oracle基础
3个默认的用户(oracle9)
sys change_on_install [as sysdba] (网络管理员,权限最高)
system manager (本地普通管理员)
scott tiger (普通用户)
创建用户
1.打开命令窗口,输入sqlplus / as sysdba
2.在出现的SQL>m命令行下输入 show user, 会提示USER为“SYS”
3.然后输入:create user lisi identified by lisi;
4.授权:grant create session to lisi;
gramt create table to lisi;
grant unlimited tablespace to lisi;
grant create session to public;
revoke create table from lisi; 收回创建表的权限
5.另启一个命令行窗口,输入:sqlplus lisi/lisi
6.创建表:create table mytable (id int);
7.插入数据并提交:insert into mytable values(1);
commit;
8.删除表:drop table mytable;
9.查看用户被赋予的权限:select * from user_sys_privs;
select * from user_tab_privs;
对象权限:把自己创建的表的查询权限赋予给另外一个用户
grant select on mytab to lisi;
grant all on mytab to lisi;
revoke select on mytab from lisi;
revoke all on mytab from lisi;
对象权限可以控制到列:
grant update(name) on mytab to lisi;
grant insert(id) on mytab to lisi;
select * from user_col_privs;
查询和删除不能控制到列
权限传递:
grant alert any table to lisi with admin option;
grant select on sys.A to wangwu with grant option;
角色:
create role myrole;
grant create session to myrole;
grant create table to myrole;
create user zhangsan identified by zhangsan;
grant myrole to zhangsan;
drop role myrole;
注意:有些系统权限是不能直接赋予给角色的,如inlimited tablespace
crate table create any table
[alter table] alter any table
[drop table] drop any table
表是属于某一个用户的,而角色不属于某个用户
数据库的三种验证机制:操作系统验证、密码文件验证、数据库验证
linux下oracle的启动过程:
lsnrctl start
//sqlplus sys/oracle as sysdba
sqlplus /nolog
conn sys/oracle as sysdba
startup
window下oracle的启动过程:
lsnrctl start
startup
更改口令文件:
把原有口令文件删掉
E:\oracle\ora92\database\pwdora9i.ora;
orapwd file=E:\oracle\ora92\database\pwdora9i.ora password=sys entries=10;
select * from v$pwfile_users;
Oracle数据库用户
1.三个常用的系统用户
Scott(一个数据库的普通用户)
Connect scott/tiger
Manager(数据库管理员)
Connect system/manager
Sys(数据库对象的拥有者权限最高)
Connect sys/change_on_install as sysdba;sss
创建用户
Create User 用户名
Indentified by 密码
Default TableSpace 默认表空间
Temporay TableSpace 临时表空间
Quota 整数 K|M|Limited on 表空间
限制用户
用户加锁:alter User 用户名 Account Lock
用户解锁:alter User 用户名 Account Unlock
用户口令立即失效:alter User 用户名 Password Expire
删除用户
Drop User 用户名[CasCade]
CasCade表示删除所有对象