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python日志logging模块学习

程序员文章站 2022-05-03 23:20:16
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ref:http://www.cnblogs.com/dkblog/archive/2011/08/26/2155018.html

 

1.简单的将日志打印到屏幕:

 

import logging

logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')

 

运行结果只有一条:

    WARNING:root:This is warning message

 

默认情况下,logging将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING;

日志级别大小关系为:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,当然也可以自己定义日志级别。

 

 

2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置

 

 

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')
    
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')

 

 

输入的日志文件有:

myapp.log文件中内容为:

Mon, 27 Jan 2014 14:30:09 loggingtest01.py[line:14] DEBUG This is debug message

Mon, 27 Jan 2014 14:30:09 loggingtest01.py[line:15] INFO This is info message

Mon, 27 Jan 2014 14:30:09 loggingtest01.py[line:16] WARNING This is warning message

 

关于logging.basicConfig函数的常用配置:

filename: 指定日志文件名
filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w'或'a'
format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示:
 %(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值
 %(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称
 %(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]
 %(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名
 %(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数
 %(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号
 %(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间
 %(thread)d: 打印线程ID
 %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称
 %(process)d: 打印进程ID
 %(message)s: 打印日志信息
datefmt: 指定时间格式,同time.strftime()
level: 设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNING
stream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略

 

不配置filename的时候,默认是将日志输出到控制台的:

 

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S') 
				
	logging.debug('This is debug message')
	logging.info('This is info message')
	logging.warning('This is warning message')
 

 

 

 

3.将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕

 

#encoding=gbk
import logging

if __name__ == "__main__":
	
	logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
					format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
					datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
					filename='myapp.log',
					filemode='w')

	#################################################################################################
	#定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象#
	console = logging.StreamHandler()
	console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
	formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
	console.setFormatter(formatter)
	logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)
	#################################################################################################

	logging.debug('This is debug message')
	logging.info('This is info message')
	logging.warning('This is warning message')

 

 

 

logging.StreamHandler: 日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件

logging.FileHandler: 日志输出到文件

日志回滚方式,实际使用时用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandler

logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler

logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler

logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler

logging.handlers.SocketHandler: 远程输出日志到TCP/IP sockets

logging.handlers.DatagramHandler:  远程输出日志到UDP sockets

logging.handlers.SMTPHandler:  远程输出日志到邮件地址

logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志输出到syslog

logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志

logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志输出到内存中的制定buffer

logging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通过"GET"或"POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器

 

4.通过logging.config模块配置日志

#logger.conf
###############################################
[loggers]
keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01]
handlers=hand01,hand02
qualname=example01
propagate=0
[logger_example02]
handlers=hand01,hand03
qualname=example02
propagate=0
###############################################
[handlers]
keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
[handler_hand01]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02]
class=FileHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=form01
args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03]
class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
###############################################
[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
[formatter_form02]
format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s
datefmt=

 

上例3:

import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example01")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')

 

上例4:

import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example02")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')

 

 

 

 

 

PS.logging是线程安全的