OpenCV__Python 图像的开闭操作_教程26

（1）开操作

先腐蚀后膨胀

（2）闭操作

先膨胀后腐蚀

（3）选取合适的参数，可以检测水平和垂直的线

1、开操作

#引入opencv模块
import cv2 as cv
#引入numpy模块
import numpy as np
#引入sys模块
import sys


#open
def open_test(img):
    #（1）灰度化，阈值分割，黑色里面找白色！！！
    gray = cv.cvtColor(img,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret,binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY|cv.THRESH_OTSU)  
    print("threshold value: %s"%(ret)) #分割的阈值
    cv.namedWindow("open_binary_image",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("open_binary_image",binary)

    #(2)选择核
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(15,15))
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary,cv.MORPH_OPEN,kernel)                   
    cv.namedWindow("open_test",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)   
    cv.imshow("open_test",binary)


def img_test():
    #img = cv.imread('E:/chenopencvblogimg/dilate.jpg')
    img = cv.imread('E:/chenopencvblogimg/erode.jpg')
    #判断是否读取成功
    if img is None:
        print("Could not read the image,may be path error")
        return
    cv.namedWindow("origin Pic",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("origin Pic",img)
    #erode_test(img)
    open_test(img)
    
    #让显示等待键盘输入维持在那里，否则程序跑完就闪退啦！
    cv.waitKey(0)
    #销毁窗口
    cv.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(img_test() or 0)

 

2、闭操作

#引入opencv模块
import cv2 as cv
#引入numpy模块
import numpy as np
#引入sys模块
import sys


#open
def open_test(img):
    #（1）灰度化，阈值分割，黑色里面找白色！！！
    gray = cv.cvtColor(img,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret,binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY|cv.THRESH_OTSU)  
    print("threshold value: %s"%(ret)) #分割的阈值
    cv.namedWindow("open_binary_image",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("open_binary_image",binary)

    #(2)选择核
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(15,15))
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary,cv.MORPH_OPEN,kernel)                   
    cv.namedWindow("open_test",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)   
    cv.imshow("open_test",binary)


def close_test(img):
    #（1）灰度化，阈值分割，黑色里面找白色！！！
    gray = cv.cvtColor(img,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret,binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY|cv.THRESH_OTSU)  
    print("threshold value: %s"%(ret)) #分割的阈值
    cv.namedWindow("close_binary_image",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("close_binary_image",binary)

    #(2)选择核
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(25,25))
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary,cv.MORPH_CLOSE,kernel)                   
    cv.namedWindow("close_test",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)   
    cv.imshow("close_test",binary)


def img_test():
    #img = cv.imread('E:/chenopencvblogimg/dilate.jpg')
    img = cv.imread('E:/chenopencvblogimg/close.jpg')
    #判断是否读取成功
    if img is None:
        print("Could not read the image,may be path error")
        return
    cv.namedWindow("origin Pic",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("origin Pic",img)
    #erode_test(img)
    #open_test(img)
    close_test(img)
    
    #让显示等待键盘输入维持在那里，否则程序跑完就闪退啦！
    cv.waitKey(0)
    #销毁窗口
    cv.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(img_test() or 0)

3、水平和垂直线段提取

去掉垂直

    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(15,1))

去掉水平

#引入opencv模块
import cv2 as cv
#引入numpy模块
import numpy as np
#引入sys模块
import sys


#open,修改参数找垂直的线
def open_test(img):
    #（1）灰度化，阈值分割，黑色里面找白色！！！THRESH_BINARY_INV
    gray = cv.cvtColor(img,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret,binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV|cv.THRESH_OTSU)  
    print("threshold value: %s"%(ret)) #分割的阈值
    cv.namedWindow("open_binary_image",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("open_binary_image",binary)

    #(2)选择核
    #kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(15,1))
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(1,15))
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary,cv.MORPH_OPEN,kernel)                   
    cv.namedWindow("open_test",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)   
    cv.imshow("open_test",binary)


def close_test(img):
    #（1）灰度化，阈值分割，黑色里面找白色！！！
    gray = cv.cvtColor(img,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret,binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY|cv.THRESH_OTSU)  
    print("threshold value: %s"%(ret)) #分割的阈值
    cv.namedWindow("close_binary_image",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("close_binary_image",binary)

    #(2)选择核
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(25,25))
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary,cv.MORPH_CLOSE,kernel)                   
    cv.namedWindow("close_test",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)   
    cv.imshow("close_test",binary)


def img_test():
    img = cv.imread('E:/chenopencvblogimg/openclosethread.png')
    #判断是否读取成功
    if img is None:
        print("Could not read the image,may be path error")
        return
    cv.namedWindow("origin Pic",cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.imshow("origin Pic",img)
    open_test(img)
    #close_test(img)
    
    #让显示等待键盘输入维持在那里，否则程序跑完就闪退啦！
    cv.waitKey(0)
    #销毁窗口
    cv.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(img_test() or 0)