使用js画图之画切线_javascript技巧

样例：http://www.zhaojz.com.cn/demo/draw9.html

//画切线
//point 圆外的一点
//dot 圆心
//r 半径
function drawCircleTangent(point, dot, r){
//画辅助线-start
var color = 'DarkRed'; //切线的颜色
var color2 = "#ccc"; //其它辅助线的颜色
drawLine(dot, [dot[0]+9*r,dot[1]], {color: color2}); // 延长圆心所在的水平线
drawLine(dot, [dot[0],dot[1]-4*r], {color: color2}); // 画出圆心所在的垂直线
drawPoint({
pw:2,ph:2,color:'DarkRed',point: [dot[0]+9*r,dot[1],'x']
});
drawPoint({
pw:2,ph:2,color:'DarkRed',point: [dot[0],dot[1]-4*r,'y']
});
drawLine(point, [point[0],dot[1]], {color: color2}); // 画point到x轴的垂直线
drawLine(point, dot, {color: color2}); // 连接point与dot
drawLine([point[0]-2*r, point[1]], [point[0]+2*r, point[1]], {color: color2}); //画point所在的水平线
//画辅助线-end
//point.push('point');
drawPoint({
pw:2,ph:2,color:'DarkRed',point: point
});
//dot.push('centre');
var r_square = Math.pow(r,2); // r的平方
var point_v = point[1]-dot[1]; //point到x轴的距离的平方
var point_h = point[0]-dot[0]; //point到y轴的距离的平方
var c_square = Math.pow(point_v,2) + Math.pow(point_h,2); //point到圆心的距离的平方
var c = Math.sqrt(c_square); //point到圆心的距离
var sinA = Math.abs(point_v)/c; //sinA
var cosA = Math.abs(point_h)/c; //cosA
var b_square = c_square-r_square; //point到切点的距离的平方
var b = Math.sqrt(b_square); //point到切点的距离
var sinB = b/c; //sinB
var cosB = r/c; //cosB
//以圆心为坐标圆点，确定point所在的象限
var quadrant = 1; //默认值
var pm_h = point_h == 0? point_h: point_h/Math.abs(point_h); //水平方向
var pm_v = point_v == 0? point_v: point_v/Math.abs(point_v); //垂直方向
var hv = pm_h*pm_v; //相乘，-1时point在一三象限，+1时point在二四象限，0时point在轴上
switch(hv){
case 1:
if((pm_h+pm_v)==-2){
quadrant = 2; //第二象限
}else{
quadrant = 4; //第四象限
}
break;
case -1:
if((pm_h-pm_v)==-2){
quadrant = 3; //第三象限
}
break;
case 0:
if((pm_h+pm_v)==-1){ //point在x轴的负半轴或者y轴的正半轴时，断定point在第二象限
quadrant = 2;
}
if((pm_h+pm_v)==1){ //point在x轴的正半轴或者y轴的负半轴时，断定point在第四象限
quadrant = 4;
}
break;
default:
}
var sinC = 0;
var conC = 0;
var sinD = 0;
var conD = 0;
switch(quadrant){
case 1:
sinC = cosB*cosA+sinB*sinA; //sinC = sin(90+(B-A)) = cos(B-A) = cosB*cosA+sinB*sinA
conC = -(sinB*cosA-cosB*sinA); //cosC = cos(90+(B-A)) = -sin(B-A) = -(sinB*cosA-cosB*sinA)
sinD = -(cosA*cosB-sinA*sinB); //sinD = sin(270-(A+B))
conD = -(sinA*cosB+cosA*sinB); //conD = cos(270-(A+B))
break;
case 2:
sinC = -(cosB*cosA-sinB*sinA); //sinC = sin(-90+(A+B))
conC = sinA*cosB+cosA*sinB; //conC = cos(-90+(A+B))
sinD = cosA*cosB+sinA*sinB; //sinD = sin(90+(A-B))
conD = -(sinA*cosB-cosA*sinB); //conD = cos(90+(A-B))
break;
case 3:
sinC = -(cosA*cosB+sinA*sinB); //sinC = sin(-90+(A-B))
conC = -(sinA*cosB-cosA*sinB); //conC = cos(-90+(A-B))
sinD = (cosA*cosB-sinA*sinB);
conD = sinA*cosB+cosA*sinB;
break;
case 4:
sinC = cosA*cosB-sinA*sinB;
conC = -(sinA*cosB+cosA*sinB)
sinD = -(cosA*cosB+sinA*sinB); //sinD = sin(270+(A-B))
conD = (sinA*cosB-cosA*sinB); //conD = cos(270+(A-B))
break;
default:
}
var tangentPointA = [point[0]+b*conC, point[1]+b*sinC]; //切点A位置
drawLine(point, tangentPointA, {color: color}); //画出切线
drawLine(dot, tangentPointA, {color: color2}); //连接圆点与切点
//drawArc(point, 17, (quadrant ==1 ||quadrant==4?180:0)-(quadrant ==2 ||quadrant==3?(-1):1)*Math.asin(sinC)*180/Math.PI, 0);
var tangentPointB = [point[0]+b*conD, point[1]+b*sinD]; //切点B位置
drawLine(point, tangentPointB, {color: color}); //画出切线
drawLine(dot, tangentPointB, {color: color2}); //连接圆点与切点
//drawArc(point, 27, (quadrant ==1 ||quadrant==4?180:0)-(quadrant ==2 ||quadrant==3?(-1):1)*Math.asin(sinD)*180/Math.PI, 0);
drawPoint({ //描切点
pw:3,ph:3,color:'DarkRed',point: tangentPointA
});
drawPoint({ //描切点
pw:3,ph:3,color:'DarkRed',point: tangentPointB
});
//画辅助弧
//(quadrant ==1 ||quadrant==4?360:0)
drawArc(point, b, 60, (quadrant ==1 ||quadrant==4?180:0)-(quadrant ==2 ||quadrant==3?(-1):1)*Math.asin(sinC)*180/Math.PI-5);
}