android4.0 jni Hello World 开发～图解

之前之前用R4，现在一下就跳到用R7了，ANDROID4.0出来过后，应该有不少热机友敢望资疗吧，OK，在网上偶尔浏览的时候，看到有很多初学者希望了解在ANDROID中NDK应用的开发，不知道它是怎么开发与运行的，今天我就简单来图解一个HelloWorld的简单实列吧，以好供初学者做给力的参考，OK，不废话了，直入正题吧：

首先，我们得配置环境，当然这是在你本来就有SDK开发环境的情况下，请去官方下个NDK吧：http://www.android.com.,最新版本为android-ndk-r7-linux-x86.tar.bz2，即R7，我一直用的是LINUX，所以我下的是LINUX版本，如果你是WINDOWS或者MAC的话，你自己看着办吧，OK，下下来后，解压在你自己认为可以放的地方就行了，看目录：，以上为解压后的R7目录,先别急新建项目开发，先配置NDK环境:打开终端，输入命令:sudo vim ~/.baserc,打开后根据下面图，填入下下来的NDK目录路径:

在图中可以看到有这行：export NDK_HOME=/home/development/android/android-ndk-r7/

即为NDK所需配置的环境路径。保存后，输入: source ~/.baserc 来使其配置立即生效，OK后，咋们来新创建一个项目，为jni_demo,下面我需要看当前那个目录截图，你会发现目录中有一个sample目录，里面就是其本身已有的列子，在这里我得提醒各位，不敢你遇到任何新的语言，先看它的Hello World列子，不要急于误打误撞的敲代码，先看清楚它的列子的运行效果，OK，在这里我们就以hello-jni这个列子来验证吧，打开这个目录:

可看到有四个目录，一个是JNI为C～比源码处，一个是APP的RES，一个SRC为JAVA源代码，再一个就是测试目录，另外两个文件就不在这里说了，我们新建了项目后，需要写JNI代码与JAVA代码，所以在这里，我就直接把这里的jni里面的代码拷贝到我的项目中去，记得在自己的项目中需要新建一个jni文件,其拷贝的两个文件分别是:Android.mk与hello-jni.c,其Android.mk文件内容是:

# Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)


include $(CLEAR_VARS)


LOCAL_MODULE := hello-jni
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hello-jni.c


include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

hello-jni.c文件的内容为:

/*
* Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*/
#include <string.h>
#include <jni.h>


/* This is a trivial JNI example where we use a native method
* to return a new VM String. See the corresponding Java source
* file located at:
*
* apps/samples/hello-jni/project/src/com/example/HelloJni/HelloJni.java
*/
jstring
Java_com_jsd_jni_demo_JsdJniActivity_getJniDatas( JNIEnv* env,
jobject thiz )
{
return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "This is for Datas from JNI !");
}

注意观察红色字体，其为项目目录路径地址，根据自己实际项目目录来定，

好了，在新建ACTIVITY类中：

package com.jsd.jni.demo;


import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;


/**
*
* @author jankey
*
*/
public class JsdJniActivity extends Activity {

private Button mJniDemo = null;
private TextView mGetJni = null;

/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
findById();
}

private void findById(){
mJniDemo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.jniDemo);
mGetJni = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.getJni);
mJniDemo.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mGetJni.setText(getJniDatas());
}
});
}

/**
* A native method that is implemented by the
* 'hello-jni' native library, which is packaged
* with this application.
* @return
*/
public native String getJniDatas();

/**
*This is another native method declaration that is *not*
* implemented by 'hello-jni'. This is simply to show that
* you can declare as many native methods in your Java code
* as you want, their implementation is searched in the
* currently loaded native libraries only the first time
* you call them.
*
* Trying to call this function will result in a
* java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError exception !
* @return
*/
public native String unimplementedGetJniDatas();

/**
* this is used to load the 'hello-jni' library on application
* startup. The library has already been unpacked into
* /data/data/com.example.HelloJni/lib/libhello-jni.so at
* installation time by the package manager.
*/
static{
System.loadLibrary("hello-jni");
}
}

上面有注释，其native方法为JNI需要调用与执行的方法，

在布局里就添加了一个按钮与一个文本，使用按钮单点后来获得文本显示的字符为JNI所得来的数据,其实这个过程很简单，基本就是NDK里面本身的列子般过来运行一样，等这都完了，先不要急于运行，你需要先把C文件进行编译后才能执行运行APP，在命令行进入其目录的JNI目录,使用ndk-build命令来构建编译：

你会看到：jankey@jankey-ThinkPad-Edge:~/workspace/jni_demo/jni$ ndk-build
Compile thumb : hello-jni <= hello-jni.c
SharedLibrary : libhello-jni.so
Install : libhello-jni.so => libs/armeabi/libhello-jni.so，生成了两个文件目录：

即两个.so为后缀的文件，在这里基本就没什么问题了，这样就建立了C与JAVA通信的一个过程，OK，使用CTRI+F11开始运行其APP：

，先我们可以单击来获取JNI返回回来的数据了:

这就把数据给调出来了，如果你是初学者，你还等什么呢，赶快动手吧，希望这能给在入门里做最给里的参考，谢谢，有时间，我会继续慢慢的写一些深入的内容，可敬请期待