binary-tree-postorder-traversal
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2022-05-20 13:52:26
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【题目描述】Given a binary tree, return the postorder traversal of its nodes’ values.
For example:Given binary tree {1,#,2,3}
1
2
/
3
return [3,2,1].
Note: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?
后续遍历二叉树,要求不使用递归
【解题思路】
后序遍历递归定义:先左子树,后右子树,再根节点。
后序遍历的难点在于:需要判断上次访问的节点是位于左子树,还是右子树。
若是位于左子树,则需跳过根节点,先进入右子树,再回头访问根节点;
若是位于右子树,则直接访问根节点。
【考查内容】后序遍历
/**
* Definition for binary tree
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode *root) {
vector<int> result;
if(root == NULL)
return result;
stack<TreeNode*> s ;
//curr移到左子树的最下边
while(root != NULL){
s.push(root);
root = root->left;
}
TreeNode* curr;
TreeNode* lastVisited = NULL;
while(!s.empty()){
curr = s.top();s.pop(); //弹出栈顶元素
//一个根节点被访问的前提是:无右子树或右子树已被访问过
if(curr->right != NULL && curr->right != lastVisited){
//结点再次入栈
s.push(curr);
//进入右子树,其右子树必不为空
curr = curr->right;
while(curr != NULL){
//再走到右子树的最左边
s.push(curr);
curr = curr->left;
}
}else{
//访问当前结点,更新上一次被访问的结点
result.push_back(curr->val);
lastVisited = curr;
}
}
return result;
}
};