欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页

Yum命令

程序员文章站 2022-04-30 17:21:36
...

yum理解

yum( Yellow dog Updater, Modified)是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中的Shell前端软件包管理器。

基於RPM包管理,能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装,可以自动处理依赖性关系,并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包,无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。

yum提供了查找、安装、删除某一个、一组甚至全部软件包的命令,而且命令简洁而又好记。

yum 语法

yum [options] [command] [package ...]options:可选,选项包括-h(帮助),-y(当安装过程提示选择全部为"yes"),-q(不显示安装的过程)等等。

command:要进行的操作。

package:操作的对象。

yum常用命令

1.列出所有可更新的软件清单命令:yum check-update 

2.更新所有软件命令:yum update 

3.仅安装指定的软件命令:yum install <package_name> 

4.仅更新指定的软件命令:yum update <package_name> 

5.列出所有可安裝的软件清单命令:yum list 

6.删除软件包命令:yum remove <package_name> 

7.查找软件包 命令:yum search <keyword> 

8.清除缓存命令: -yum clean packages: 清除缓存目录下的软件包 

-yum clean headers: 清除缓存目录下的 headers 

-yum clean oldheaders: 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers 

-yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; 

yum clean oldheaders) :清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers

 

实例1:安装 pam-devel

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install pam-devel 

Setting up Install Process 

Parsing package install arguments 

Resolving Dependencies <==先检查软件的属性相依问题 

--> Running transaction check 

---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated 

--> Processing Dependency: pam = 0.99.6.2-4.el5 for package: pam-devel 

--> Running transaction check

---> Package pam.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated 

filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 1.6 MB 00:05 

filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 138 kB 00:00 

-> Finished Dependency Resolution 

……(省略)

实例 2:移除 pam-devel

[[email protected] ~]# yum remove pam-devel 

Setting up Remove Process Resolving Dependencies <==同样的,先解决属性相依的问题 

--> Running transaction check 

---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be erased 

--> Finished Dependency Resolution 



Dependencies Resolved



============================================================================= 
Package Arch Version Repository Size 
============================================================================= 

Removing: 
pam-devel    i386     0.99.6.2-4.el5      installed     495 k     

Transaction Summary 

============================================================================= 

Install 0 Package(s) 

Update 0 Package(s) 

Remove 1 Package(s) <==还好,并没有属性相依的问题,单纯移除一个软件 



Is this ok [y/N]: y 

Downloading Packages: 

Running rpm_check_debug 

Running Transaction Test 

Finished Transaction Test 

Transaction Test Succeeded 

Running Transaction 

Erasing : pam-devel           ######################### [1/1] 

Removed: pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 

Complete!

 

实例 3:利用 yum 的功能,找出以 pam 为开头的软件名称有哪些?

[[email protected] ~]# yum list pam* 
Installed Packages 
pam.i386 0.99.6.2-3.27.el5 installed 
pam_ccreds.i386 3-5 installed 
pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-1 installed 
pam_passwdqc.i386 1.0.2-1.2.2 installed 
pam_pkcs11.i386 0.5.3-23 installed 
pam_smb.i386 1.1.7-7.2.1 installed 
Available Packages <==底下则是『可升级』的或『未安装』的 
pam.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base 
pam-devel.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base 
pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-10 base