WindowsForm实现警告消息框的实例代码

警告消息框主要是用来向用户户展示诸如警告、异常、完成和提示消息。一般实现的效果就是从系统窗口右下角弹出，然后加上些简单的显示和消失的动画。

创建警告框窗口

首先我们创建一个警告框窗口(form)，将窗口设置为无边框(formboderstyle=none)，添加上图片和内容显示控件

创建好警告框后，我们先让他能够从窗口右下角显示出来,

  public partial class alertmessageform : form
  {
    public alertmessageform()
    {
      initializecomponent();
    }

    private int x, y;

    public void show(string message)
    {
      this.startposition = formstartposition.manual;
      this.x = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.width - this.width;
      this.y = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.height - this.height;
      this.location = new point(x, y);
      labelcontent.text = message;
      this.show();
    }
  }

警告框显示和关闭动画

添加一个计时器，通过时钟控制窗口背景渐入和淡出

  // 警告框的行为（显示，停留，退出）
  public enum alertformaction
  {
    start,
    wait,
    close
  }

  public partial class alertmessageform : form
  {
    public alertmessageform()
    {
      initializecomponent();
    }

    private int x, y;
    private alertformaction action;

    private void timer1_tick(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      switch (action)
      {
        case alertformaction.start:
          timer1.interval = 50;//警告显示的时间
          this.opacity += 0.1;
          if (this.opacity == 1.0)
          {
            action = alertformaction.wait;
          }
          break;
        case alertformaction.wait:
          timer1.interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
          action = alertformaction.close;
          break;
        case alertformaction.close:
          timer1.interval = 50;//警告退出的时间
          this.opacity -= 0.1;
          if (this.opacity == 0.0)
          {
            this.close();
          }
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }

    public void show(string message)
    {
      //设置窗口启始位置
      this.startposition = formstartposition.manual;
      this.x = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.width - this.width;
      this.y = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.height - this.height;
      this.location = new point(x, y);

      labelcontent.text = message;
      this.opacity = 0.0;

      this.show();

      action = alertformaction.start;
      //启动时钟
      timer1.start();
    }
  }

处理多种不同类型的警告框

添加alerttype枚举，让警告框显示不同类型的消息，根据消息类型变换不同的消息主题颜色,并未show方法添加警告框类型参数

  public enum alerttype
  {
    info,
    success,
    warning,
    error
  }

 // 设置警告框主题
 private void setalerttheme(alerttype type)
 {
   switch (type)
   {
     case alerttype.info:
       this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.info;
       this.backcolor = color.royalblue;
       break;
     case alerttype.success:
       this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.success;
       this.backcolor = color.seagreen;
       break;
     case alerttype.warning:
       this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.warning;
       this.backcolor = color.darkorange;
       break;
     case alerttype.error:
       this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.error;
       this.backcolor = color.darkred;
       break;
     default:
       break;
   }
 }

 // 显示警告框
 public void show(string message, alerttype type){
  // ...
  setalerttheme(type);
 }

处理多个警告框重叠问题

当然，完成上面的处理是不够的，当有多个消息的时候，消息框会重叠在一起；多个消息时，需要将消息窗口按一定的规则排列，这里我们设置每个消息窗口间隔一定的距离

    public void show(string message, alerttype type)
    {
      // 设置窗口启始位置
      this.startposition = formstartposition.manual;

      // 设置程序每个打开的消息窗口的位置，超过10个就不做处理，这个可以根据自己的需求设定
      string fname;
      for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
      {
        fname = "alert" + i.tostring();
        alertmessageform alert = (alertmessageform)application.openforms[fname];
        if (alert == null)
        {
          this.name = fname;
          this.x = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.width - this.width;
          this.y = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.height - this.height * i - 5 * i;
          this.location = new point(x, y);
          break;
        }
      }

      labelcontent.text = message;
      this.opacity = 0.0;
      setalerttheme(type);
      this.show();

      action = alertformaction.start;
      //启动时钟
      timer1.start();
    }

鼠标悬停警告框处理

想要警告框停留的时间长一些，一中方式是直接设置警告框停留的时间长一些，另一种方式是通过判断鼠标在警告框窗口是否悬停，所以可以通过鼠标的悬停和离开事件进行处理

    private void alertmessageform_mousemove(object sender, mouseeventargs e)
    {
      this.opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.interval = int.maxvalue;//警告框停留时间
      action = alertformaction.close;
    }

    private void alertmessageform_mouseleave(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      this.opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
      action = alertformaction.close;
    }

警告框的完整代码

  public enum alerttype
  {
    info,
    success,
    warning,
    error
  }

  public enum alertformaction
  {
    start,
    wait,
    close
  }

  public partial class alertmessageform : form
  {
    public alertmessageform()
    {
      initializecomponent();
    }

    private int x, y;
    private alertformaction action;

    private void timer1_tick(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      switch (action)
      {
        case alertformaction.start:
          timer1.interval = 50;//警告显示的时间
          this.opacity += 0.1;
          if (this.opacity == 1.0)
          {
            action = alertformaction.wait;
          }
          break;
        case alertformaction.wait:
          timer1.interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
          action = alertformaction.close;
          break;
        case alertformaction.close:
          timer1.interval = 50;//警告关闭的时间
          this.opacity -= 0.1;
          if (this.opacity == 0.0)
          {
            this.close();
          }
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }

    public void show(string message, alerttype type)
    {
      // 设置窗口启始位置
      this.startposition = formstartposition.manual;

      // 设置程序每个打开的消息窗口的位置，超过10个就不做处理，这个可以根据自己的需求设定
      string fname;
      for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
      {
        fname = "alert" + i.tostring();
        alertmessageform alert = (alertmessageform)application.openforms[fname];
        if (alert == null)
        {
          this.name = fname;
          this.x = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.width - this.width;
          this.y = screen.primaryscreen.workingarea.height - this.height * i - 5 * i;
          this.location = new point(x, y);
          break;
        }
      }

      labelcontent.text = message;
      this.opacity = 0.0;
      setalerttheme(type);
      this.show();

      action = alertformaction.start;
      //启动时钟
      timer1.start();
    }

    private void alertmessageform_mousemove(object sender, mouseeventargs e)
    {
      this.opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.interval = int.maxvalue;//警告框停留时间
      action = alertformaction.close;
    }

    private void alertmessageform_mouseleave(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      this.opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
      action = alertformaction.close;
    }

    private void buttonclose_click(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      // 注销鼠标事件
      this.mouseleave-= new system.eventhandler(this.alertmessageform_mouseleave);
      this.mousemove -= new system.windows.forms.mouseeventhandler(this.alertmessageform_mousemove);

      timer1.interval = 50;//警告关闭的时间
      this.opacity -= 0.1;
      if (this.opacity == 0.0)
      {
        this.close();
      }
    }

    // 设置警告框主题
    private void setalerttheme(alerttype type)
    {
      switch (type)
      {
        case alerttype.info:
          this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.info;
          this.backcolor = color.royalblue;
          break;
        case alerttype.success:
          this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.success;
          this.backcolor = color.seagreen;
          break;
        case alerttype.warning:
          this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.warning;
          this.backcolor = color.darkorange;
          break;
        case alerttype.error:
          this.picturebox1.image = properties.resources.error;
          this.backcolor = color.darkred;
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }
  }

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