Oracle 触发器
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2022-05-07 14:17:14
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---before 触发器 在 dml 操作之后----------------- create or replace trigger tr_sec_emp before insert into update or delete on emp begin if to_char(Sysdate,’Dy') in ('星期六',’星期日') then raise_application_error(-2000,’不能在休息的日修改员工的信息'); end if; end; --使用 条件谓词 inserting updating deleting create or replace trigger tri_sce_emp before insert or update or delete on emp begin if to_char(sysdate,’Dy') in ('星期六','星期日') then case when updating then raise_application_error(-2000,'不能在休息日更员工的信息'); when deleting then raise_application_error(-2001,'不能在休息日删除员工的信息'); when inserting then raise_appllication_error(-2003,'不能在休息日插入员工的信息'); end case; end if; end ; -- if updating('sal') then ----执行操作 end if; --使用 after 触发器 在DMl中 之后 create table audit_table 创建审计表 ( id number primary key, tb_name varchar2(20) not null, ins number not null, upd number not null, del number not null, starttime date, endtime date ); create or replace trigger tri_sce_emp after insert or update or delete on emp declare v_temp number; begin select count(*) into v_temp from audit_table where tb_name='emp'; if v_temp=0 then insert into audit_table values(seq_audit.Nextval,'emp',0,0,0,sysdate,null); end if; case when inserting then update audit_table set ins=ins+1,endtime=sysdate where tb_name='emp'; when updating then update audit_table set upd=upd+1,endtime=sysdate where tb_name='tmp'; when deleting then update audit_table set del=del+1,endtime=sysdate where tb_name='emp'; end case; end; ---行触发器(before) :new 中的数据是可以更新的额 :old 中的数据是只读的 create or replace trigger tir_emp_sal before update of sal on emp for each row begin if :new.sal<:old.sal then raise_application(-20000,'新工资不能小于原有工资'); end if end; --after 行级触发器(为了审计DML操作) create table audit_sal_change ( id number primary key, ename varchar2(20) not null, oldsal number(7,2) not null, newsal number(7,2) not null, auditTime Date ); create or replace trigger tri_sal_change after update of sal on emp for each row begin insert into audit_sal_change values(seq_audit_sal_change.nextVal,:old.ename,:old.sal,:new.sal,sysdate); end; --限制行触发器 create or replace trigger tri_sal_change after update of sal on emp for each row when (old.job='manager') begin insert into audit_sal_changes values(seq_audit_sal_chagne.NextVal,:old.ename,:old.sal,:new.sal,sysdate); end; --为复杂视图创建触发器 Insread Of create or replace VIEW view_dept_emp as select a.deptno,a.dname,b.empno,b.ename from dept a,emp b whre a.deptno=b.deptno; create or replace trigger tr_inserted_of_dept_emp Instead Of insert on view_dept_emp for each row declare v_temp number; begin select count(*) into v_temp form dept where deptno=:new.deptno; if v_temp=0 then insert into dept(deptno ,dname) values (:new.deptno,:new.dname); end if; select count(*) into v_temp from emp where empno=:new.empno; if v_temp=0 then insert int emp(empno,ename) values(:new.empno,:new.ename); end if; end; ---系统事件触发器 --创建例程启动和关闭的表 create table event_table ( event varchar2(20), event_time date ) --例程启动 只能是 after 关闭是 before create or replace trigger tri_startup after startup on database begin insert into event_table values(ora_sysevent,SySDate); end; create or replace trigger tri_shutdown before SHUTDOWN on database begin insert into event_table values(ora_sysevent,sysdate); end; --登录 after和退出触发器 before --创建表 crreate table log_table ( username varchar2(20), logon_time date, logoff_time date, Ip varchar2(20) ); --登录 create or replace trigger tr_logon after logon on database when (ora_login_user not in ('sys','sysyman')) begin insert into log_table (username,logon_time,ip) vlues (ora_login_user,sysydate,ora_client_ip_address); end; -- 退出 create or replace trigger lon_off before logoff on database when (ora_login_user not in ('sys','sysMan')) begin insert int log_table (userName,log_off_time,ip) values (ora_login_user,sysdate,ora_client_ip_address); end; ---DDL 触发器 --创建存储DDL事件的表 craete table evetn_ddl ( event varchar2(20), userName varchar2(20), owner varcchar2(20), objtype varcharr2(20), oibname varchar2(30), ddl_time date ); create or replace trigger tri_ddl after ddl on scott.schema begin insert int event_ddl values(ora_sysyevent,ora_login_user,ora_dict_object_ower,ora_dict_bj_name,ora_dict_pnj_type,sysdate); end; ---管理触发器 --显示触发器的信息 select trigger_name,status from user_triggers where table_name=‘emp’; --禁止 启用触发器 alter trigger tri_sal_change disable; alter trigger tr_sal_change enable; --启用触发器 alter table emp enable all triggers; --重新编译触发器 --当使用 alter table 修改表的结构时候, 会是触发器无效 alter trigger tri_sal_change compile; --删除触发器 drop trigger tr_sal_change;
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