Java开发聊天室视频教程的资源分享
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2022-05-19 19:10:34
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《尚学堂java开发聊天室视频教程》是初级课程中课堂上讲解的小项目。让大家通过完成一个点对点的局域网聊天系统, 熟悉socket网络编程、多线程技术等。
课程播放地址:http://www.php.cn/course/516.html
该老师讲课风格:
教师讲课深入浅出,条理清楚,层层剖析,环环相扣,论证严密,结构严谨,用思维的逻辑力量吸引学生的注意力,用理智控制课堂教学进程。学生通过听教师的讲授,不仅学到知识,也受到思维的训练,还受到教师严谨的治学态度的熏陶和感染
本视频中较为难点是java开发聊天室了:
聊天室的设计思想是 :在局域网下, 利用socket进行连接通信,当服务器端启动的时候,利用Thread线程不停的等待客户端的链接;当有客户端开启连
接的时候,服务器端通过IO流反馈“上线用户”信息给客户端,客户端也使用线程不停的接收服务器的信息,从而实现多人在线聊天功能。
程序中有三个类,分别 Server.Java(服务器端)、Client(客户端)、User.java(javabean)。代码如下:
Server.java(服务器端):
import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.BindException; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.StringTokenizer; import javax.swing.DefaultListModel; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JList; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JScrollPane; import javax.swing.JSplitPane; import javax.swing.JTextArea; import javax.swing.JTextField; import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder; public class Server { private JFrame frame; private JTextArea contentArea; private JTextField txt_message; private JTextField txt_max; private JTextField txt_port; private JButton btn_start; private JButton btn_stop; private JButton btn_send; private JPanel northPanel; private JPanel southPanel; private JScrollPane rightPanel; private JScrollPane leftPanel; private JSplitPane centerSplit; private JList userList; private DefaultListModel listModel; private ServerSocket serverSocket; private ServerThread serverThread; private ArrayList<ClientThread> clients; private boolean isStart = false; // 主方法,程序执行入口 public static void main(String[] args) { new Server(); } // 执行消息发送 public void send() { if (!isStart) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "服务器还未启动,不能发送消息!", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); return; } if (clients.size() == 0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "没有用户在线,不能发送消息!", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); return; } String message = txt_message.getText().trim(); if (message == null || message.equals("")) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "消息不能为空!", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); return; } sendServerMessage(message);// 群发服务器消息 contentArea.append("服务器说:" + txt_message.getText() + "\r\n"); txt_message.setText(null); } // 构造放法 public Server() { frame = new JFrame("服务器"); // 更改JFrame的图标: //frame.setIconImage(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(Client.class.getResource("qq.png"))); frame.setIconImage(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(Server.class.getResource("qq.png"))); contentArea = new JTextArea(); contentArea.setEditable(false); contentArea.setForeground(Color.blue); txt_message = new JTextField(); txt_max = new JTextField("30"); txt_port = new JTextField("6666"); btn_start = new JButton("启动"); btn_stop = new JButton("停止"); btn_send = new JButton("发送"); btn_stop.setEnabled(false); listModel = new DefaultListModel(); userList = new JList(listModel); southPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); southPanel.setBorder(new TitledBorder("写消息")); southPanel.add(txt_message, "Center"); southPanel.add(btn_send, "East"); leftPanel = new JScrollPane(userList); leftPanel.setBorder(new TitledBorder("在线用户")); rightPanel = new JScrollPane(contentArea); rightPanel.setBorder(new TitledBorder("消息显示区")); centerSplit = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.HORIZONTAL_SPLIT, leftPanel, rightPanel); centerSplit.setDividerLocation(100); northPanel = new JPanel(); northPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 6)); northPanel.add(new JLabel("人数上限")); northPanel.add(txt_max); northPanel.add(new JLabel("端口")); northPanel.add(txt_port); northPanel.add(btn_start); northPanel.add(btn_stop); northPanel.setBorder(new TitledBorder("配置信息")); frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); frame.add(northPanel, "North"); frame.add(centerSplit, "Center"); frame.add(southPanel, "South"); frame.setSize(600, 400); //frame.setSize(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize());//设置全屏 int screen_width = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width; int screen_height = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height; frame.setLocation((screen_width - frame.getWidth()) / 2, (screen_height - frame.getHeight()) / 2); frame.setVisible(true); // 关闭窗口时事件 frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { if (isStart) { closeServer();// 关闭服务器 } System.exit(0);// 退出程序 } }); // 文本框按回车键时事件 txt_message.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { send(); } }); // 单击发送按钮时事件 btn_send.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) { send(); } }); // 单击启动服务器按钮时事件 btn_start.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (isStart) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "服务器已处于启动状态,不要重复启动!", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); return; } int max; int port; try { try { max = Integer.parseInt(txt_max.getText()); } catch (Exception e1) { throw new Exception("人数上限为正整数!"); } if (max <= 0) { throw new Exception("人数上限为正整数!"); } try { port = Integer.parseInt(txt_port.getText()); } catch (Exception e1) { throw new Exception("端口号为正整数!"); } if (port <= 0) { throw new Exception("端口号 为正整数!"); } serverStart(max, port); contentArea.append("服务器已成功启动!人数上限:" + max + ",端口:" + port + "\r\n"); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "服务器成功启动!"); btn_start.setEnabled(false); txt_max.setEnabled(false); txt_port.setEnabled(false); btn_stop.setEnabled(true); } catch (Exception exc) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, exc.getMessage(), "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } } }); // 单击停止服务器按钮时事件 btn_stop.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (!isStart) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "服务器还未启动,无需停止!", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); return; } try { closeServer(); btn_start.setEnabled(true); txt_max.setEnabled(true); txt_port.setEnabled(true); btn_stop.setEnabled(false); contentArea.append("服务器成功停止!\r\n"); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "服务器成功停止!"); } catch (Exception exc) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "停止服务器发生异常!", "错误", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } } }); } // 启动服务器 public void serverStart(int max, int port) throws java.net.BindException { try { clients = new ArrayList<ClientThread>(); serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port); serverThread = new ServerThread(serverSocket, max); serverThread.start(); isStart = true; } catch (BindException e) { isStart = false; throw new BindException("端口号已被占用,请换一个!"); } catch (Exception e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); isStart = false; throw new BindException("启动服务器异常!"); } } // 关闭服务器 @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") public void closeServer() { try { if (serverThread != null) serverThread.stop();// 停止服务器线程 for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { // 给所有在线用户发送关闭命令 clients.get(i).getWriter().println("CLOSE"); clients.get(i).getWriter().flush(); // 释放资源 clients.get(i).stop();// 停止此条为客户端服务的线程 clients.get(i).reader.close(); clients.get(i).writer.close(); clients.get(i).socket.close(); clients.remove(i); } if (serverSocket != null) { serverSocket.close();// 关闭服务器端连接 } listModel.removeAllElements();// 清空用户列表 isStart = false; } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); isStart = true; } } // 群发服务器消息 public void sendServerMessage(String message) { for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { clients.get(i).getWriter().println("服务器:" + message + "(多人发送)"); clients.get(i).getWriter().flush(); } } // 服务器线程 class ServerThread extends Thread { private ServerSocket serverSocket; private int max;// 人数上限 // 服务器线程的构造方法 public ServerThread(ServerSocket serverSocket, int max) { this.serverSocket = serverSocket; this.max = max; } public void run() { while (true) {// 不停的等待客户端的链接 try { Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); if (clients.size() == max) {// 如果已达人数上限 BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); PrintWriter w = new PrintWriter(socket .getOutputStream()); // 接收客户端的基本用户信息 String inf = r.readLine(); StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(inf, "@"); User user = new User(st.nextToken(), st.nextToken()); // 反馈连接成功信息 w.println("MAX@服务器:对不起," + user.getName() + user.getIp() + ",服务器在线人数已达上限,请稍后尝试连接!"); w.flush(); // 释放资源 r.close(); w.close(); socket.close(); continue; } ClientThread client = new ClientThread(socket); client.start();// 开启对此客户端服务的线程 clients.add(client); listModel.addElement(client.getUser().getName());// 更新在线列表 contentArea.append(client.getUser().getName() + client.getUser().getIp() + "上线!\r\n"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } // 为一个客户端服务的线程 class ClientThread extends Thread { private Socket socket; private BufferedReader reader; private PrintWriter writer; private User user; public BufferedReader getReader() { return reader; } public PrintWriter getWriter() { return writer; } public User getUser() { return user; } // 客户端线程的构造方法 public ClientThread(Socket socket) { try { this.socket = socket; reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket .getInputStream())); writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream()); // 接收客户端的基本用户信息 String inf = reader.readLine(); StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(inf, "@"); user = new User(st.nextToken(), st.nextToken()); // 反馈连接成功信息 writer.println(user.getName() + user.getIp() + "与服务器连接成功!"); writer.flush(); // 反馈当前在线用户信息 if (clients.size() > 0) { String temp = ""; for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { temp += (clients.get(i).getUser().getName() + "/" + clients .get(i).getUser().getIp()) + "@"; } writer.println("USERLIST@" + clients.size() + "@" + temp); writer.flush(); } // 向所有在线用户发送该用户上线命令 for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { clients.get(i).getWriter().println( "ADD@" + user.getName() + user.getIp()); clients.get(i).getWriter().flush(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") public void run() {// 不断接收客户端的消息,进行处理。 String message = null; while (true) { try { message = reader.readLine();// 接收客户端消息 if (message.equals("CLOSE"))// 下线命令 { contentArea.append(this.getUser().getName() + this.getUser().getIp() + "下线!\r\n"); // 断开连接释放资源 reader.close(); writer.close(); socket.close(); // 向所有在线用户发送该用户的下线命令 for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { clients.get(i).getWriter().println( "DELETE@" + user.getName()); clients.get(i).getWriter().flush(); } listModel.removeElement(user.getName());// 更新在线列表 // 删除此条客户端服务线程 for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (clients.get(i).getUser() == user) { ClientThread temp = clients.get(i); clients.remove(i);// 删除此用户的服务线程 temp.stop();// 停止这条服务线程 return; } } } else { dispatcherMessage(message);// 转发消息 } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } // 转发消息 public void dispatcherMessage(String message) { StringTokenizer stringTokenizer = new StringTokenizer(message, "@"); String source = stringTokenizer.nextToken(); String owner = stringTokenizer.nextToken(); String content = stringTokenizer.nextToken(); message = source + "说:" + content; contentArea.append(message + "\r\n"); if (owner.equals("ALL")) {// 群发 for (int i = clients.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { clients.get(i).getWriter().println(message + "(多人发送)"); clients.get(i).getWriter().flush(); } } } } }
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