Elasticsearch 操作说明一

 

1.简单的集群管理

• 快速检查集群的健康状况(es提供了一套api，叫做cat api，可以查看es中各种各样的数据)

GET /_cat/health?v
epoch      timestamp cluster       status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1488006741 15:12:21  elasticsearch yellow          1         1      1   1    0    0        1             0                  -                 50.0%

epoch      timestamp cluster       status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1488007113 15:18:33  elasticsearch green           2         2      2   1    0    0        0             0                  -                100.0%

epoch      timestamp cluster       status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1488007216 15:20:16  elasticsearch yellow          1         1      1   1    0    0        1             0                  -                 50.0%

• 集群状态说明

green：每个索引的primary shard和replica shard都是active状态的
yellow：每个索引的primary shard都是active状态的，但是部分replica shard不是active状态，处于不可用的状态
red：不是所有索引的primary shard都是active状态的，部分索引有数据丢失了

yellow状态说明：
           一台电脑，就启动了一个es进程，相当于就只有一个node。现在es中有一个index，就是kibana自己内置建立的index。由于默认的配置是给每个index分配5个primary shard和5个replica shard，而且primary shard和replica shard不能在同一台机器上（为了容错）。现在kibana自己建立的index是1个primary shard和1个replica shard。当前就一个node，所以只有1个primary shard被分配了和启动了，但是一个replica shard没有第二台机器去启动。如果此时只要启动第二个es进程，就会在es集群中有2个node，然后那1个replica shard就会自动分配过去，然后cluster status就会变成green状态

• 查看集群中索引

GET /_cat/indices?v

health status index   uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   .kibana rUm9n9wMRQCCrRDEhqneBg   1   1          1            0      3.1kb          3.1kb

• 操作索引

创建索引：PUT /test_index?pretty

health status index      uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   test_index XmS9DTAtSkSZSwWhhGEKkQ   5   1          0            0       650b           650b
yellow open   .kibana    rUm9n9wMRQCCrRDEhqneBg   1   1          1            0      3.1kb          3.1kb

删除索引：DELETE /test_index?pretty

health status index   uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   .kibana rUm9n9wMRQCCrRDEhqneBg   1   1          1            0      3.1kb          3.1kb

案例：

   1. 新增商品

语法： PUT /index/type/id
PUT /ecommerce/product/1
{
    "name" : "gaolujie yagao",
    "desc" :  "gaoxiao meibai",
    "price" :  30,
    "producer" :      "gaolujie producer",
    "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ]
}

PUT /ecommerce/product/2
{
    "name" : "jiajieshi yagao",
    "desc" :  "youxiao fangzhu",
    "price" :  25,
    "producer" :      "jiajieshi producer",
    "tags": [ "fangzhu" ]
}

PUT /ecommerce/product/3
{
    "name" : "zhonghua yagao",
    "desc" :  "caoben zhiwu",
    "price" :  40,
    "producer" :      "zhonghua producer",
    "tags": [ "qingxin" ]
}

es会自动建立index和type，不需要提前创建，而且es默认会对document每个field都建立倒排索引，让其可以被搜索

2. 查询商品信息：检索文档

GET /index/type/id
GET /ecommerce/product/1
{
  "_index": "ecommerce",
  "_type": "product",
  "_id": "1",
  "_version": 1,
  "found": true,
  "_source": {
    "name": "gaolujie yagao",
    "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
    "price": 30,
    "producer": "gaolujie producer",
    "tags": [
      "meibai",
      "fangzhu"
    ]
  }
}

3. 修改商品：替换文档

使用PUT 替换，这种方式更新文档，必须带上文档中所有字段信息，否则，其他字段信息会丢失

PUT /ecommerce/product/1
{
    "name" : "jiaqiangban gaolujie yagao",
    "desc" :  "gaoxiao meibai",
    "price" :  30,
    "producer" :      "gaolujie producer",
    "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ]
}

修改商品:更新文档

可以使用POST 更新文档

POST /ecommerce/product/1/_update
{
  "doc": {
    "name": "jiaqiangban gaolujie yagao"
  }
}

4. 删除商品：删除文档

DELETE /ecommerce/product/1