Android提高之ListView实现自适应表格的方法

前面有文章介绍了使用gridview实现表格的方法，本文就来说说如何用listview实现自适应的表格。gridview比listview更容易实现自适应的表格，但是gridview每个格单元的大小固定，而listview实现的表格可以自定义每个格单元的大小，但因此实现自适应表格也会复杂些(主要由于格单元大小不一)。此外，gridview实现的表格可以定位在具体某个格单元，而listview实现的表格则只能定位在表格行。因此还是那句老话：根据具体的使用环境而选择gridview 或者 listview实现表格。

先来看看本文程序运行的效果图，如下图所示：

本文实现的listview表格，可以每个格单元大小不一，文本(textview)或图片(imageview)做格单元的数据，不需要预先定义xml实现样式(自适应的根本目标)。由于listview置于horizontalscrollview中，因此对于列比较多/列数据比较长的数据表也能很好地适应其宽度。

main.xml源码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent">
 <horizontalscrollview android:id="@+id/horizontalscrollview01"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent">
 <listview android:id="@+id/listview01" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"></listview>
 </horizontalscrollview>
</linearlayout>

主类testmylistview.java的源码如下：

package com.testmylistview;
import java.util.arraylist;
import com.testmylistview.tableadapter.tablecell;
import com.testmylistview.tableadapter.tablerow;
import android.app.activity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.listview;
import android.widget.linearlayout.layoutparams;
import android.widget.toast;
/**
 * @author hellogv
 */
public class testmylistview extends activity {
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 listview lv;
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
 super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
 setcontentview(r.layout.main);
 this.settitle("listview自适应实现表格---hellogv");
 lv = (listview) this.findviewbyid(r.id.listview01);
 arraylist<tablerow> table = new arraylist<tablerow>();
 tablecell[] titles = new tablecell[5];// 每行5个单元
 int width = this.getwindowmanager().getdefaultdisplay().getwidth()/titles.length;
 // 定义标题
 for (int i = 0; i < titles.length; i++) {
  titles[i] = new tablecell("标题" + string.valueof(i), 
   width + 8 * i,
   layoutparams.fill_parent, 
   tablecell.string);
 }
 table.add(new tablerow(titles));
 // 每行的数据
 tablecell[] cells = new tablecell[5];// 每行5个单元
 for (int i = 0; i < cells.length - 1; i++) {
  cells[i] = new tablecell("no." + string.valueof(i),
   titles[i].width, 
   layoutparams.fill_parent, 
   tablecell.string);
 }
 cells[cells.length - 1] = new tablecell(r.drawable.icon,
   titles[cells.length - 1].width, 
   layoutparams.wrap_content,
   tablecell.image);
 // 把表格的行添加到表格
 for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
  table.add(new tablerow(cells));
 tableadapter tableadapter = new tableadapter(this, table);
 lv.setadapter(tableadapter);
 lv.setonitemclicklistener(new itemclickevent());
 }
 class itemclickevent implements adapterview.onitemclicklistener {
 @override
 public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> arg0, view arg1, int arg2,
  long arg3) {
  toast.maketext(testmylistview.this, "选中第"+string.valueof(arg2)+"行", 500).show();
 }
 }
}

listview自适应实现table的类tableadapter.java代码如下：

此处需要注意：tablecell是格单元的类，tablerow是表格行的类，tablerowview是实现表格行的组件。实现步骤：tablecell --> tablerow（tablerowview）-->listview

package com.testmylistview;
import java.util.list;
import android.content.context;
import android.graphics.color;
import android.view.gravity;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.baseadapter;
import android.widget.imageview;
import android.widget.linearlayout;
import android.widget.textview;
public class tableadapter extends baseadapter {
 private context context;
 private list<tablerow> table;
 public tableadapter(context context, list<tablerow> table) {
 this.context = context;
 this.table = table;
 }
 @override
 public int getcount() {
 return table.size();
 }
 @override
 public long getitemid(int position) {
 return position;
 }
 public tablerow getitem(int position) {
 return table.get(position);
 }
 public view getview(int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent) {
 tablerow tablerow = table.get(position);
 return new tablerowview(this.context, tablerow);
 }
 /**
 * tablerowview 实现表格行的样式
 * @author hellogv
 */
 class tablerowview extends linearlayout {
 public tablerowview(context context, tablerow tablerow) {
  super(context);
  
  this.setorientation(linearlayout.horizontal);
  for (int i = 0; i < tablerow.getsize(); i++) {//逐个格单元添加到行
  tablecell tablecell = tablerow.getcellvalue(i);
  linearlayout.layoutparams layoutparams = new linearlayout.layoutparams(
   tablecell.width, tablecell.height);//按照格单元指定的大小设置空间
  layoutparams.setmargins(0, 0, 1, 1);//预留空隙制造边框
  if (tablecell.type == tablecell.string) {//如果格单元是文本内容
   textview textcell = new textview(context);
   textcell.setlines(1);
   textcell.setgravity(gravity.center);
   textcell.setbackgroundcolor(color.black);//背景黑色
   textcell.settext(string.valueof(tablecell.value));
   addview(textcell, layoutparams);
  } else if (tablecell.type == tablecell.image) {//如果格单元是图像内容
   imageview imgcell = new imageview(context);
   imgcell.setbackgroundcolor(color.black);//背景黑色
   imgcell.setimageresource((integer) tablecell.value);
   addview(imgcell, layoutparams);
  }
  }
  this.setbackgroundcolor(color.white);//背景白色，利用空隙来实现边框
 }
 }
 /**
 * tablerow 实现表格的行
 * @author hellogv
 */
 static public class tablerow {
 private tablecell[] cell;
 public tablerow(tablecell[] cell) {
  this.cell = cell;
 }
 public int getsize() {
  return cell.length;
 }
 public tablecell getcellvalue(int index) {
  if (index >= cell.length)
  return null;
  return cell[index];
 }
 }
 /**
 * tablecell 实现表格的格单元
 * @author hellogv
 */
 static public class tablecell {
 static public final int string = 0;
 static public final int image = 1;
 public object value;
 public int width;
 public int height;
 private int type;
 public tablecell(object value, int width, int height, int type) {
  this.value = value;
  this.width = width;
  this.height = height;
  this.type = type;
 }
 }
}

希望本文所述实例能够对大家进行android项目开发有所帮助。