SAP 内表 结构 综合练习 abap，一个需求，三种方式实现，注释 部分可以单独运行，带程序 效率 分析。

* 需求：查询采购订单项目，选择条件：订单号，输出结果，行项目，物料号，公司代码，库存地点。

三种方式实现，注释 部分可以单独运行，带程序 效率 分析。

abap 代码：

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZYHJ20200217
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*REPORT zyhj20200217.

*TABLES:ekpo.
*DATA: BEGIN OF t_write OCCURS 0,
*        ebeln LIKE ekpo-ebeln,
*        ebelp LIKE ekpo-ebelp,
*        matnr LIKE ekpo-matnr,
*        bukrs LIKE ekpo-bukrs,
*        lgort LIKE ekpo-lgort,
*      END OF t_write.
*
*SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK blk1 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.
*
*  SELECT-OPTIONS: s_ebeln FOR ekpo-ebeln.
*
*SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK blk1.
*
*SELECT ebeln ebelp matnr bukrs lgort INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE t_write
*  FROM ekpo WHERE ebeln IN s_ebeln .
*LOOP AT t_write.
*  WRITE:/ t_write-ebeln,t_write-ebelp,t_write-matnr,t_write-bukrs,t_write-lgort.
*ENDLOOP.

REPORT zyhj20200217 NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING LINE-SIZE 120 LINE-COUNT 65(2).
* 需求：查询采购订单项目，选择条件：订单号，输出结果，行项目，物料号，公司代码，库存地点。

TABLES:ekpo,makt.
DATA: BEGIN OF i_data OCCURS 0  ,  "with header line
        ebelp LIKE ekpo-ebelp,
        matnr LIKE ekpo-matnr,
        bukrs LIKE ekpo-bukrs,
        lgort LIKE ekpo-lgort,
        maktx LIKE makt-maktx,
      END OF i_data,
      t1 type i, t2 type i, t3 type i, time_1 TYPE TIMESTAMP,time_2 TYPE TIMESTAMP,time_3 TYPE TIMESTAMP.


SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK blk1  WITH FRAME TITLE text001.
SELECT-OPTIONS: s_ebeln FOR ekpo-ebeln. "项目号    aaa
  SELECTION-SCREEN END OF  BLOCK blk1.
* PARAMETERS Company AS CHECKBOX.
* 检查屏幕
*AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
* 程序的初始化
*INITIALIZATION.
* 开始取数据  别名
*START-OF-SELECTION.

DATA:
  wcl_container type ref to cl_gui_custom_container,  "存放ALV的容器
  wcl_alv       type ref to cl_gui_alv_grid,  "ALV的网络
  gt_fieldcat type lvc_t_fcat,   "存放字段目录的内表
  gs_layout     type lvc_s_layo. "布局结构
DATA:lt_sflight type table of sflight,wa_sflight type sflight.


**** 第一种分两次单表查询取数，第一次取完数，存在内表中，凭此数据，在循环中内表数据（物料描述），再去修改。效率比下面的方法快10倍
*get run time field t1.
*  SELECT A~EBELP A~MATNR A~BUKRS A~LGORT INTO
*    CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE  I_DATA " 高效一点的做法 SELECT INTO CORRESPONDING TABLE
*    FROM EKPO AS A WHERE A~EBELN IN s_ebeln."S_EBELN.
*
*
*    SELECT  MAKTX INTO I_DATA-MAKTX FROM MAKT WHERE MATNR = I_DATA-MATNR ." AND SPRAS ='E'. "加了single ，select 后面的 ENDSELECT ，就可以去掉了。
*      APPEND I_DATA.
*      CLEAR I_DATA.
*    ENDSELECT.
*
*GET RUN TIME FIELD t2.
*T3 = T2 - T1.              " TOTAL TIME
*WRITE t3.

**** 第一种分两次单表查询取数，第一次取数在结构中，然后在内表中执行循环，并插入，然后APPEND，完成里层循环，开始二次外场循环
**低效一点的做法 SELECT INTO CORRESPONDING 结构 而不是 TABLE，效率会低一点。
*    GET TIME STAMP FIELD time_1.
*  SELECT A~EBELP A~MATNR A~BUKRS A~LGORT INTO
*    CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF I_DATA "低效一点的做法 SELECT INTO CORRESPONDING 结构I_DATA 而不是 TABLE，效率会低一点。
*    FROM EKPO AS A WHERE A~EBELN IN s_ebeln."S_EBELN.
*
*    SELECT  MAKTX INTO I_DATA-MAKTX FROM MAKT WHERE MATNR = I_DATA-MATNR ." AND SPRAS ='E'. "加了single ，select 后面的 ENDSELECT ，就可以去掉了。
*      APPEND I_DATA.
*      CLEAR I_DATA.
*    ENDSELECT.
*  ENDSELECT.
*
*    GET TIME STAMP FIELD time_2.
*time_3 = time_2 - time_1.              " TOTAL TIME  秒内计数不起作用。
*Write: / 'The short time stamp is:', time_1 . "TIME ZONE SY-ZONLO.
*Write: / 'The short time stamp is:', time_2 . "TIME ZONE SY-ZONLO.
*WRITE time_1.
*WRITE time_2.
*WRITE time_3.
*WRITE /.



*第二种两个表关联取出得数据到结构，然后循环写到内表中，不是最好的办法，已经无问题，除分页，，
*get run time field t1.
*  SELECT a~ebelp "采购凭证号
*     a~matnr "物料
*     a~bukrs "工厂
*    a~lgort "库位
*    b~maktx "物料描述
*    INTO
*    (i_data-ebelp,i_data-matnr,i_data-bukrs,i_data-lgort,i_data-maktx) FROM ekpo AS a
*  JOIN makt AS b ON a~matnr = b~matnr WHERE a~ebeln IN s_ebeln . "  AND b~spras = 'E'.
*    APPEND i_data.
*    CLEAR i_data.
*  ENDSELECT.
* GET RUN TIME FIELD t2.
*T3 = T2 - T1.              " TOTAL TIME
*WRITE t3.

* 第二种方法两个表关联的第2种方法，用：CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF 带 TABLE I_DATA
*******说明： select into corespond 不带 TABLE ,采购订单号：3100000003  有结果，且物料描述有值，达到目的，除了分页问题 和 物料描述换行问题外，没有问题。
*get run time field t1.
*  SELECT A~EBELP A~MATNR A~BUKRS A~LGORT b~maktx INTO
*    CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE I_DATA "CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE 这个table 必须去掉
*    FROM EKPO AS A JOIN makt AS b ON a~matnr = b~matnr WHERE A~EBELN IN S_EBELN.
*GET RUN TIME FIELD t2.
*T3 = T2 - T1.              " TOTAL TIME
*WRITE t3.
******   ENDSELECT. " 不能使用 ENDSELECT,1是 语法不行，二、这样效率低，需要长时间和数据库保持连接状态。

**** 第三种方法 单表取出数据放入内表 select into corespond TABLE ，再用LOOP 循环 开启 查询 ，查到数据，再借用循环修改数据，耗时貌似最长时间
**** 第一个表取值不直接放入TABLE,放入结构后用另外的SQL语句取物料描述，最后append到内表。
get run time field t1.
   SELECT A~EBELP A~MATNR A~BUKRS A~LGORT INTO
    CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE I_DATA "CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE 这个table 必须去掉
    FROM EKPO AS A WHERE A~EBELN IN S_EBELN.
* ***    修改数据
  LOOP AT  i_data.
  SELECT single  maktx into i_data-maktx
 from makt where matnr = i_data-matnr  .
  modify i_data.
  clear i_data.   " 加了保险一些。
  endloop.
GET RUN TIME FIELD t2.
T3 = T2 - T1.              " TOTAL TIME
WRITE t3.
***** 第三种方法end

 loop at i_data.
   NEW-LINE.
   write : at 1 '|' no-gap,i_data-ebelp left-justified,
   at 21  '|' no-gap,i_data-MATNR left-justified,
   at 30  '|' no-gap,i_data-BUKRS left-justified,
   at 41  '|' no-gap,i_data-LGORT left-justified,
   at 51  '|' no-gap,i_data-maktx left-justified,
   at 90  '|' no-gap.
   NEW-LINE.
   uline at 1(90).
   endloop.
* 定义表头
TOP-OF-PAGE.
WRITE:50 '测试程序表头'.
NEW-LINE.
NEW-LINE.
WRITE: AT 1 '|' NO-GAP,'项目号' LEFT-JUSTIFIED,
 AT 21 '|' NO-GAP,'物料编码' LEFT-JUSTIFIED,
  AT 30 '|' NO-GAP,'工厂' LEFT-JUSTIFIED,
  AT 41 '|' NO-GAP,'库位' LEFT-JUSTIFIED,
  AT 51 '|' NO-GAP,'物料描述' LEFT-JUSTIFIED  ,
  AT 90 '|' NO-GAP.
NEW-LINE.
ULINE AT 1(90).

INCLUDE zyhj20200217_status_9000o01.