this.importbeannamegenerator = generator; } } } if (this.environment == null) { this.environment = new standardenvironment(); } // parse each @configuration class //初始化一个configurationclassparser解析器,可以解析@congiguration配置类 configurationclassparser parser = new configurationclassparser( this.metadatareaderfactory, this.problemreporter, this.environment, this.resourceloader, this.componentscanbeannamegenerator, registry); set<beandefinitionholder> candidates = new linkedhashset<>(configcandidates); set<configurationclass> alreadyparsed = new hashset<>(configcandidates.size()); do { //2.解析java配置类 parser.parse(candidates); //主要校验配置类不能使用final修饰符(cglib代理是生成一个子类,因此原先的类不能使用final修饰) parser.validate(); //排除已处理过的配置类 set<configurationclass> configclasses = new linkedhashset<>(parser.getconfigurationclasses()); configclasses.removeall(alreadyparsed); // read the model and create bean definitions based on its content if (this.reader == null) { this.reader = new configurationclassbeandefinitionreader( registry, this.sourceextractor, this.resourceloader, this.environment, this.importbeannamegenerator, parser.getimportregistry()); } //3.加载bean定义信息,主要实现将@bean @configuration @import @importresource @importregistrar注册为bean this.reader.loadbeandefinitions(configclasses); alreadyparsed.addall(configclasses); //清空已处理的配置类 candidates.clear(); //再次获取容器中bean定义数量 如果大于 之前获取的bean定义数量,则说明有新的bean注册到容器中,需要再次解析 if (registry.getbeandefinitioncount() > candidatenames.length) { string[] newcandidatenames = registry.getbeandefinitionnames(); set<string> oldcandidatenames = new hashset<>(arrays.aslist(candidatenames)); set<string> alreadyparsedclasses = new hashset<>(); for (configurationclass configurationclass : alreadyparsed) { alreadyparsedclasses.add(configurationclass.getmetadata().getclassname()); } for (string candidatename : newcandidatenames) { if (!oldcandidatenames.contains(candidatename)) { beandefinition bd = registry.getbeandefinition(candidatename); //新注册的bean如果也是@configuration配置类,则添加到数据,等待解析 if (configurationclassutils.checkconfigurationclasscandidate(bd, this.metadatareaderfactory) && !alreadyparsedclasses.contains(bd.getbeanclassname())) { candidates.add(new beandefinitionholder(bd, candidatename)); } } } candidatenames = newcandidatenames; } } while (!candidates.isempty()); // register the importregistry as a bean in order to support importaware @configuration classes if (sbr != null && !sbr.containssingleton(import_registry_bean_name)) { sbr.registersingleton(import_registry_bean_name, parser.getimportregistry()); } if (this.metadatareaderfactory instanceof cachingmetadatareaderfactory) { // clear cache in externally provided metadatareaderfactory; this is a no-op // for a shared cache since it'll be cleared by the applicationcontext. ((cachingmetadatareaderfactory) this.metadatareaderfactory).clearcache(); } }
processconfigbeandefinitions整个方法可以大体划分为三个阶段:
- 从容器中获取和configuration有关系的beandefinition
- 以该beandefinition为起点,进行解析操作,得到解析结果集
- 将解析到的结果集加载到容器中,即构造成一个beandefinition放到容器中待初始化
1、判断类是否与@configuration有关
在上面第1步中,有@configuration注解的会加入到集合当中,这个判断是在configurationclassutils#checkconfigurationclasscandidate
当中实现
public static boolean checkconfigurationclasscandidate(beandefinition beandef, metadatareaderfactory metadatareaderfactory) { string classname = beandef.getbeanclassname(); if (classname == null || beandef.getfactorymethodname() != null) { return false; } //获取注解元数据信息 annotationmetadata metadata; if (beandef instanceof annotatedbeandefinition && classname.equals(((annotatedbeandefinition) beandef).getmetadata().getclassname())) { metadata = ((annotatedbeandefinition) beandef).getmetadata(); } else if (beandef instanceof abstractbeandefinition && ((abstractbeandefinition) beandef).hasbeanclass()) { class<?> beanclass = ((abstractbeandefinition) beandef).getbeanclass(); metadata = new standardannotationmetadata(beanclass, true); } else { try { metadatareader metadatareader = metadatareaderfactory.getmetadatareader(classname); metadata = metadatareader.getannotationmetadata(); } catch (ioexception ex) { return false; } } // 查找当前注解是否是与@configuration相关 // 该方法还会判断该注解上的注解是否有@configuration,一直往上寻找 // 因为有的注解为复合注解 if (isfullconfigurationcandidate(metadata)) { beandef.setattribute(configuration_class_attribute, configuration_class_full); } // 查找当前注解上是否有componentscan、component、import、importresource注解 //如果没有则查找bean注解,同上,一直往上查找 else if (isliteconfigurationcandidate(metadata)) { beandef.setattribute(configuration_class_attribute, configuration_class_lite); } else { return false; } return true; }
我们看看isfullconfigurationcandidate和isliteconfigurationcandidate
public static boolean isfullconfigurationcandidate(annotationmetadata metadata) { return metadata.isannotated(configuration.class.getname()); }
public static boolean isliteconfigurationcandidate(annotationmetadata metadata) { // do not consider an interface or an annotation... if (metadata.isinterface()) { return false; } // any of the typical annotations found? for (string indicator : candidateindicators) { if (metadata.isannotated(indicator)) { return true; } } // finally, let's look for @bean methods... try { return metadata.hasannotatedmethods(bean.class.getname()); } catch (throwable ex) { if (logger.isdebugenabled()) { logger.debug("failed to introspect @bean methods on class [" + metadata.getclassname() + "]: " + ex); } return false; } } private static final set<string> candidateindicators = new hashset<>(8); static { candidateindicators.add(component.class.getname()); candidateindicators.add(componentscan.class.getname()); candidateindicators.add(import.class.getname()); candidateindicators.add(importresource.class.getname()); }
2、解析java配置类parser.parse(candidates)
parser.parse(candidates)方法最终调用processconfigurationclass方法来处理@configuration配置类,configurationclassparser. processconfigurationclass()方法实现代码如下:
protected void processconfigurationclass(configurationclass configclass) throws ioexception { //判断是否需要解析 if (this.conditionevaluator.shouldskip(configclass.getmetadata(), configurationphase.parse_configuration)) { return; } //判断同一个配置类是否重复加载过,如果重复加载过,则合并,否则从集合中移除旧的配置类,后续逻辑将处理新的配置类 configurationclass existingclass = this.configurationclasses.get(configclass); if (existingclass != null) { if (configclass.isimported()) { if (existingclass.isimported()) { existingclass.mergeimportedby(configclass); } // otherwise ignore new imported config class; existing non-imported class overrides it. return; } else { // explicit bean definition found, probably replacing an import. // let's remove the old one and go with the new one. this.configurationclasses.remove(configclass); this.knownsuperclasses.values().removeif(configclass::equals); } } // recursively process the configuration class and its superclass hierarchy. sourceclass sourceclass = assourceclass(configclass); do { //【真正解析配置类】 sourceclass = doprocessconfigurationclass(configclass, sourceclass); } while (sourceclass != null); //再次添加到到集合中 this.configurationclasses.put(configclass, configclass); }
doprocessconfigurationclass方法主要实现从配置类中解析所有bean,包括处理内部类,父类以及各种注解
configurationclassparser. doprocessconfigurationclass()解析配置类逻辑如下:
protected final sourceclass doprocessconfigurationclass(configurationclass configclass, sourceclass sourceclass) throws ioexception { //递归处理任何成员(嵌套)类 processmemberclasses(configclass, sourceclass); // 处理@propertysource注解 for (annotationattributes propertysource : annotationconfigutils.attributesforrepeatable( sourceclass.getmetadata(), propertysources.class, org.springframework.context.annotation.propertysource.class)) { if (this.environment instanceof configurableenvironment) { processpropertysource(propertysource); } else { logger.warn("ignoring @propertysource annotation on [" + sourceclass.getmetadata().getclassname() + "]. reason: environment must implement configurableenvironment"); } } // 处理@componentscan //获取@componentscan注解信息 set<annotationattributes> componentscans = annotationconfigutils.attributesforrepeatable( sourceclass.getmetadata(), componentscans.class, componentscan.class); if (!componentscans.isempty() && !this.conditionevaluator.shouldskip(sourceclass.getmetadata(), configurationphase.register_bean)) { for (annotationattributes componentscan : componentscans) { // 按@cmponentscan注解扫描bean set<beandefinitionholder> scannedbeandefinitions = this.componentscanparser.parse(componentscan, sourceclass.getmetadata().getclassname()); // 遍历扫描出的bean定义是否是配置类bean for (beandefinitionholder holder : scannedbeandefinitions) { beandefinition bdcand = holder.getbeandefinition().getoriginatingbeandefinition(); if (bdcand == null) { bdcand = holder.getbeandefinition(); } //若果扫描出的bean定义是配置类(含有@configuration),则继续调用parse方法,内部再次调用doprocessconfigurationclas(),递归解析 if (configurationclassutils.checkconfigurationclasscandidate(bdcand, this.metadatareaderfactory)) { parse(bdcand.getbeanclassname(), holder.getbeanname()); } } } } //处理@import注解 processimports(configclass, sourceclass, getimports(sourceclass), true); //处理@importresource注解 annotationattributes importresource = annotationconfigutils.attributesfor(sourceclass.getmetadata(), importresource.class); if (importresource != null) { string[] resources = importresource.getstringarray("locations"); class<? extends beandefinitionreader> readerclass = importresource.getclass("reader"); for (string resource : resources) { string resolvedresource = this.environment.resolverequiredplaceholders(resource); configclass.addimportedresource(resolvedresource, readerclass); } } //处理@bean注解 set<methodmetadata> beanmethods = retrievebeanmethodmetadata(sourceclass); for (methodmetadata methodmetadata : beanmethods) { //将解析出的所有@bean注解方法添加到configclass配置类信息中 configclass.addbeanmethod(new beanmethod(methodmetadata, configclass)); } //处理接口中所有添加@bean注解的方法,内部通过遍历所有接口,解析得到@bean注解方法,并添加到configclass配置类信息中 processinterfaces(configclass, sourceclass); // 如果有父类,则返回父类,递归执行doprocessconfigurationclass()解析父类 if (sourceclass.getmetadata().hassuperclass()) { string superclass = sourceclass.getmetadata().getsuperclassname(); if (superclass != null && !superclass.startswith("java") && !this.knownsuperclasses.containskey(superclass)) { this.knownsuperclasses.put(superclass, configclass); // superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recurse return sourceclass.getsuperclass(); } } // no superclass -> processing is complete return null; }
下面看两个很重要的注解@bean和@componentscan的实现过程
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@componentscan注解解析过程
set<beandefinitionholder> scannedbeandefinitions = this.componentscanparser.parse(componentscan, sourceclass.getmetadata().getclassname());
@componentscan注解解析,从上面的代码可以看出@componentscan注解解析通过调用componentscanannotationparser的parse方法完成,而parse()方法内部处理了一些scanner属性(过滤器设置)和basepackages包名处理,最终通过调用classpathbeandefinitionscanner.doscan方法实现扫面工作
public set<beandefinitionholder> parse(annotationattributes componentscan, final string declaringclass) { classpathbeandefinitionscanner scanner = new classpathbeandefinitionscanner(this.registry, componentscan.getboolean("usedefaultfilters"), this.environment, this.resourceloader); class<? extends beannamegenerator> generatorclass = componentscan.getclass("namegenerator"); boolean useinheritedgenerator = (beannamegenerator.class == generatorclass); scanner.setbeannamegenerator(useinheritedgenerator ? this.beannamegenerator : beanutils.instantiateclass(generatorclass)); scopedproxymode scopedproxymode = componentscan.getenum("scopedproxy"); if (scopedproxymode != scopedproxymode.default) { scanner.setscopedproxymode(scopedproxymode); } else { class<? extends scopemetadataresolver> resolverclass = componentscan.getclass("scoperesolver"); scanner.setscopemetadataresolver(beanutils.instantiateclass(resolverclass)); } scanner.setresourcepattern(componentscan.getstring("resourcepattern")); for (annotationattributes filter : componentscan.getannotationarray("includefilters")) { for (typefilter typefilter : typefiltersfor(filter)) { scanner.addincludefilter(typefilter); } } for (annotationattributes filter : componentscan.getannotationarray("excludefilters")) { for (typefilter typefilter : typefiltersfor(filter)) { scanner.addexcludefilter(typefilter); } } boolean lazyinit = componentscan.getboolean("lazyinit"); if (lazyinit) { scanner.getbeandefinitiondefaults().setlazyinit(true); } set<string> basepackages = new linkedhashset<>(); string[] basepackagesarray = componentscan.getstringarray("basepackages"); for (string pkg : basepackagesarray) { string[] tokenized = stringutils.tokenizetostringarray(this.environment.resolveplaceholders(pkg), configurableapplicationcontext.config_location_delimiters); collections.addall(basepackages, tokenized); } for (class<?> clazz : componentscan.getclassarray("basepackageclasses")) { basepackages.add(classutils.getpackagename(clazz)); } if (basepackages.isempty()) { basepackages.add(classutils.getpackagename(declaringclass)); } scanner.addexcludefilter(new abstracttypehierarchytraversingfilter(false, false) { @override protected boolean matchclassname(string classname) { return declaringclass.equals(classname); } }); return scanner.doscan(stringutils.tostringarray(basepackages)); }
doscan扫描basepackages下所有bean
protected set<beandefinitionholder> doscan(string... basepackages) { assert.notempty(basepackages, "at least one base package must be specified"); set<beandefinitionholder> beandefinitions = new linkedhashset<>(); for (string basepackage : basepackages) { //根据basepackage加载包下所有java文件,并扫描出所有bean组件 set<beandefinition> candidates = findcandidatecomponents(basepackage); //遍历beandefition for (beandefinition candidate : candidates) { //解析作用域scope scopemetadata scopemetadata = this.scopemetadataresolver.resolvescopemetadata(candidate); candidate.setscope(scopemetadata.getscopename()); string beanname = this.beannamegenerator.generatebeanname(candidate, this.registry); if (candidate instanceof abstractbeandefinition) { postprocessbeandefinition((abstractbeandefinition) candidate, beanname); } //通用注解解析到candidate结构中,主要是处理lazy, primary dependson, role ,description这五个注解 if (candidate instanceof annotatedbeandefinition) { annotationconfigutils.processcommondefinitionannotations((annotatedbeandefinition) candidate); } //检查当前bean是否已经注册,不存在则注册 if (checkcandidate(beanname, candidate)) { beandefinitionholder definitionholder = new beandefinitionholder(candidate, beanname); definitionholder = annotationconfigutils.applyscopedproxymode(scopemetadata, definitionholder, this.registry); beandefinitions.add(definitionholder); // 注册到ioc容器中,主要是一些@component组件,@bean注解方法并没有在此处注册,beanname和beandefinition 键值对 registerbeandefinition(definitionholder, this.registry); } } } return beandefinitions; }
classpathbeandefinitionscanner.scancandidatecomponents实现bean定义信息扫描
private set<beandefinition> scancandidatecomponents(string basepackage) { set<beandefinition> candidates = new linkedhashset<>(); try { // @componentscan("com.sl.springlearning.extension")包路径处理:packagesearchpath = classpath*:com/sl/springlearning/extension/**/*.class string packagesearchpath = resourcepatternresolver.classpath_all_url_prefix + resolvebasepackage(basepackage) + '/' + this.resourcepattern; //获取当前包下所有的class文件 resource[] resources = getresourcepatternresolver().getresources(packagesearchpath); boolean traceenabled = logger.istraceenabled(); boolean debugenabled = logger.isdebugenabled(); for (resource resource : resources) { if (traceenabled) { logger.trace("scanning " + resource); } if (resource.isreadable()) { try { metadatareader metadatareader = getmetadatareaderfactory().getmetadatareader(resource); //按照scanner过滤器过滤,比如配置类本身将被过滤掉,没有@component等组件注解的类将过滤掉 //包含@component注解的组件将创建beandefinition if (iscandidatecomponent(metadatareader)) { scannedgenericbeandefinition sbd = new scannedgenericbeandefinition(metadatareader); sbd.setresource(resource); sbd.setsource(resource); if (iscandidatecomponent(sbd)) { if (debugenabled) { logger.debug("identified candidate component class: " + resource); } candidates.add(sbd); } else { if (debugenabled) { logger.debug("ignored because not a concrete top-level class: " + resource); } } } else { if (traceenabled) { logger.trace("ignored because not matching any filter: " + resource); } } } catch (throwable ex) { throw new beandefinitionstoreexception( "failed to read candidate component class: " + resource, ex); } } else { if (traceenabled) { logger.trace("ignored because not readable: " + resource); } } } } catch (ioexception ex) { throw new beandefinitionstoreexception("i/o failure during classpath scanning", ex); } return candidates; }
- @bean注解解析过程
retrievebeanmethodmetadata方法实现了@bean方法的解析,但并未将实现bean实例的创建。
private set<methodmetadata> retrievebeanmethodmetadata(sourceclass sourceclass) { annotationmetadata original = sourceclass.getmetadata(); //获取所有@bean注解的方法 set<methodmetadata> beanmethods = original.getannotatedmethods(bean.class.getname()); // 如果配置类中有多个@bean注解的方法,则排序 if (beanmethods.size() > 1 && original instanceof standardannotationmetadata) { // try reading the class file via asm for deterministic declaration order... // unfortunately, the jvm's standard reflection returns methods in arbitrary // order, even between different runs of the same application on the same jvm. try { annotationmetadata asm = this.metadatareaderfactory.getmetadatareader(original.getclassname()).getannotationmetadata(); set<methodmetadata> asmmethods = asm.getannotatedmethods(bean.class.getname()); if (asmmethods.size() >= beanmethods.size()) { set<methodmetadata> selectedmethods = new linkedhashset<>(asmmethods.size()); for (methodmetadata asmmethod : asmmethods) { for (methodmetadata beanmethod : beanmethods) { if (beanmethod.getmethodname().equals(asmmethod.getmethodname())) { selectedmethods.add(beanmethod); break; } } } if (selectedmethods.size() == beanmethods.size()) { // all reflection-detected methods found in asm method set -> proceed beanmethods = selectedmethods; } } } catch (ioexception ex) { logger.debug("failed to read class file via asm for determining @bean method order", ex); // no worries, let's continue with the reflection metadata we started with... } } return beanmethods; }
3.加载bean定义信息 this.reader.loadbeandefinitions(configclasses)
回到configurationclasspostprocessor#processconfigbeandefinitions
方法,当调用完parse方法之后,能得到一批configurationclass集合,但是这时候只是获取到,而容器中还没有对应的注册信息,那么接下来就是对这批集合进行注册处理
configurationclassbeandefinitionreader.loadbeandefinitions()方法的功能就是将之前解析出的configclasses配置类信息中所有配置相关的信息添加到spring的bean定义,主要是配置类中的@bean注解方法,配置类@importresource和@import(实现importbeandefinitionregistrar接口方式)的bean注册
configurationclassbeandefinitionreader.loadbeandefinitions()方法 实现逻辑如下:
public void loadbeandefinitions(set<configurationclass> configurationmodel) { trackedconditionevaluator trackedconditionevaluator = new trackedconditionevaluator(); for (configurationclass configclass : configurationmodel) { loadbeandefinitionsforconfigurationclass(configclass, trackedconditionevaluator); } }
private void loadbeandefinitionsforconfigurationclass( configurationclass configclass, trackedconditionevaluator trackedconditionevaluator) { if (trackedconditionevaluator.shouldskip(configclass)) { string beanname = configclass.getbeanname(); if (stringutils.haslength(beanname) && this.registry.containsbeandefinition(beanname)) { this.registry.removebeandefinition(beanname); } this.importregistry.removeimportingclass(configclass.getmetadata().getclassname()); return; } //与@import注解相关 if (configclass.isimported()) { registerbeandefinitionforimportedconfigurationclass(configclass); } //将@bean方法注册为bean for (beanmethod beanmethod : configclass.getbeanmethods()) { loadbeandefinitionsforbeanmethod(beanmethod); } //将configclass中中importresource指定的资源注册为bean loadbeandefinitionsfromimportedresources(configclass.getimportedresources()); //将configclass中importedregistrar注册为bean loadbeandefinitionsfromregistrars(configclass.getimportbeandefinitionregistrars()); }
主要看下loadbeandefinitionsforbeanmethod方法
private void loadbeandefinitionsforbeanmethod(beanmethod beanmethod) { configurationclass configclass = beanmethod.getconfigurationclass(); methodmetadata metadata = beanmethod.getmetadata(); //获取方法名 string methodname = metadata.getmethodname(); // do we need to mark the bean as skipped by its condition? if (this.conditionevaluator.shouldskip(metadata, configurationphase.register_bean)) { configclass.skippedbeanmethods.add(methodname); return; } if (configclass.skippedbeanmethods.contains(methodname)) { return; } //获取@bean注解的元数据信息 annotationattributes bean = annotationconfigutils.attributesfor(metadata, bean.class); assert.state(bean != null, "no @bean annotation attributes"); // consider name and any aliases //获取@bean注解是否有name属性,如@bean(name = "mybean") list<string> names = new arraylist<>(arrays.aslist(bean.getstringarray("name"))); //默认bean的名称和方法名称相同,但是如果设置了name,就取name作为beanname string beanname = (!names.isempty() ? names.remove(0) : methodname); //创建一个beanmethod的beandefinition configurationclassbeandefinition beandef = new configurationclassbeandefinition(configclass, metadata); beandef.setresource(configclass.getresource()); beandef.setsource(this.sourceextractor.extractsource(metadata, configclass.getresource())); //设置工厂方法 //后期bean的实例化,getbean的时候,会判断beanmethod是否存在factorymethod,如果存在,就使用反射调用工厂方法,返回工厂方法中的对象 if (metadata.isstatic()) { // static @bean method beandef.setbeanclassname(configclass.getmetadata().getclassname()); beandef.setfactorymethodname(methodname); } else { // instance @bean method beandef.setfactorybeanname(configclass.getbeanname()); beandef.setuniquefactorymethodname(methodname); } //.... this.registry.registerbeandefinition(beanname, beandeftoregister); }
上面只列出了核心代码,主要是构造了beandefinition,然后注册进容器,而beandefinition的一些属性则是由注解中获取,这部分代码省略。
另外,可以看到@bean的方式构造的beandefinition的时候,与普通的不同,这种方式是会设置工厂方法去初始化,也就是说,appconfig 类下的appbean方法被spring当成一个工厂方法,也就是说这种方式与下列的初始化方式原理类似:
<bean id="appconfig" class="com.example.springboot.springbootdemo.bean.appconfig"/> <bean id="appbean" factory-bean="appconfig" factory-method="appbean"></bean>
总结
处理逻辑理了一遍后,看一下configurationclasspostprocessor处理器解析@configuration配置类主要过程:
1. spring容器初始化时注册默认后置处理器configurationclasspostprocessor
2. spring容器初始化执行refresh()方法中调用configurationclasspostprocessor
3. configurationclasspostprocessor处理器借助configurationclassparser完成配置类解析
4. configurationclassparser配置内解析过程中完成嵌套的memberclass、@propertysource注解、@componentscan注解(扫描package下的所有class并进行迭代解析,主要是@component组件解析及注册)、@importresource、@bean等处理
5. 完成@bean注册, @importresource指定bean的注册以及@import(实现importbeandefinitionregistrar接口方式)的bean注册
6.有@bean注解的方法在解析的时候作为configurationclass的一个属性,最后还是会转换成beandefinition进行处理, 而实例化的时候会作为一个工厂方法进行bean的创建